Se analizó la diversidad, estructura y composición florística en dos bosques amazónicos en el oeste de Pando. Se instalaron seis parcelas de una hectárea (100 x 100 m), tres en bosque de tierra firme y tres en bosque de várzea, donde se evaluaron individuos de árboles y liana s con DAP≥10 cm. En total, se registraron 3.425 tallos de árboles, de 380 especies (740 según Chao 2), 187 géneros y 53 familias. Las lianas, registraron 103 tallos, en promedio 18 individuos ha-1 en tierra firme y 17 en várzea. La diversidad arbórea de especies (f= 0.950; p<0.385) e índice de diversidad Shannon-Wiener (f= 0.013; p<0.914) no presentaron diferencias estadísticas significativas: en la várzea se registraron 117±11 especies ha-1 y un índice de Shannon-Wiener de 3.81±0.25; y en tierra firme se registraron 104±7 especies ha-1 y un índice de Shannon-Wiener de 3.78±0.16. La estructura presentó diferencias estadísticas significativas en número de individuos (f= 106.602; p<0.000) y diámetro máximo de los árboles (f= 10.986; p<0.030), siendo que, la várzea registró 657±1.86 árboles ha-1frente a 485±16.5 árboles ha-1en tierra firme. La diversidad beta, expresa que los bosques son diferentes florísticamente: el índice de similitud (Sørensen) es de 32.6 y una similitud cuantitativa (Bray-Curtis) de 15.36%. En la várzea, las especies más importantes fueron Attalea phalerata, Socratea exorrhiza, Virola pavonis y Theobroma cacao; y en tierra firme, fueron Tetragastris altissima, Pseudolmedia laevis, Bertholletia excelsa y Cecropia sciadophylla. Ambos bosques albergan una diversidad relativamente similar, pero difieren significativamente en su estructura y composición florística.

We analyzed the diversity, structure and floristic composition of two types of Amazonian forests in western Pando. Six plots of one hectare (100 x 100 m) were installed, three in térra firme forest and three in várzea forest, where individuáis of trees and lianas with DBH≥10 cm were evaluated. In total, 3,425 tree stems were recorded, of 380 species (740 according to Chao 2), 187 genera and 53 families. The lianas registered 103 stems, an average of 18 individuals ha-1 on the terra firme and 17 in várzea. The arboreal diversity of species (f = 0.950; p <0.385) and Shannon-Wiener diversity Índex (f = 0.013; p <0.914) do not present statistically significant differences: in the várzea to record 117 ± 11 species ha-1 and one Shannon-Wiener index of 3.81 ± 0.25; and on terra firme, 104 ± 7 species ha-1 and a Shannon-Wiener index of 3.78 ± 0.16 were recorded. The structure presented significant differences in number of individuals (f = 106.602; p <0.000) and maximum diameter of the trees (f = 10.986; p <0.030), being that the várzea registered 657 ± 1.86 trees ha-1 compared to 485 ±16.5 trees ha-1 on terra firme. Beta diversity expresses that forests are floristically different: the similarity index (Sørensen) is 32.6 and a quantitative similarity (Bray-Curtis) is 15.36%. In várzea, the most important species were Attalea phalerata, Socratea exorrhiza, Virola pavonis and Theobroma cacao; and on terra firme, they were Tetragastris altissima, Pseudolmedia laevis, Bertholletia excelsa and Cecropia sciadophylla. Both forests harbor a relatively similar diversity, but differ significantly in their structure and floristic composition.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a tendência temporal do tabagismo em estudantes de medicina nos últimos dez anos. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal com estudantes do primeiro ao quinto ano do curso de medicina, em 1996. A amostra foi de 449 alunos que responderam a questionário auto-aplicável. Fumante era aquele que fumava um ou mais cigarros por dia há pelo menos um mês; ex-fumantes foram aqueles que, no período da entrevista, não eram fumantes regulares, mas o haviam sido anteriormente. Pesquisa similar foi realizada em 1986 e 1991. RESULTADOS/CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 11%, comparada com 14% em 1991 e 21% em 1986. Apesar da redução do tabagismo nas três séries estudadas, a queda percentual entre 1996 e 1991 foi menor do que aquela observada entre 1991 e 1986. Em 1996, a prevalência do vício de fumar aumentou conforme o ano cursado. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao sexo. A maioria dos alunos mostrou-se favorável à proibição do fumo em locais de ensino e assistência e afirmaram que o tema era pouco valorizado no currículo da faculdade.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in smoking habits among medical students in the last ten years. METHODS: In 1996, a cross-sectional survey of smoking habits was carried out among students in the first to the fifth year of medical school. Four hundred and nine students answered the questionnaire. A regular smoker was defined as someone who smokes one or more cigarettes a day at least for one month; former smokers were the ones who used to smoke in the past but not at the moment. Similar researchs were conducted in 1986 and 1991. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Smoking prevalence was 11% compared with 14% in 1991 and 21% in 1986. Although there was a significant reduction of smoking in the last three years, the actual decrease from 1991 to 1996 was less than that observed from 1986 to 1991. In 1961, the prevalence of smoking increased in the last years of medical school. There were no significant differences regarding gender. Most of the students were in favor of not allowing smoking in both the school areas and hospital wards. They also mentioned in their questionnaire that smoking was poorly approached during medical school.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a tendência temporal do tabagismo em estudantes de medicina nos últimos dez anos. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se estudo transversal com estudantes do primeiro ao quinto ano do curso de medicina, em 1996. A amostra foi de 449 alunos que responderam a questionário auto-aplicável. Fumante era aquele que fumava um ou mais cigarros por dia há pelo menos um mês; ex-fumantes foram aqueles que, no período da entrevista, não eram fumantes regulares, mas o haviam sido anteriormente. Pesquisa similar foi realizada em 1986 e 1991. RESULTADOS/CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de tabagismo foi de 11%, comparada com 14% em 1991 e 21% em 1986. Apesar da redução do tabagismo nas três séries estudadas, a queda percentual entre 1996 e 1991 foi menor do que aquela observada entre 1991 e 1986. Em 1996, a prevalência do vício de fumar aumentou conforme o ano cursado. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao sexo. A maioria dos alunos mostrou-se favorável à proibição do fumo em locais de ensino e assistência e afirmaram que o tema era pouco valorizado no currículo da faculdade.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate trends in smoking habits among medical students in the last ten years. METHODS: In 1996, a cross-sectional survey of smoking habits was carried out among students in the first to the fifth year of medical school. Four hundred and nine students answered the questionnaire. A regular smoker was defined as someone who smokes one or more cigarettes a day at least for one month; former smokers were the ones who used to smoke in the past but not at the moment. Similar researchs were conducted in 1986 and 1991. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Smoking prevalence was 11% compared with 14% in 1991 and 21% in 1986. Although there was a significant reduction of smoking in the last three years, the actual decrease from 1991 to 1996 was less than that observed from 1986 to 1991. In 1961, the prevalence of smoking increased in the last years of medical school. There were no significant differences regarding gender. Most of the students were in favor of not allowing smoking in both the school areas and hospital wards. They also mentioned in their questionnaire that smoking was poorly approached during medical school.