Abstract Leishmaniasis is a disease of public health relevance that demands new therapeutic alternatives due to the toxicity of conventional treatments. In this study, 27 plants of interest to the Unified Health System (SUS) were evaluated for cytotoxicity in macrophages, leishmanicidal activity and production of nitric oxide (NO). None of the species demonstrated cytotoxicity to macrophages (CC50 >100 μg/mL). Extracts from Chenopodium ambrosioides, Equisetum arvense, Maytenus ilicifolia showed greater efficacy in inducing the death of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes with IC50 of 68.4, 82.3, 75.7 μg/mL, respectively. The species Cynara scolymus, Punica granatum and Passiflora alata were the most effective in inducing an increase in the indirect concentration of NO (41.31, 29.30 and 28.86 µM, respectively) in cultures of macrophages infected with L. amazonensis. Furthermore, Punica granatum was also the most effective species in inducing an increase in NO in macrophages infected by Leishmania chagasi (19.90 µM). The results obtained so far support the continuation of studies, with the possibility of developing safer and more effective treatments for leishmaniasis, using natural products. The identification of plants that stimulate the production of NO in macrophages infected by Leishmania opens doors for more detailed investigations of the mechanism of action of these natural products. study 2 SUS (SUS NO. . (NO) CC50 CC (CC5 100 >10 μg/mL. μgmL μg/mL μg mL μg/mL) ambrosioides arvense IC IC5 684 68 4 68.4 823 82 3 82.3 757 75 7 75. respectively scolymus 41.31, 4131 41 31 (41.31 2930 29 30 29.3 2886 28 86 28.8 µM L Furthermore 19.90 1990 19 90 (19.9 µM. µM) studies leishmaniasis products (NO CC5 (CC 10 >1 6 68. 8 82. 41.31 413 (41.3 293 29. 288 28. 19.9 199 1 9 (19. > 41.3 (41. 19. (19 41. (41 (1 (4 (

Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence of signs suggestive of sarcopenia and its associated factors in an older rural riverside population of the Amazon. Method A cross-sectional household-based study was carried out from April to June 2021 involving the universe of older people (age ≥60 years) living in nine rural communities on the banks of the Rio Negro, Manaus city, Amazonas state, Brazil. Signs suggestive of sarcopenia were identified using the Sarcopenia Formulary combined with calf circumference. Sociodemographic aspects, physical performance (static standing balance, gait speed at usual pace, and chair sit and stand), handgrip strength and self-reported health conditions (hypertension, diabetes, stroke, chronic low-back pain and multimorbidity) represented the explanatory variables. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess factors associated with signs suggestive of sarcopenia. Results Data from 98 older individuals (55.1% male) with a mean age of 69.6±7.4 years were analyzed. Results revealed that 50.5% had low handgrip strength, 52.6% disability/low physical performance and 43.0% multimorbidity. Sarcopenia was identified in 28.9% of participants and associated with higher age (PR=1.1; 95%CI=1.1-1.1) and greater number of residents in the household (PR=1.2; 95%CI=1.0-1.3). Conclusion The findings of the study showed a high prevalence of signs suggestive of sarcopenia (28.9%) among the population of older people in rural riverside areas of the Amazon, where higher mean age and greater number of residents in the household increased the probability of occurrence of this clinical condition. Amazon crosssectional cross sectional householdbased based 202 60 ≥6 Negro city state Brazil circumference aspects static balance pace stand, stand , stand) selfreported self reported hypertension, hypertension (hypertension diabetes stroke lowback back multimorbidity variables 9 55.1% 551 55 1 (55.1 male 69674 69 6 7 4 69.6±7. analyzed 505 50 5 50.5 526 52 52.6 disabilitylow disability 430 43 0 43.0 289 28 28.9 PR=1.1 PR11 PR (PR=1.1 95%CI=1.11.1 95CI1111 CI 95%CI=1.1 1.1 95 95%CI=1.1-1.1 PR=1.2 PR12 2 (PR=1.2 95%CI=1.01.3. 95CI1013 95%CI=1.0 1.3 . 3 95%CI=1.0-1.3) (28.9% condition 20 ≥ 55.1 (55. 6967 69.6±7 50. 52. 43. 28. PR=1. PR1 (PR=1. 11 95%CI=1.11. 95CI111 95CI11 95%CI=1. 1. 95%CI=1.1-1. 01 95%CI=1.01.3 95CI101 95CI10 13 95%CI=1.0-1.3 (28.9 55. (55 696 69.6± PR=1 (PR=1 95%CI=1.11 95CI1 95%CI=1 95%CI=1.1-1 95%CI=1.01. 95%CI=1.0-1. (28. (5 69.6 PR= (PR= 95CI 95%CI= 95%CI=1.1- 95%CI=1.01 95%CI=1.0-1 (28 ( 69. (PR 95%CI 95%CI=1.0- (2

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia, bem como seus fatores associados, em pessoas idosas residentes em comunidades rurais ribeirinhas de Manaus. Método Estudo transversal de base domiciliar conduzido de abril a junho de 2021 com o universo de pessoas idosas (≥60 anos) que residiam em nove comunidades rurais ribeirinhas do rio Negro, Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. Os sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia foram identificados por meio do Sarcopenia Formulary combinado à circunferência da panturrilha. Os aspectos sociodemográficos, o desempenho físico (equilíbrio estático em pé, velocidade de marcha em passo habitual e força muscular dos membros inferiores), a força de preensão palmar e as condições de saúde autorreferidas (hipertensão, diabetes, acidente vascular encefálico, dor lombar crônica e multimorbidade) representaram as variáveis explicativas. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para avaliação dos fatores associados aos sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia. Resultados Foram analisados os dados de 98 pessoas idosas (55,1% do sexo masculino), com idade média de 69,6±7,4 anos. Identificou-se que 50,5% apresentavam diminuição de força de preensão palmar, 52,6% incapacidade/baixo desempenho físico e 43,0% apresentaram multimorbidade. A ocorrência de sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia foi observada em 28,9% das pessoas idosas e associou-se à idade mais elevada (RP=1,1; IC95%=1,1-1,1) e ao maior número de moradores no domicílio (RP=1,2; IC95%=1,0-1,3). Conclusão Os achados do estudo evidenciaram elevada prevalência de sinais sugestivos de sarcopenia (28,9%) na população de pessoas idosas de localidades rurais ribeirinhas da Amazônia, sendo que maiores médias de idade e maior número de moradores no domicílio aumentaram a probabilidade de ocorrência dessa condição clínica. Manaus 202 ≥60 60 (≥6 anos Negro Amazonas Brasil panturrilha sociodemográficos equilíbrio pé inferiores, inferiores , inferiores) hipertensão, hipertensão (hipertensão diabetes encefálico multimorbidade explicativas Utilizouse Utilizou se 9 55,1% 551 55 1 (55,1 masculino, masculino masculino) 69674 69 6 7 4 69,6±7, Identificouse Identificou 505 50 5 50,5 526 52 52,6 incapacidadebaixo incapacidade baixo 430 43 0 43,0 289 28 28,9 associouse associou RP=1,1 RP11 RP (RP=1,1 IC95%=1,11,1 IC951111 IC IC95%=1,1 1,1 IC95 IC95%=1,1-1,1 RP=1,2 RP12 2 (RP=1,2 IC95%=1,01,3. IC951013 IC95%=1,0 1,3 . 3 IC95%=1,0-1,3) (28,9% Amazônia clínica 20 ≥6 (≥ 55,1 (55, 6967 69,6±7 50, 52, 43, 28, RP=1, RP1 (RP=1, 11 IC95%=1,11, IC95111 IC9511 IC95%=1, 1, IC9 IC95%=1,1-1, 01 IC95%=1,01,3 IC95101 IC9510 13 IC95%=1,0-1,3 (28,9 ≥ ( 55, (55 696 69,6± RP=1 (RP=1 IC95%=1,11 IC951 IC95%=1 IC95%=1,1-1 IC95%=1,01, IC95%=1,0-1, (28, (5 69,6 RP= (RP= IC95%= IC95%=1,1- IC95%=1,01 IC95%=1,0-1 (28 69, (RP IC95% IC95%=1,0- (2

Abstract The Pyroligneous extract is a product from the combustion of plant biomass with applications in the fields of health, industrial chemistry, and agriculture. The discovery of new molecules with therapeutic potential and of natural origin continues to be one of the great challenges for research centres around the world. The following work aims to analyze, through a technological prospection, the use of pyroligneous extracts for therapeutic purposes. To carry out the study, searches were carried out in documents deposited in Brazil, Europe, and the United States and searched on platforms specialized in patents. The number of inventions using pyroligneous extract with therapeutic applications is still quite small, however, innovations have been observed for the treatment of diseases of great clinical relevance such as cancer and hypertension. The systematic mapping of innovations is of great importance for the development of new technologies. health chemistry agriculture world analyze prospection purposes study Brazil Europe patents small however hypertension technologies

Resumo Enquadramento: A ação e raciocínio pedagógico são sustentadas por fontes e conhecimentos base para o ensino, que subsidiam as fases do Modelo de Ação e Raciocínio Pedagógicos. Objetivo: Analisar as relações entre a trajetória de acesso às fontes de conhecimento base e as fases da ação e raciocínio pedagógicos de professores permanentes de programas de pós-graduação em enfermagem, bem como as suas implicações para a formação didático-pedagógica. Metodologia: Métodos mistos, 28 docentes permanentes de dois programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu (PPGENF) da Região Norte do Brasil. A colheita dos dados ocorreu em três etapas, fontes documentais (Plataforma Sucupira e Lattes) e (1) entrevista. Análise qualitativa - método de comparações constantes, e quantitativa (estatística descritiva, à luz de conceitos de Shulman). Resultados: Acesso às fontes de conhecimento na trajetória, a sabedoria adquirida durante a prática docente e experiência como estudante, melhora o raciocínio pedagógico dos professores nas fases de compreensão, transformação e ensino. Conclusão: O raciocínio pedagógico dos professores sugere fragilidades no estímulo à formação didático-pedagógica curricular em ambos os PPPGENF.

Abstract Background: Pedagogical reasoning and action are underpinned by sources of the knowledge base for teaching, which support the phases of the Pedagogical Reasoning and Action Model. Objective: To analyze the association between the trajectory of access to the sources of the knowledge base and the processes of pedagogical reasoning and action of permanent faculty members of postgraduate nursing programs, as well as their implications for didactic-pedagogical training. Methodology: Mixed-methods study with 28 permanent teachers from two stricto sensu postgraduate programs in northern Brazil. Data collection took place in three stages, through documentary sources (Sucupira and Lattes Platform) and (1) interview. The constant comparative method was used for qualitative analysis, and descriptive statistics based on Shulman’s concepts was used for quantitative analysis. Results: Access to sources of knowledge along the way, wisdom acquired during teaching practice and experience as a student, better pedagogical reasoning of teachers in the stages of understanding, transformation, and teaching Conclusion: The faculty’s pedagogical reasoning suggests weaknesses in the investment in didactic-pedagogical training in the curricula of both postgraduate nursing programs.

Resumen Marco contextual: La acción y el razonamiento pedagógicos se apoyan en fuentes y conocimientos base para la enseñanza, que sostienen las fases del Modelo de Acción y Razonamiento Pedagógico. Objetivo: Analizar las relaciones entre la trayectoria de acceso a las fuentes de conocimiento base y las fases de la acción y el razonamiento pedagógicos de los profesores titulares de programas de posgrado en enfermería, así como sus implicaciones para la formación didáctico-pedagógica. Metodología: Métodos mixtos, 28 profesores titulares de dos programas de posgrado stricto sensu (PPGENF) de la Región Norte de Brasil. La recogida de datos se realizó en tres etapas, fuentes documentales (Plataforma Sucupira y Lattes) y (1) entrevista. Análisis cualitativo: método de comparaciones constantes, y cuantitativo (estadística descriptiva según los conceptos de Shulman). Resultados: El acceso a las fuentes de conocimiento en la trayectoria, la sabiduría adquirida durante la práctica docente y la experiencia como estudiante mejoran el razonamiento pedagógico de los profesores en las fases de comprensión, transformación y enseñanza. Conclusión: El razonamiento pedagógico de los profesores indica que existen deficiencias en la estimulación de la formación didáctico-pedagógica curricular en ambos PPPGENF.

Resumo: Objetivo: Analisar as representações sociais dos profissionais de enfermagem residentes no Brasil sobre a pandemia da Covid-19 no contexto da saúde mental. Método: estudo qualitativo com 719 profissionais das cinco regiões geográficas, a partir de formulário virtual. Empregou-se o software IRaMuTeQ®️ para preparo do material empírico e Análise de Conteúdo Temática, e interpretação à luz do referencial teórico das Representações Sociais. Resultados: Participaram Técnicos de Enfermagem (20%), Enfermeiros (47,2%), Obstetrizes (0,5%), Enfermeiros docente-pesquisadores (15%), Enfermeiros Pós-graduandos (13,4%), Enfermeiros especializando (3,7%). As RS dos profissionais de enfermagem são elaboradas na esfera do processo de trabalho precarizado e nas vivências naturalizadas da construção social da profissão, antes e no contexto pandêmico, são fotografias da realidade de uma categoria tomada como máquina de uma engrenagem e não constituída de sujeitos de direitos. Revela-se uma realidade que tem subtraído a possibilidade de estes projetarem planos para o futuro e abre espaço para a produção do adoecimento mental. É fundamental ampliar o debate sobre os desafios cotidianos da profissão para que seja possível potencializar o valor do seu trabalho, de vanguarda e sua essencialidade nos sistemas de saúde, e que a Enfermagem não pode calar. Considerações Finais: Foi possível apreender que os profissionais de enfermagem residentes no Brasil, vinham realizando o trabalho de forma precarizada antes da pandemia da Covid-19, e em suas práticas não produziam grandes questionamentos. Com a pandemia e o risco de contaminação, os profissionais passaram a olhar a prática profissional mais de perto e sentiram medo das vivências naturalizadas e simplificadas frente ao não uso de equipamentos de proteção individual. Logo, compreenderam que cuidar do outro implica também cuidar de si. Este estudo também revela que os profissionais precisam ressignificar a construção social da profissão e constituir uma consciência de classe frente ao modo de produção no qual estão inseridos.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the social representations of nursing professionals residing in Brazil about the Covid-19 pandemic in the context of mental health. Method: qualitative study with 719 professionals from five geographic regions, using a virtual form. The software IRaMuTeQ®️ was used to prepare the empirical material and Thematic Content Analysis, and interpretation in the light of the theoretical framework of Social Representations. Results: Nursing Technicians (20%), Nurses (47.2%), Midwives (0.5%), Professor-Research Nurses (15%), Graduate Nurses (13.4%), Specializing Nurses (13.4%) participated. 3.7%). The SR of nursing professionals are elaborated in the sphere of the precarious work process and in the naturalized experiences of the social construction of the profession, before and in the pandemic context, they are photographs of the reality of a category taken as a machine of a gear and not constituted of subjects of rights. A reality is revealed that has subtracted the possibility of them projecting plans for the future and opens space for the production of mental illness. It is essential to broaden the debate on the daily challenges of the profession so that it is possible to enhance the value of its work, which is avant-garde and its essentiality in health systems, which Nursing cannot ignore. Final Considerations: It was possible to understand that nursing professionals residing in Brazil had been performing their work in a precarious way before the Covid-19 pandemic, and in their practices did not produce major questions. With the pandemic and the risk of contamination, professionals began to look more closely at professional practice and were afraid of naturalized and simplified experiences in the face of not using personal protective equipment. Therefore, they understood that taking care of the other also implies taking care of themselves. This study also reveals that professionals need to re-signify the social construction of the profession and constitute a class consciousness in the face of the mode of production in which they are inserted.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender como as contradições e tensões da política neoliberal, materializadas na precarização do trabalho, repercutem na saúde mental das trabalhadoras da enfermagem no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, analisado à luz da política econômica neoliberal. Dados coletados por meios virtuais, com participação de 719 trabalhadoras de enfermagem, no período de abril a junho de 2020. Para a organização dos dados, foi utilizado o software IRaMuTeQ® e análise temática. Resultados: os relatos revelaram o desvalor das trabalhadoras e as perdas dos direitos sociais trabalhistas; a progressividade da política neoliberal, suas ameaças e repercussão na saúde mental das trabalhadoras; e reconhecimento das trabalhadoras de que a participação política e de classe não ocorre de forma isolada, mas coletiva. Conclusão: sob a égide da política neoliberal, a pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe um recrudescimento da precariedade do trabalho, influenciando na subjetividade e na saúde mental das trabalhadoras de enfermagem.

Abstract Objective: to understand how the contradictions and tensions of neoliberal policy, materialized in precarious work, affect nursing workers’ mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: this is a study with a qualitative and descriptive approach, analyzed in the light of neoliberal economic policy. Data were collected through virtual means, with the participation of 719 nursing workers, from April to June 2020. To organize the data, the IRaMuTeQ® software and thematic analysis were used. Results: the reports revealed the lack of value of workers and the loss of social labor rights; the progressive nature of the neoliberal policy, its threats and repercussions on workers’ mental health; and recognition by female workers that political and class participation does not occur in isolation, but collectively. Conclusion: under the aegis of neoliberal policy, the COVID-19 pandemic brought an upsurge precarious work, influencing nursing workers’ subjectivity and mental health.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender cómo las contradicciones y tensiones de la política neoliberal, materializadas en la precariedad del trabajo, afectan la salud mental de los trabajadores de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: se trata de un estudio con enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, analizado a la luz de la política económica neoliberal. Datos recolectados a través de medios virtuales, con la participación de 719 trabajadores de enfermería, de abril a junio de 2020. Para organizar los datos se utilizó el software IRaMuTeQ® y análisis temático. Resultados: los informes revelaron la desvalorización de los trabajadores y la pérdida de los derechos sociolaborales; el carácter progresivo de la política neoliberal, sus amenazas y repercusiones en la salud mental de los trabajadores; y el reconocimiento por parte de las trabajadoras de que la participación política y de clase no se da de forma aislada, sino de forma colectiva. Conclusión: bajo la égida de la política neoliberal, la pandemia de COVID-19 provocó un recrudecimiento de la precariedad laboral, incidiendo en la subjetividad y la salud mental de los trabajadores de enfermería.

RESUMO: Lesões podais em ovinos são responsáveis por grandes perdas econômicas, pois a dor durante a locomoção interfere na alimentação e no comportamento, levando à perda de produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever as principais doenças podais encontradas em rebanho ovino, que utiliza medidas profiláticas contra as doenças podais. Foram examinadas 346 ovelhas quanto à presença de lesões podais em todos os membros, dígitos e estruturas adjacentes. Entre os 2.768 dígitos avaliados, 103 (29,76%) apresentavam lesões, representando 1,04 lesões por animal. 41,75% (43/103) apresentavam apenas uma lesão, 39,81% (41/103) tinham duas lesões, 16 (15,53%) tinham três lesões, e apenas três animais apresentavam quatro ou mais lesões. Os membros posteriores foram os mais afetados e as doenças mais frequentes foram a doença da linha branca (40,05%), dermatite interdigital (33,70%) e footrot (12,15%). Pode-se concluir que as lesões podais em ovinos são frequentes e constituem um problema sanitário para os rebanhos, mesmo em propriedade que realiza medidas profiláticas. Portanto, é fundamental classificar as lesões, assim como adotar as medidas profiláticas e terapêuticas eficazes.

ABSTRACT: Foot lesions in sheep herds are responsible for great economic losses, because pain during locomotion interferes with feeding and behavior, leading productivity losses. The objective of this work was to describe the main foot disease found in sheep herd that uses prophylactic measures against foot diseases. A total of 346 ewes of different ages, with or without lameness, were assessed for the presence of foot lesions in all limbs, digits and adjacent structures. Among all the 2768 digits evaluated, 103 (29.76%) had lesions, representing 1.04 lesion per animal. 41.75% (43/103) had only one lesion, 39.81% (41/103) had two lesions, 16 (15.53%) had three lesions, and only 2.91% (3/103) had four or more lesions. Hind limbs were the most affected and the most frequent diseases were white line disease (40.05%), interdigital dermatitis (33.70%) and footrot (12.15%). It was concluded that foot disease in sheep is frequent and constitute a health problem for herds, even on farms that use strategies to prevent it. Therefore, it is essential to classify the lesions, as well as the adoption of effective prophylactic and therapeutic measures.

Abstract Currently, antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health problem, which has made the need for new antimicrobial compounds to deal with resistant infections an emergency. However, environments that once offered so many innovative molecules, now already exhaustively exploited, do not meet this need. In this context, a geographically isolated, under-explored and extreme environment, such as Antarctica, which holds organisms with unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, assumes great importance as a potential source of new compounds with antimicrobial activity. In this patent review, we investigate the state of technological development in the field of antimicrobial compounds obtained from Antarctic organisms, highlighting the main countries and researchers active in the field, the species utilized, the compounds obtained, and their possible therapeutic applications. As results, few patent documents were found, however they encompass a wide diversity of compounds and species, indicating a great antimicrobial potential present in Antarctic biota, including compounds active against the most important human pathogenic microorganisms, such as including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. and multi-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, due to the increasing trend in patent applications, a significant rise in the number of patents in this area is expected in the coming years.

Abstract In the Antarctic environment, yeasts are versatile eukaryotes that have shown wide dispersion in different substrates, producing active enzymes in extreme conditions, but their relevance in biotechnological applications is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of extracellular hydrolases by yeasts isolated from Antarctic lichens and molecularly identify these isolates. From a total of 144 isolates on the screening, 109 (76%) produced at least one of the hydrolases tested, with most activities for proteases 59 (41%), cellulases 58 (40%), esterases 57 (39%), lipases 29 (20%), amylases 23 (16%) and pectinases 20 (14%). Among these isolates, 76 were identified, most belonged to the phylum Basidiomycota (n=73) with the dominance of Vishniacozyma victoriae (n=27), Cystobasidium alpinum (n=3), Mrakia niccombsii (n=3), Cystobasidium laryngis (n=2), Bannozyma yamatoana (n=2), Holtermanniella nyarrowii (n=2), and Glaciozyma martinii (n=2). This study is the first one reporting extracellular enzyme production by yeasts isolated from thallus of the species of Antarctic lichens Lecania brialmontii, Polycauliona candelaria, Usnea capillacea, Cladonia metacorallifera, and Polycauliona regalis. With these data, it’s possible to confirm lichens as a source of hydrolase-producing yeasts, reinforcing the potential of these microorganisms in bioprospecting studies of catalytic molecules from polar regions that may be useful in promising biotechnological applications.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear os serviços de acolhimento em saúde mental ofertados aos acadêmicos pelas universidades públicas brasileiras. Método: pesquisa documental apresentada como cartografia das universidades públicas presenciais brasileiras. Os dados foram coletados de agosto a outubro de 2019 no site do Ministério da Educação, segundo as variáveis: informações sobre o serviço de acolhimento, modalidade de acesso, atividades ofertadas, distribuição geográfica das universidades que ofertam o serviço no Brasil. Resultados: das 107 universidades, 73 referem ter um serviço de acolhimento em saúde mental, e destas, 43 informam a modalidade de acesso, sendo a maioria o agendamento, e os tipos de atividades desenvolvidas, com respeito ao Plantão Psicológico. Considerações Finais: com o aumento de sofrimento psíquico entre acadêmicos, é missão da academia dialogar e acolher essa demanda. O estudo contribui alertando para a necessidade da expansão desses serviços.

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the welcoming services in Mental Health offered to students by Brazilian public universities. Method: a documentary research study presented as a cartography of the Brazilian public universities that offer in-person courses. The data were collected from August to October 2019 on the Ministry of Education website, according to the following variables: information about the welcoming service, access modality, activities offered; and geographic distribution of the universities offering the service in Brazil. Results: of the 107 universities, 73 report having a welcoming service in Mental Health and, of these, 43 indicate the access modality, mostly through appointment scheduling, and the types of activities developed with respect to Psychological Emergency Care. Final Considerations: with the increase in psychological distress among students, it is the university’s duty to be an interlocutor and welcome this demand. The study contributes by warning about the need to expand these services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear los servicios de recepción en Salud Mental que ofrecen las universidades públicas de Brasil a sus estudiantes. Método: investigación documental presentada en la forma de una cartografía de las universidades públicas con carreras presenciales de Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron entre agosto y octubre de 2019 en el sitio web del Ministerio de Educación, de acuerdo con las siguientes variables: información sobre el servicio de recepción, modalidad de acceso, actividades ofrecidas y distribución geográfica de las universidades que ofrecen el servicio en Brasil. Resultados: de las 107 universidades, 73 informan tener un servicio de recepción en salud mental y, de estas, 43 indican la modalidad de acceso, la mayoría por medio de cita previa, y los tipos de actividades que se desarrollan, con respecto a la Psicología de emergencia. Consideraciones Finales: dado el incremento en los índices de padecimiento psicológico entre los estudiantes, la misión de las universidades es ser interlocutores y receptores de dicha demanda. El aporte del estudio es advertir acerca de la necesidad de expandir estos servicios.

Abstract Microbial therapeutic enzymes are the protagonists in the pharmacological treatment of different human diseases. The intrinsic enzymatic characteristics, such as high affinity and specificity to the corresponding substrate, enable effective therapies, with minimal adverse effects and complete remission. However, immunogenicity, short half-life, low enzymatic yield, and low selectivity regarding available enzyme drugs are currently the main obstacles to their development and the broad adherence to therapeutic protocols. By harboring adapted and still unexplored microbial life, environments of extreme conditions, such as Antarctica, become especially important in the prospecting and development of new enzymatic compounds that present higher yields and the possibility of genetic improvement. Antarctic microorganisms have adaptation mechanisms, such as more fluid cell membranes, production of antifreeze proteins and enzymes with more malleable structures, more robust, stable, selective catalytic sites for their respective substrates, and high antioxidant capacity. In this context, this review aims to explore enzymes synthesized by bacteria and fungi from Antarctica as potential drug producers, capable of providing therapeutic efficacy, less adverse effects, and lower production costs with highlight to L-Asparaginase, collagenase, superoxide dismutase and ribonucleases. In addition, this review highlights the unique biotechnological profile of these Antarctic extremophile microorganisms.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar o Letramento em Saúde Mental de homens jovens e idosos residentes no Brasil no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado com 87 homens, por meio de survey online assíncrona. Os dados foram processados no software NVIVO12®, estruturados com o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e analisados por meio do conceito teórico de Letramento em Saúde Mental de Anthony Jorm. Resultados: a partir da análise de um discurso síntese sobre os componentes do Letramento em Saúde Mental, emergiram seis ideias centrais: capacidade de reconhecer distúrbios específicos ou diferentes tipos de sofrimento psíquico; conhecimento e crenças sobre fatores e causas de risco; conhecimento e crenças sobre intervenções de autoajuda; conhecimento e crenças sobre a ajuda profissional disponível; atitudes que facilitem o reconhecimento e a procura de ajuda adequada; e conhecimento de como buscar informações sobre saúde mental. Conclusão: há diferenças no Letramento em Saúde Mental de homens jovens e idosos residentes no Brasil em vivência da pandemia da COVID-19. Homens idosos mostraram-se mais competentes para a gestão do cuidado e a proteção em saúde mental do que os homens jovens, em relação aos níveis de Letramento em Saúde Mental.

Abstract Objective: to analyze the Mental Health Literacy of young and aged men living in Brazil in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Method: a qualitative study conducted with 87 men by means of an asynchronous online survey. The data were processed in the NVIVO12® software, structured with the Collective Subject Discourse method and analyzed through Anthony Jorm’s theoretical concept of Mental Health Literacy. Results: six central ideas emerged from the analysis of a synthesis discourse on the components of the Mental Health Literacy, namely: Ability to recognize specific disorders or different types of psychological distress; Knowledge and beliefs about risk factors and causes; Knowledge and beliefs about self-help interventions; Knowledge and beliefs about available professional help; Attitudes that facilitate recognition and the search for adequate help; and Knowledge on how to seek information on mental health. Conclusion: there are differences in the mental health literacy of young and aged men living in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aged men were more competent for mental health care management and protection than young men, in relation to the Mental Health Literacy levels.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la Alfabetización en Salud Mental de hombres jóvenes y mayores residentes en Brasil en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudio cualitativo, realizado con 87 hombres, mediante survey online asincrónica. Los datos fueron procesados usando el software NVIVO12®, estructurados usando el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo y analizados usando el concepto teórico de Alfabetización en Salud Mental de Anthony Jorm. Resultados: del análisis de un discurso síntesis sobre los componentes de la Alfabetización en Salud Mental, surgieron seis ideas centrales: capacidad para reconocer trastornos específicos o diferentes tipos de sufrimiento psíquico; conocimiento y creencias sobre factores y causas de riesgo; conocimiento y creencias sobre las intervenciones de autoayuda; conocimiento y creencias sobre la ayuda profesional disponible; actitudes que facilitan el reconocimiento y la búsqueda de ayuda adecuada; y conocimiento sobre cómo buscar información sobre salud mental. Conclusión: hay diferencias entre la Alfabetización en Salud Mental de los hombres jóvenes y la de los mayores que vivían en Brasil durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Los hombres mayores fueron más competentes para gestionar el cuidado y proteger su salud mental que los hombres jóvenes, según los niveles de Alfabetización en Salud Mental.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar, sob o prisma do autorrelato de antecedentes e consequentes, como a pandemia da COVID-19 piora a saúde de homens residentes no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, realizado com 200 homens residentes em todas as regiões do Brasil, mediante a aplicação de instrumento semiestruturado, hospedado em plataforma on-line. Os dados foram analisados com o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo e ancorados no referencial teórico do Materialismo Histórico Dialético. Resultados: A pandemia da COVID-19 piorou a saúde mental dos homens, porque aprimorou a história problemática pessoal, afetiva, familiar, ocupacional, disfuncional e/ou mórbida, e causa consequências de somatização psíquica, dissolução familiar, fim do relacionamento afetivo, conflitos conjugais, isolamento social, dificuldade financeira, vulnerabilidade da situação de trabalho e desgaste ocupacional, mudanças repentinas de comportamento, barreiras no acesso aos cuidados de saúde e experiências de morte e luto prejudicadas. Conclusões: É necessário fortalecer redes de apoio social, a fim de minimizar os impactos diretos e indiretos causados pela materialidade da pandemia para a saúde mental e as várias dimensões da vida afetadas.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze, from the perspective of self-report of antecedents and consequences, how the COVID-19 pandemic decrease the health of men living in Brazil. Methods: Qualitative study, conducted with 200 men living in all regions of Brazil through the application of a semi-structured instrument, hosted on an online platform. The data were analyzed with the Collective Subject Discourse method and anchored in the theoretical framework of Dialectical Historical Materialism. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic decrease men’s mental health because it worsened the history of personal, affective, family, occupational, dysfunctional and/or morbid problems, causing consequences of psychic somatization, family dissolution, end of affective relationship, marital conflicts, social isolation, financial difficulty, vulnerability of the work situation and occupational exhaustion, sudden changes in behavior, barriers in access to health care and impaired experiences of death and grief. Conclusions: Social support networks need to be strengthened in order to minimize the direct and indirect impacts caused by the pandemic materiality for mental health and the various dimensions of life affected.

Resumo Diante do panorama atual da assistência nutricional hospitalar, torna-se necessário a revisão das práticas de assistência nutricional em unidades hospitalares, visando garantir monitoramento nutricional e qualidade assistencial. Portanto, faz-se necessário a construção de fluxos de práticas da assistência nutricional em nível hospitalar pediátrico, baseados nas recomendações do Conselho Federal de Nutricionistas e da Sociedade Brasileira de Nutrição Parenteral e Enteral, visando não gerar déficit no monitoramento nutricional ao paciente e em reduzir o risco de contaminação do profissional. Quando há a disponibilidade de equipamento de proteção individual a admissão nutricional será feita presencialmente e durante o internamento poderá ser realizado monitoramento por meio de dados secundários provenientes do prontuário eletrônico e/ou telecomunicação com a equipe multidisciplinar. A implantação de rotinas nutricionais em âmbito hospitalar em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19 gera condutas mais assertivas para a prevenção e tratamento da desnutrição e de outras implicações nutricionais, garantindo também a segurança do profissional na assistência em unidades pediátricas.

Abstract In view of the current panorama of hospital nutritional care, it is necessary to review nutritional care practices in hospital units, in order to ensure nutritional monitoring and quality of care. Therefore, it is necessary to build flows of nutritional assistance practices at the pediatric hospital level, based on the recommendations of the Federal Council of Nutritionists and the Brazilian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, aiming at not generating a deficit in the nutritional monitoring of the patient and in reducing the risk of contamination of the professional. When individual protection equipment is available, nutritional admission will be made in person and during hospitalization, monitoring can be performed using secondary data from electronic medical records and / or telecommunication with the multidisciplinary team. The implementation of nutritional routines in hospitals in times of Covid-19 pandemic generates more assertive conducts for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition and other nutritional implications, also guaranteeing the safety of professionals in assistance in pediatric units..

Abstract Mesenchymal and epithelial stem cells were identified in dental tissues; however, knowledge about the odontogenic stem cells is limited, and there are some questions regarding their temporo-spatial dynamics in tooth development. Objective Our study aimed to analyze the expression of the stem cell markers CD146 and p75NTR during the different stages of odontogenesis. Methodology The groups consisted of 13.5, 15.5, 17.5 days old embryos, and 14 days postnatal BALB/c mice. The expression of CD146 and p75NTR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results Our results showed that positive cells for both markers were present in all stages of tooth development, and the number of positive cells increased with the progression of this process. Cells of epithelial and ectomesenchymal origin were positive for CD146, and the expression of p75NTR was mainly detected in the dental papilla and dental follicle. In the postnatal group, dental pulp cells were positive for CD146, and the reduced enamel epithelium and the oral mucosa epithelium showed immunostaining for p75NTR. Conclusions These results suggest that the staining pattern of CD146 and p75NTR underwent temporal and spatial changes during odontogenesis and both markers were expressed by epithelial and mesenchymal cell types, which is relevant due to the significance of the epithelial-ectomesenchymal interactions in tooth development.