In this study, we investigate the antimicrobial effects of a mixture of a biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis and an alkaline lipase from Fusarium oxysporum (AL/BS mix) on several types of microorganisms, as well as their abilities to remove Listeria innocua ATCC 33093 biofilm from stainless steel coupons. The AL/BS mix had a surface tension of around 30 mN.m-1, indicating that the presence of alkaline lipase did not interfere in the surface activity properties of the tensoactive component. The antimicrobial activity of the AL/BS mix was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) micro-assays. Among all the tested organisms, the presence of the mixture only affected the growth of B. subtilis CCT 2576, B. cereus ATCC 10876 and L. innocua. The most sensitive microorganism was B. cereus (MIC 0.013 mg.mL-1). In addition, the effect of the sanitizer against L. innocua attached to stainless steel coupons was determined by plate count after vortexing. The results showed that the presence of the AL/BS mix improved the removal of adhered cells relative to treatment done without the sanitizer, reducing the count of viable cells by 1.72 log CFU.cm-2. However, there was no significant difference between the sanitizers tested and an SDS detergent standard (p<0.05).

Devido ao elevado poder tensoativo, baixa toxidez e biodegradabilidade, os lipopeptídios produzidos por bactérias do gênero Bacillus estão entre os biossurfactantes mais conhecidos e estudados. Estes compostos são apontados como potenciais insumos para diversos setores industriais, inclusive o de alimentos. Para que seja possível sua aplicação industrial, no entanto, é necessário que estes compostos apresentem estabilidade e manutenção de suas propriedades em condições extremas, que estão freqüentemente associadas a esses processos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a estabilidade do biossurfactante produzido pela linhagem LB5a de Bacillus subtilis, cultivado em manipueira (resíduo da industrialização da mandioca) em um processo piloto. Os estudos de estabilidade foram realizados em função da variação de temperatura, pH e concentração salina. Foram realizadas avaliações da sua capacidade emulsificante em misturas de água com hidrocarbonetos e óleos vegetais, bem como a estabilidade das emulsões formadas. Os resultados mostraram que o biossurfactante foi estável à temperatura de 100 °C por 140 minutos e a 121 °C por até 60 minutos, à concentração de 2,5 a 20% de NaCl e na faixa de pH de 6 a 10. Em relação ao índice de emulsão com 24 horas (IE24), o biossurfactante mostrou elevados valores para diversos hidrocarbonetos cíclicos e alifáticos, além de óleos vegetais com diferentes perfis de ácidos graxos. Todos os resultados obtidos demonstraram a importância do biossurfactante para potenciais aplicações em diversos ramos industriais.

Due to the high surface activity, low toxicity, and biodegradability lipopeptides produced by bacteria of the genus Bacillus are among the best biosurfactants known and studied. These compounds are mentioned as potential inputs for various industrial sectors. However, to allow their implementation in industrial processes, it is necessary stability under extreme conditions often associated with of such processes and the maintenance of their properties. The aim of this work was to study the stability of the biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis strain LB5a grown in cassava wastewater in a pilot process. Stability studies were carried out by varying the temperature, pH, and salt (NaCl) concentration. Another study was the evaluation of their emulsifying index in mixtures of water with hydrocarbons and vegetable oils as well as the stability of the emulsions formed. The results showed that the biosurfactant was stable under all combination of temperature and time tested: 100 °C for 140 minutes and 121 °C for up to 60 minutes. It was also stable in concentrations of NaCl from 2.5 to 20%, and pH from 6 to 10. The biosurfactant showed higher values of emulsion index at 24 hours (EI24) to various cyclical and aliphatic hydrocarbons when compared with SDS. The vegetable oils emulsions were stable despite the fact that the profiles of fatty acid chain in the oils were different. All results described characterize these compounds as potential emulsifiers for different industrial applications.

Surfactin, a lipopeptide produced by strains of Bacillus subtilis, has been proved to be a suitable biosurfactant in several applications. For many years, it has been investigated mainly for oil recovery and environmental usage. Its chemical, technological and functional characteristics turn surfactin into an attractive compound for several utilizations. In this review we emphasize some aspects of surfactin as a new food ingredient and its potential pharmaceutical and health applications.