Este estudo teve como objetivo principal determinar a incidência da colite isquêmica após o reparo de aneurisma de aorta abdominal, bem como identificar fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da mesma. Foram estudados 11 pacientes submetidos a reparo cirúrgico eletivo de aneurisma de aorta abdominal no Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiovascular do HSL-PUCRS. A incidência de colite isquêmica foi determinada através de retossigmoidoscopia flexível, com biópsia, realizada em todos os pacientes no 7º pós-operatório. A incidência da doença foi comparada com variáveis clínicas como: sexo; idade; presença de comorbidades associadas; choque trans-operatório; fluxo na artéria mesentérica inferior (AMI); complicações pós-operatórias; e o desfecho final. Em nossa amostra, a incidência da colite isquêmica após o reparo de aneurisma de aorta abdominal foi 36%, sendo destes 25% da forma gangrenosa. A ocorrência de isquemia do cólon foi mais freqüente em associação com o diagnóstico de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, e em pacientes que apresentavam fluxo na artéria mesentérica inferior no pré-operatório (p<0,05). Em conclusão, neste grupo de pacientes, a incidência de colite isquêmica foi superior à descrita na literatura. A presença de DPOC e pulso na AMI no pré-operatório foram preditivos de ocorrência de colite isquêmica, após o reparo de aneurisma de aorta abdominal.

Ischemic colitis is a relatively uncommon complication following abdominal aortic aneurism repair. However, patients with this disease have higher rates of mortality when compared to ischemic colitis alone. The objective of our study is to investigate the incidence and risk factors associated with the occurrence of ischemic colitis following abdominal aortic aneurism repair. We studied eleven patients treated by surgery for aortic aneurism at Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS (HSL-PUCRS). The patients were evaluated for other clinical conditions and were submitted to flexible reto-sigmoidoscopy at the seventh day after surgery. Incidence of ischemic colitis was 36% and it was associated with chronic obstructive pulmonar disease and the presence of blood flow through the inferior mesenteric artery before surgery. Among the patients with colitis, 25% presented the gangrenous form of the disease. Mortality was 25%, and 75% of the patients have only endoscopic manifestations. In conclusion, incidence of ischemic colitis in our study was higher than observed in the literature and it was associated with chronic obstructive pulmonar disease and the presence of blood flow through the inferior mesenteric artery before the surgical treatment for the aneurism.

Primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is an extremely rare disease, and represents only 0.35 % of all gastrointestinal malignies. Early detection of the disease is dificult because doesn't have pathognomonic simptoms. The Whipple procedure is the optimal method of treatment. The authors relate one case of a adenocarcinoma of the duodenum in a 65- year-old white female with a history of abdominal pain for a six-month period, associated with postprandial fullness, vomiting and weight loss. Endoscopy showed a elevated tumor in the second part of the duodenum, with partial obstruction of the lumen. Histological study of endoscopic biopsies reveled a moderare differentiated adenocarcinoma of the duodenum. The treatment was surgical. The authors comment on the more important aspects of this pathology.

The papiloduodenectomy is a procedure that, although accomplished rarely, has its validity in selected cases of papillary tumors. It is included in this group the patients with important diseases that doesn't have conditions of supporting the surgery of Whipple, the standard procedure for these pathologies. The authors review its experience with four patient carriers of malign neoplasia of the duodenal papila submitted to papiloduodenectomy. All the patients came jaundiced to the admission. The age varied of 62 to 82 years. The ultrassonography, the computed tomography and the endoscopy with biopsy were used for diagnosis and staging, and all the patients presented with initial stages (TI or T2). Two patients were classified as ASA3 and the other two as ASA4, according to the American Society of Anesthesiology. All the diagnoses were proven by the pathological exam of the surgical piece. It is ended that this procedure facilitates to obtain appropriate margins and satisfactory results when indicated of appropriate way.

Small cell carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare tumor described to the first time by Mckeown in 1952. Clinically it is very similar to small cell carcinoma of the lung. with quick evolution and early dissemination.It is more frequent in men between 60 and 70 years of age. The patients usually have dysphagia and weight loss. Most of the tumours arise in the middle and distal third of the esophagus. Chronic alcohol and tobacco use are usually present. The manegement of primary small cell cancer of the esophagus remains controversial with groups reporting treatment based on operation alone, local radiotherapy, chemotherapyalone, or operation with adjuvant therapy. Overall survivel remains poor at a mean of 5.1 months, with the best rate of survivel in patients undergoing operation with adjuvant chemotherapy. The authors relate two cases of a small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Both of these patients was female and white, with 51 and 64 years old. The first mainestation was dysphagia and weight loss. Histologic study from endoscopic biopsies reveled the diagnosis. The treatment was, in the both cases surgery, however in one case, chemotherapy and mediastinal irradiation was associated to the ressection. The authors comment the more important aspects about this pathology and the treatment and survival of the patients.