RESUMEN Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) es un patógeno oportunista capaz de causar diversas infecciones en los tractos respiratorio, genital y urinario en caballos y otros animales. Esta especie se considera responsable de muchas enfermedades zoonóticas emergentes. Recientemente, existe una creciente circulación de cepas de S. zooepidemicus multirresistentes a antimicrobianos en caballos, sin embargo, no existe información sobre S. zooepidemicus y su perfil de susceptibilidad a antimicrobianos, en caballos cubanos. Por tanto, los objetivos de este estudio fueron reportar el aislamiento de S. zooepidemicus en un caballo y determinar su perfil de susceptibilidad a antimicrobianos. Se muestreó una yegua perteneciente a un productor privado de Melena del Sur, Mayabeque, con mucosas pálidas y se tomó un hisopado del tracto genital. El aislado obtenido se identificó mediante el índice de perfil analítico y espectrometría de masas. Se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) de 11 antibióticos (penicilina G, ampicilina, amoxicilina-clavulanato, cefquinoma, imipenem, gentamicina, enrofloxacina, doxiciclina, eritromicina, cloranfenicol y vancomicina) para el aislado. El aislado se identificó como S. zooepidemicus y fue sensible a todos los betalactámicos, eritromicina, cloranfenicol y vancomicina. Presentó un perfil de multirresistencia a gentamicina, enrofloxacina y doxiciclina con valores de CMI de 16 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL y 2 μg/mL, respectivamente. Por primera vez en Cuba se detecta S. zooepidemicus multirresistente a antimicrobianos en la mucosa genital de una yegua. La estrecha interacción entre humanos y caballos, aumenta el riesgo de adquirir estos microorganismos multirresistentes o favorecer su diseminación, por lo que este resultado debe ser considerado en la capacitación del personal con vínculo ocupacional.

ABSTRACT Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing various infections in the respiratory, genital, and urinary tracts of horses and other animals. This species is considered responsible for many emerging zoonotic diseases. There has been an increasing circulation of multidrug-resistant S. zooepidemicus strains in horses, however, there is no information on S. zooepidemicus and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile in Cuban horses. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to report the isolation of S. zooepidemicus in a horse and to determine its antimicrobial susceptibility profile. A mare with pale mucous membranes, owned by a private producer in Melena del Sur, Mayabeque, was sampled, and a swab was taken from the genital tract. The isolate obtained was identified using the analytical profile index and mass spectrometry. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 11 antibiotics (penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefquinome, imipenem, gentamicin, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and vancomycin) was determined for the isolate. The isolate was identified as S. zooepidemicus and it was susceptible to all β-lactam, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and vancomycin. The isolate presented a multidrug resistance profile to gentamicin, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline with MIC values of 16 μg/mL, 2 μg/mL, and 2 μg/mL, respectively. For the first time in Cuba, multidrug-resistant S. zooepidemicus was detected in the genital mucosa of a mare. The close interaction between humans and horses increases the risk of acquiring these multiresistant microorganisms or favoring their dissemination, thus this result should be considered in staff training.

M. hyorhinis is considered one of the etiological agents of arthritis in sucking pigs, but recently as seen, some strains can produce pneumonia that could not be distinguished from the mycoplasmosis caused by M. hyopneumoniae. The study was conducted to research the presence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis ) in different regions of the country from exudates of pig lungs with typical EP lesions. Exudates from 280 pig lungs with typical EP lesions were studied using molecular techniques such as PCR, real time PCR and amplification of the 16S-23S rRNA. It was detected that the 66% of the samples studied resulted positive to M. hyorhinis, and the presence of this species was detected in all the provinces. Amplification and studies on the intergenic region 16S-23S of M. hyorhinis rRNA demonstrated the existing variability among strains of a same species. This study is the first report on M. hyorhinis detection in Cuba.