RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Relacionar as variáveis biopsicossociais do Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders com os grupos de pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular, com disfunção temporomandibular e migrânea e grupo controle. MÉTODOS: Estudo do tipo observacional transversal onde foram avaliados 280 pacientes consecutivos, divididos em 3 grupos: grupo I (140 indivíduos controle); grupo II (65 indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular muscular) e grupo III (75 indivíduos com migrânea e disfunção temporomandibular muscular). Os critérios de exclusão foram indivíduos que apresentaram histórico clínico de processos inflamatórios musculares, espasmos musculares, contraturas e injúria traumática aguda na articulação temporomandibular. RESULTADOS: Os indivíduos do grupo III apresentaram associação com depressão grave (p<0,0001), grau 4 na variável intensidade da dor (p=0,004), sintomas físicos não específicos sem dor intensa (p<0,0001) e sintomas físicos não específicos com dor intensa (p<0,0001). Houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros feminino e masculino no grupo III (Z=2,59; p=0,001), evidenciando maior tempo de dor no gênero feminino. A porcentagem de mulheres no grupo III foi significativamente maior em relação aos homens (p=0,004). CONCLUSÃO: A relação entre as variáveis e os três grupos mostrou maior número de indivíduos acometidos com maior intensidade de sintomas no grupo III. Dessa forma, entende-se que a migrânea é uma condição mórbida frequentemente associada à disfunção temporomandibular, potencializando os sintomas descritos pelos pacientes. Há necessidade de avaliações clínicas multidisciplinares nesses indivíduos para que o tratamento seja otimizado, minimizando a morbidade e diminuindo os custos e o número de consultas prestadas aos pacientes.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To relate biopsychosocial variables of Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders to groups of patients with temporomandibular disorders, temporomandibular disorders and migraine and a control group. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional observational study where 280 consecutive patients were evaluated and distributed in three groups: group I (140 control individuals); group II (65 individuals with muscle temporomandibular disorders) and group III (75 individuals with migraine and muscle temporomandibular disorders). Exclusion criteria were individuals with clinical history of muscle inflammatory processes, muscle spasms, contractures and acute temporomandibular joint traumatic injury. RESULTS: Group III individuals had association with severe depression (p<0.001), level 4 in pain severity (p=0.004), unspecific physical symptoms without severe pain (p<0.0001) and unspecific symptoms with severe pain (p<0.00001). There has been significant difference between females and males in group III (Z=2.59; p=0.001), with longer pain duration among females. The percentage of females in group III was significantly higher as compared to males (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: The relationship between variables and the three groups has shown a higher number of individuals with more severe symptoms in group III. So, it is understood that migraine is a morbid condition often associated to temporo mandibular disorders, worsening symptoms referred by patients. There is the need for multidisciplinary evaluation of these individuals to optimize treatment and minimize morbidity, costs and the number of medical visits.

OBJETIVO: avaliar a estabilidade e recidiva do tratamento de apinhamento dos dentes anterossuperiores em casos com extrações de pré-molares e avaliar a tendência dos dentes apinhados, no início do tratamento, a retornar à sua posição original. MÉTODOS: a amostra consistiu de 70 pacientes de ambos os sexos, com má oclusão inicial de Classe I e Classe II de Angle, tratados com extrações dos primeiros pré-molares. A idade média inicial foi de 13,08 anos. Foram avaliados os modelos de estudo nas fases inicial (T1), final (T2) e, em média, 9 anos pós-tratamento (T3) de cada paciente. As variáveis da arcada superior avaliadas e comparadas estatisticamente pela Análise de Variância (ANOVA) foram: índice de irregularidade de Little Superior (IRLS), comprimento da arcada (CAS) e distância intercaninos (DICS). O Teste de Correlação de Pearson foi utilizado para verificar se alguma variável estudada teria influência sobre o apinhamento nas três fases (IRLS1, IRLS2, IRLS3) e em cada deslocamento de Little (A, B, C, D, E), na fase inicial e pós-tratamento. RESULTADOS: a recidiva do apinhamento superior (IRLS3-2) é influenciada pelo apinhamento inicial (IRLS1), e os dentes tendem a voltar à posição original. CCONCLUSÃO: os resultados ressaltam a atenção que o ortodontista deve dar à recidiva anterossuperior, principalmente àqueles dentes que estavam apinhados antes do tratamento.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability and the relapse of maxillary anterior crowding treatment on cases with premolar extraction and evaluate the tendency of the teeth to return to their pretreatment position. METHODS: The experimental sample consisted of 70 patients of both sex with an initial Class I and Class II maloclusion and treated with first premolar extractions. The initial mean age was 13,08 years. Dental casts' measurements were obtained at three stages (pretreatment, posttreatment and posttreatment of 9 years on average) and the variables assessed were Little Irregularity Index, maxillary arch length and intercanine. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to know if some studied variable would have influence on the crowding in the three stages (LII1, LII2, LII3) and in each linear displacement of the Little irregularity index (A, B, C, D, E) in the initial and post-retention phases. RESULTS: The maxillary crowding relapse ( LII3-2) is influenced by the initial ( LII1), and the teeth tend to return to their pretreatment position. CONCLUSION: The results underline the attention that the orthodontist should be given to the maxillary anterior relapse, primarily on those teeth that are crowded before the treatment.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the skeletal, dental and soft tissue characteristics of Caucasian and Afro-Caucasian Brazilian subjects with normal occlusion and to evaluate sexual dimorphism within the groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample comprised lateral cephalograms of untreated normal occlusion subjects, divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 40 Caucasian subjects (20 of each sex), with a mean age of 13.02 years; group 2 included 40 Afro-Caucasian subjects (20 of each sex), with a mean age of 13.02 years. Groups 1 and 2 and males and females within each group were compared with t tests. RESULTS: Afro-Caucasian subjects presented greater maxillary protrusion, smaller upper anterior face height and lower posterior face height, larger upper posterior face height, greater maxillary and mandibular dentoalveolar protrusion as well as soft tissue protrusion than Caucasian subjects. The Afro-Caucasian female subjects had less mandibular protrusion and smaller total posterior facial height and upper posterior facial height than males. CONCLUSIONS: Brazilian Afro-Caucasian subjects have greater dentoalveolar and soft tissue protrusion than Brazilian Caucasian subjects, with slight sexual dimorphism in some variables.

Effective orthodontic anchorage may be obtained by miniimplants inserted into the maxillary bones. However, the risk of miniimplant failure is one of the most important issues, especially the rupture of its structure referred to as fracture, mainly due to metal deficiencies. This study analyzed the internal microstructure of orthodontic mini-implants, ascertaining the composition of the metal to detect possible discontinuities from the surface to the core of the screws. Eighteen samples of mini-implants, of 3 different brands, were obtained. The samples were cold-embedded in methyl methacrylate polymer, and were sectioned both longitudinally (3 samples of each brand) and transversely (the other 3 screws of each brand). After preparation, the samples were observed using a light microscope at up to 2,000 x magnification. The results showed that the mini-implants thus analyzed were composed of an Alpha-Beta globular phase of titanium alloy, patterns A1 and A9 (in accordance with the "Technical Committee of European Titanium Producers"). The miniimplants did not present any defects such as bubbles, imperfections or fissures, in either longitudinal or transverse sections, in their internal microstructure. All samples met the requirements of international norms. Orthodontists must be aware of the metal composition and internal microstructure of mini-implants, to decrease the risk of fractures.

A má oclusão de Classe II divisão 1 de Angle é, frequentemente, acompanhada da atresia maxilar. Esse problema transversal da maxila deve ser corrigido, sempre que possível, antes da correção anteroposterior, sendo que os aparelhos de expansão rápida são os mais utilizados para isso. Para a correção da Classe II, atualmente, os aparelhos funcionais fixos são os mais estudados e empregados, por serem aparelhos intrabucais e necessitarem de menor colaboração do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar a estabilidade dos resultados obtidos após seis anos de tratamento com expansor tipo Hyrax, seguido do aparelho funcional fixo de Herbst e aparelho fixo. Após uma revisão da literatura, será apresentado um caso clínico, com atresia maxilar e má oclusão de Classe II divisão 1, tratado com essa terapia. O tratamento foi realizado em um curto período de tempo, com resultados funcionais e estéticos satisfatórios e mantidos ao longo dos anos.

The Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion is often accompanied by maxillary transverse deficiency. When ever is possible, this maxillary transverse problem must be corrected before the anteroposterior correction. The rapid maxillary expanders is the appliance more used to correct the transverse deficiency. For the Class II malocclusion correction the fixed functional appliances are more studied and used. They are a kind of intraoral appliance that almost don't need patient's collaboration. The aim of this study is to show the results' stability after six years of the orthodontic treatment with Hyrax expander, followed by Herbst and straight wire appliances. After a literature review, a clinical case with maxillary transverse deficiency and Class II division 1 malocclusion treated with this therapy is reported. The treatment duration was very brief and the results were functionally and esthetically satisfactory with a long-term stability.