Resumo: A concepção filosófica oswaldiana da antropofagia como visão de mundo evoca a afirmação de si como motor criador, e não a negação do outro, própria da moral escrava, denunciada por Nietzsche. Entretanto, para Oswald de Andrade, o diagnóstico que Nietzsche faz da cultura ocidental não compreende o potencial primitivo recalcado na América. Oswald diz que sua filosofia antropófaga é também uma realização da filosofia nietzschiana. Acredito que ela pode nos oferecer, entre outras coisas, um caminho para a transvaloração de valores indicada pelo filósofo alemão.

Abstract: The Oswaldian philosophical conception of anthropophagy as “world view” evokes the affirmation of self as creative motor, not as negation of the other, proper to slave morality denounced by Nietzsche. But, for Oswald de Andrade, the occidental culture’s diagnostic made by Nietzsche does not comprehend the primitive potential repressed in America. Oswald says that his anthropophagical philosophy is also an achievement of Nietzsche’s philosophy. I believe that it can offer us, among other things, a path to the revaluation of values indicated by the German philosopher.

The gasification process of solid fuels for the production of gases as H2 and CO is a new technology that has been being developed recently since it is more efficient and clean compared with the present technologies. The implementation of this technology requires the use of refractory materials capable of withstanding high temperatures, thermal shock and aggressive environment. Nowadays there is not published technical literature on refractories used in gasifier furnaces lining to burn petroleum coke (petcoke) at elevated temperatures around 1900°C. Therefore, this research shows the study of refractory based in alumina-magnesium aluminate and alumina as lining options of a petcoke gasifier furnace, which will generate gas for using ¡n the steel production. After the elaboration of the refractory samples, these were subjected to chemical interactions with tablets elaborated of petcoke and synthetic slag of petcoke in a furnace at 1650°C for 4 hours. Once the tests were finished, the refractory samples were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction XRD to evaluate their resistance to slag penetration, slag chemical attack and determine the present phases. The results showed that there were slag penetration and corrosion in the refractory due to the phases formation of hibonite, based aluminate spinel (Ni+2, Fe+2 and Mg+2) and gehlenite. However, these phases together stopped the advance of the molten slag penetration in the evaluated refractory.

Una tecnología que ha incrementado en los últimos años por ser más eficiente y limpia es la del proceso de gasificación de combustibles sólidos mediante la cual se producen gases energizantes como H2 y CO. Implementar esta tecnología requiere la utilización de refractarios capaces de soportar altas temperaturas, choque térmico y el contacto con medios agresivos. No existe hoy en día literatura reportada sobre refractarios empleados en recubrimiento de hornos gasificadores para la quema de coque de petróleo (petcoque) a temperaturas de ~ 1900°C; por tanto, en el presente artículo se plasma el estudio de refractarios base alúmina-aluminato de magnesio y alúmina como candidatos en el recubrimiento de un horno gasificador para la quema de petcoque, proceso mediante el cual se producirán gases para su uso en la producción de acero. Para ello, los refractarios fueron fabricados y sometidos a pruebas de interacción química con tabletas elaboradas de petcoque y escoria sintética de petcoque en un horno a 1650°C durante 4 horas. Tras las pruebas, los refractarios fueron caracterizados mediante Microscopia óptica, Microscopia electrónica de barrido (MEB-EDS) y Difracción de rayosX (DRX) evaluando la resistencia a la penetración y ataque químico de escorias fundías, así como las fases presentes. Los resultados mostraron que existió una penetración y ataque químico en los refractarios dada la formación de las fases hibonita, espinel base aluminato de (Ni+2, Fe+2 y Mg+2) y gehlenita; sin embargo, estas fases lograron frenar el avance de la penetración de la escoria fundida en los refractarios evaluados.