ABSTRACT The COVID-19-19 pandemic's global impact has accelerated the need for effective vaccines, challenging traditional, time-consuming, and costly vaccinology methods. Immunoinformatics emerges as a promising alternative to expedite vaccine development, thus this study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of its application in formulating SARS-CoV-2 vaccine prototypes. Employing VOSviewer software and data from the Web of Science database, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis. Key metrics included the global distribution of scientific publications, the most productive countries and institutions, influential authors, co-citation and co-authorship networks, and prevalent keywords in immunoinformatics research related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The analysis encompassed 138 scholarly articles, with India emerging as a pivotal contributor, particularly through notable contributions from Adamas and Fakir Mohan universities. The most cited article, authored by Bhattacharya, received 226 citations, while Doytchinova was a prominent cited source, referenced in 96 of the 138 analyzed documents. The study observed substantial collaborative efforts among authors from 45 nations, with 85% of the research concentrated in just six countries. Pakistan demonstrated the highest level of international collaboration, contributing to 15/20 collaborative publications. Keywords such as 'SARS-CoV-2', 'immunoinformatics', and 'prediction' were frequently encountered across most of these documents. This bibliometric analysis elucidates the primary research trends in the field and delineates the global scope and distribution of immunoinformatics studies in the realm of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. These findings offer a vital overview of the current landscape, guiding future research directions and potential collaborative efforts in the pursuit of effective COVID-19 vaccines.

RESUMEN El impacto global de la pandemia de COVID-19 ha acelerado la necesidad de vacunas efectivas, lo que ha desafiado los métodos tradicionales de vacunología que son costosos y consumen mucho tiempo. La inmunoinformática surge como una alternativa prometedora para acelerar el desarrollo de vacunas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo proporcionar un análisis bibliométrico exhaustivo de su aplicación en la formulación de prototipos de vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2. Utilizando el software VOSviewer y datos de la base de datos Web of Science, se realizó un análisis bibliométrico. Las métricas clave incluyeron: la distribución global de publicaciones científicas, los países e instituciones más productivos, autores influyentes, redes de cocitación y coautoría y palabras clave prevalentes en la investigación de inmunoinformática relacionada con las vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2. El análisis abarcó 138 artículos académicos; la India emergió como un contribuyente principal, particularmente a través de contribuciones notables de las universidades Adamas y Fakir Mohan. El artículo más citado fue el de Bhattacharya, que recibió 226 citas; mientras que Doytchinova fue una fuente citada prominente, referenciada en 96 de los 138 documentos analizados. El estudio observó esfuerzos colaborativos sustanciales entre autores de 45 naciones con el 85 % de la investigación concentrada en seis países. Pakistán demostró el nivel más alto de colaboración internacional, al contribuir con 15 de los 20 artículos colaborativos. Palabras clave como 'SARS-CoV-2', 'immunoinformatics' y 'prediction' se encontraron frecuentemente en la mayoría de estos documentos. Este análisis bibliométrico aclara las principales tendencias de investigación en el campo y delinea el alcance global y la distribución de los estudios de inmunoinformática en el ámbito del desarrollo de vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2. Los hallazgos ofrecen una visión vital del panorama actual, guían investigaciones futuras y posibles esfuerzos colaborativos en la búsqueda de vacunas efectivas contra la COVID-19.

Resumo Uma nova espécie de Moenkhausia do rio Culuene, bacia do rio Xingu é descrita aqui através da utilização de dados morfológicos e genéticos. Esta nova espécie difere de todas as suas congêneres por possuir a seguinte combinação de caracteres: a presença da porção posterior do corpo e a base das nadadeiras anal, adiposa e pélvicas avermelhadas em espécimes vivos; uma faixa meio-lateral escura que se estende da margem posterior do opérculo até os raios medianos da nadadeira caudal, tornando-se larga a partir da origem da nadadeira dorsal; ausência de uma mancha na região umeral; ausência de mancha nos lobos da nadadeira caudal; por ter uma concentração de pigmentos escuros na margem anterior dos raios da nadadeira caudal; e presença de 2–3 dentes no maxilar. Uma breve discussão sobre suas prováveis relações com as demais congêneres é apresentada. Culuene genéticos caracteres anal vivos meiolateral meio lateral caudal tornandose tornando dorsal umeral 23 2 3 2– maxilar apresentada

Abstract A new species of Moenkhausia from the rio Culuene, rio Xingu basin, in Mato Grosso State is described here through genetic and morphological data. This new species differs from all congeners by the following combination of characters: the presence of reddish color on the posterior portion of the body, as well as on the base of anal, adipose, and pelvic fins in live specimens; a conspicuous midlateral dark stripe, which extends from posterior margin of opercle to the middle of caudal-fin rays, becoming wider and more conspicuous from the vertical through the dorsal-fin origin; absence of humeral blotch; absence of blotches on caudal-fin lobes; by having the concentration of dark pigments on the anterior margin of the caudal-fin rays; and presence of 2–3 maxillary teeth. A brief discussion about its putative relationships with other congeners is presented. Culuene basin data characters body anal adipose specimens stripe caudalfin caudal fin rays dorsalfin dorsal origin blotch lobes 23 2 3 2– teeth presented

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar o perfil e o desfecho clínico de pacientes que desenvolveram Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação em Assistência Domiciliar privada e comparar a incidência com dados nacionais. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, com coleta entre julho de 2021 e junho de 2022 em prontuários de pacientes de uma instituição privada, sendo excluídos a ventilação intermitente e a ausência de suporte ventilatório. Resultados: a taxa de utilização de ventilação mecânica foi de 15,9%. A densidade de pneumonia na pediatria foi de 2,2 casos por 1000 ventilações-dia e em adultos de 1,7 casos por 1000 ventilações-dia, dados inferiores aos reportados pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Ocorreram 101 episódios de pneumonia em 73 pacientes, em sua maioria do sexo masculino (65,8%), adultos (53,4%) e com doenças neurológicas (57,5%). O regime de tratamento prevaleceu no domicílio (80,2%) e ocorreu um óbito. Conclusões: os pacientes em Assistência Domiciliar apresentaram baixa incidência e mortalidade por pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Objetivos nacionais Métodos retrospectivo 202 ventilatório Resultados 159 15 9 15,9% 22 2 2, 100 ventilaçõesdia ventilações dia 17 1 7 1, ventilaçõesdia, dia, Sanitária 10 65,8%, 658 65,8% , 65 8 (65,8%) 53,4% 534 53 4 (53,4% 57,5%. 575 57,5% . 57 5 (57,5%) 80,2% 802 80 (80,2% óbito Conclusões 20 15,9 65,8 6 (65,8% 53,4 (53,4 57,5 (57,5% 80,2 (80,2 15, 65, (65,8 53, (53, 57, (57,5 80, (80, (65, (53 (57, (80 (65 (5 (57 (8 (6 (

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the profile and clinical outcomes of patients who developed Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in private home care and to compare the incidence with national data. Methods: this was a retrospective study with data collected from July 2021 to June 2022 from patient records at a private clinic. Patients using intermittent ventilation or without ventilatory support were excluded. Results: the utilization rate of mechanical ventilation was 15.9%. The incidence density of pneumonia in pediatrics was 2.2 cases per 1000 ventilation-days and in adults was 1.7 cases per 1000 ventilation-days, figures lower than those reported by the National Health Surveillance Agency. There were 101 episodes of pneumonia in 73 patients, predominantly male (65.8%), adults (53.4%), and those with neurological diseases (57.5%). The treatment regimen predominantly took place at home (80.2%), and there was one death. Conclusions: patients in home care showed a low incidence and mortality rate from ventilator-associated pneumonia. Objectives VentilatorAssociated Ventilator Associated VAP (VAP Methods 202 clinic excluded Results 159 15 9 15.9% 22 2 2. 100 ventilationdays days 17 1 7 1. ventilationdays, days, Agency 10 65.8%, 658 65.8% , 65 8 (65.8%) 53.4%, 534 53.4% 53 4 (53.4%) 57.5%. 575 57.5% . 57 5 (57.5%) 80.2%, 802 80.2% 80 (80.2%) death Conclusions ventilatorassociated ventilator associated 20 15.9 65.8 6 (65.8% 53.4 (53.4% 57.5 (57.5% 80.2 (80.2% 15. 65. (65.8 53. (53.4 57. (57.5 80. (80.2 (65. (53. (57. (80. (65 (53 (57 (80 (6 (5 (8 (

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar el perfil y el desenlace clínico de pacientes que desarrollaron Neumonía Asociada a la Ventilación en Asistencia Domiciliaria privada y comparar la incidencia con datos nacionales. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, con recolección de datos entre julio de 2021 y junio de 2022 en registros médicos de una clínica privada, excluyendo la ventilación intermitente y la ausencia de soporte ventilatorio. Resultados: la tasa de utilización de ventilación mecánica fue del 15,9%. La densidad de neumonía en pediatría fue de 2,2 casos por 1000 ventilaciones-día y en adultos de 1,7 casos por 1000 ventilaciones-día, datos inferiores a los reportados por la Agencia Nacional de Vigilancia Sanitaria. Se registraron 101 episodios de neumonía en 73 pacientes, en su mayoría varones (65,8%), adultos (53,4%) y con enfermedades neurológicas (57,5%). El régimen de tratamiento prevaleció en el domicilio (80,2%) y se registró un deceso. Conclusiones: los pacientes en Asistencia Domiciliaria presentaron baja incidencia y mortalidad por neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica. Objetivos nacionales Métodos retrospectivo 202 ventilatorio Resultados 159 15 9 15,9% 22 2 2, 100 ventilacionesdía ventilaciones día 17 1 7 1, ventilacionesdía, día, Sanitaria 10 65,8%, 658 65,8% , 65 8 (65,8%) 53,4% 534 53 4 (53,4% 57,5%. 575 57,5% . 57 5 (57,5%) 80,2% 802 80 (80,2% deceso Conclusiones 20 15,9 65,8 6 (65,8% 53,4 (53,4 57,5 (57,5% 80,2 (80,2 15, 65, (65,8 53, (53, 57, (57,5 80, (80, (65, (53 (57, (80 (65 (5 (57 (8 (6 (

Resumo Dados morfológicos e moleculares apoiam a descrição de uma nova espécie de Aequidens do alto rio Correntes, considerada aqui como uma espécie endêmica da bacia do alto rio Paraguai, no bioma Cerrado no Brasil. A nova espécie distingue-se de todas as congêneres, exceto de Aequidensplagiozonatus, por apresentar barras laterais marrom-escuras oblíquas em direção anterodorsal vs. barras verticais nos flancos. Além disso, distingue-se de algumas espécies por apresentar uma faixa lateral descontínua e pela presença de uma mancha escura na porção entre a órbita e a margem preopercular. A nova espécie difere de A. plagiozonatus por apresentar o perfil da parte dorsal da cabeça (em vista lateral) aproximadamente reta, com uma concavidade conspícua na porção interorbital, e pelo maior comprimento das maxilas superior e inferior. Além disso, análises de delimitação baseadas em dados mitocondriais oferecem evidência a favor da validade da espécie. Nossos dados também revelaram a ocorrência e, consequentemente, o primeiro registro de A. plagiozonatus na bacia do alto rio Araguaia, provavelmente devido a eventos de captura de cabeceiras. Correntes Paraguai Brasil distinguese distingue se congêneres Aequidensplagiozonatus marromescuras marrom escuras vs flancos disso preopercular reta interorbital inferior consequentemente Araguaia cabeceiras

Abstract Morphological and molecular data support the description of a new Aequidens species from the upper rio Correntes, considered herein as endemic to the upper rio Paraguai basin in the Cerrado biome in Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners, except from A. plagiozonatus by having anteriorly oblique dark brown flank bars vs. vertical flank bars, and is additionally distinguished from some congeners by showing a discontinuous lateral band and presence of a dark cheek spot. The new species differs from Aequidensplagiozonatus by having the profile of the dorsal part of head almost straight (in lateral view), with a conspicuous concavity at the interorbital, and by the longer length of upper and lower jaws. Furthermore, delimitation analyses based on mitochondrial data provide additional support for the validity of the species. Our study data also revealed the occurrence, and consequently the first record, of A.plagiozonatus in the upper rio Araguaia basin, which was most likely driven by headwater capture events. Correntes Brazil A vs spot view, view , view) interorbital jaws Furthermore occurrence record Aplagiozonatus events

Abstract The deep sea environment is the largest environment and host some of the most extreme ecosystems on Earth, therefore, possessing a large and unique fish diversity that encompasses about 15% of all known species. Our knowledge about these fishes is still very limited in many biological fields basically due to the complexity to obtain specimens for research. In the present study, we describe the complete mitochondrial genome of Argentina brasiliensis, aiming a species characterization and the study of the phylogenetic relationships in the order Argentiniformes. The mitogenome is composed by 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region (D-loop), as found in other vertebrates. The phylogenetic results show that the order Argentiniformes is composed by two family groups the first formed by Argentinidae and Opisthoproctidae and the second formed by Bathylagidae and Microstomatidae. Additionally, we found that the genus Argentina is not monophyletic, and we suggest additional studies in the family Argentinidae to better investigate this question. Earth therefore 15 research brasiliensis 1 proteincoding protein coding genes Dloop, Dloop D loop , (D-loop) vertebrates Microstomatidae Additionally monophyletic question (D-loop

Abstract The type series of Leporinus paranensis includes two distinct species, one of which is herein described as new. Leporinus paranensis is redescribed based on its holotype, two paratypes, and additional specimens recently sampled in tributaries of the Grande River, in the north portion of the upper Paraná basin in Brazil. A new species of Leporinus is described based on specimens collected in all major tributaries of the upper Paraná basin in Brazil, and tributaries of the Paraná River in Paraguay. Both species share the presence of three unicuspid teeth on the premaxillary and four on the dentary, a terminal mouth and three dark midlateral blotches on the body. The new species is distinguished from L. paranensis based on the number of scale series around the caudal peduncle (12 vs. 16). Despite the similar body shape, species delimitation analyses using DNA barcodes, applied to compare samples of the new species to congeners, corroborated the uniqueness of the new species. In addition, molecular data revealed that L. bahiensis, L. octofasciatus, and L. taeniatus are possibly closely related to the L. paranensis species group. Conservation statuses of L. paranensis and the new species are recommended based on the IUCN criteria. holotype paratypes Brazil Paraguay dentary L 12 (1 vs 16. 16 . 16) shape barcodes congeners addition bahiensis octofasciatus group criteria 1 (

Resumo Isbrueckerichthys é um gênero de cascudinhos (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) que reúne cinco espécies morfológicas nas terras baixas da bacia do Ribeira de Iguape e nas terras altas da bacia do rio Tibagi. Apesar da validação das espécies morfológicas, estudos moleculares não tinham sido realizados para investigar o fluxo gênico e delimitação molecular das espécies. Para tanto, comparamos sequências da região COI associadas à identificação molecular por código de barras visando uma análise de delimitação de espécies e dados populacionais entre I. alipionis, I. epakmos, I. duseni, I. cf. duseni, I. saxicola e I. calvus. Os dados de distância genética K2P, a análise de delimitação molecular de espécies e ramos bem sustentados na árvore filogenética validam I. alipionis, I. epakmos e I. duseni, e sugere I. cf. duseni como unidade taxonômica operacional molecular. Ainda, não foram observadas diferenças entre I. saxicola e I. calvus. A discordância entre espécies moleculares e morfológicas pode ser devida à recente dispersão e diversificação de alguns representantes de Isbrueckerichthys na fronteira das bacias de Ribeira de Iguape e Tibagi. Características de isolamento da região serrana da bacia do Ribeira de Iguape e eventos de capturas de cabeceiras para terras altas foram utilizadas para explicar a dispersão e os casos de especiação incipiente em algumas linhagens de Isbrueckerichthys. Siluriformes (Siluriformes Loricariidae Tibagi tanto I alipionis cf calvus K2P KP K P Ainda

Abstract Isbrueckerichthys is a genus of armored catfish (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with five species in the lowlands from the Ribeira de Iguape basin and in the uplands of the Tibagi River basin. Despite the validation of the morphological species, molecular data to investigate gene flow and species delimitation have not been completed for all species. For this purpose, we compared sequences of COI region associated with barcoding molecular identification, aiming for a species delimitation analysis and generating population data of I. alipionis, I. epakmos, I. duseni, I. cf. duseni, I. saxicola, and I. calvus. The K2P genetic distance, molecular species delimitation analysis, and well-sustained branches in the phylogenetic tree validate I. alipionis, I. epakmos, and I. duseni, and suggest I. cf. duseni as a valid molecular operational taxonomic unit. However, no differences were detected between I. saxicola and I. calvus. The discordance between molecular and morphological species may be due to the recent dispersal of some Isbrueckerichthys representatives at the border between the Ribeira de Iguape and Tibagi basins. The isolation features of the mountainous region of Ribeira de Iguape basin and headwaters captures to uplands are presented to explain the dispersion and the cases of incipient speciation in Isbrueckerichthys lineages. Siluriformes (Siluriformes Loricariidae purpose identification I alipionis epakmos cf calvus KP K P distance wellsustained well sustained unit However basins lineages

Abstract Introduction: Home Care (HC) is directly responsible for reducing the demand for hospital beds in Brazil. Brazilian Home Hospitalization model in the private sector was built on continuous nursing care for the last 30-years without further review. Objectives: Find if Brazilian Home Hospitalization model aligns with the different HC models in effect around the world, evaluate its limitations and challenges and propose a new cost-effective model of domiciliary care in Brazil called Hospital at Home (HaH). Method: Review of articles published in databases, conference proceedings, clinical practice guidelines, and government regulations between 2006-2022. 920 patients receiving care in the Home Hospitalization modality by a private HC company in Brazil were analyzed in November 2022. Results: European and North American HC models are not built on continuous nursing care. 920 patients receiving care in the Home Hospitalization modality by a private HC company in Brazil had their eligibility assessed in November 2022 to be included in the new HaH model, proposed with 10 evidence-based pillars where a multidisciplinary team is aided by a care partner engagement approach and a clinical management strategy based on data analysis supported by digital health resources. Conclusions: We believe the HaH model will reshape home hospitalization in Brazil, set up the groundwork for value-based Home Care and contribute to the sustainability of Brazilian HC.

Resumen Introducción: Home Care (HC) es directamente responsable por la reducción de la demanda de camas hospitalarias en Brasil. El modelo brasileño de hospitalización domiciliaria en el sector privado se basó en la atención continua de enfermería durante los últimos 30 años sin revisión adicional. Objetivos: Descubrir si el modelo brasileño de hospitalización domiciliaria se alinea con los diferentes modelos HC vigentes en todo el mundo, analizar sus limitaciones y desafíos y proponer un nuevo modelo rentable de atención domiciliaria en Brasil llamado Hospital at Home (HaH). Método: Revisión de artículos publicados en bases de datos, actas de congresos, guías de práctica clínica y regulaciones gubernamentales entre 2006-2022. Se analizaron 920 pacientes atendidos en la modalidad de Hospitalización Domiciliaria por una empresa privada de HC en Brasil en noviembre de 2022. Resultados: Los modelos de HC europeos y norteamericanos no se basan en cuidados de enfermería continuos. Si analizó la elegibilidad de 920 pacientes atendidos en la modalidad de Hospitalización Domiciliaria por una empresa privada de HC en Brasil en noviembre de 2022 para inclusión en el nuevo modelo HaH, propuesto con 10 pilares basados en evidencia donde un equipo multidisciplinario es ayudado por enfoque de participación del socio de atención y una estrategia de gestión clínica basada en análisis de datos apoyados en recursos digitales de salud. Conclusiones: Creemos que el modelo HaH remodelará la hospitalización domiciliaria en Brasil, establecerá las bases para la atención domiciliaria basada en el valor y contribuirá a la sostenibilidad de la HC brasileña.

Abstract The risk of pregnancy loss in mares leads to the use of exogenous hormones to help pregnancy maintenance. The objective was to evaluate the proportion of thyroid hormones and steroids in neonates, in the following postpartum period, born to mares fed with synthetic progesterone and to verify the existence of a correlation between the level of progesterone between mother and neonate. Twenty-seven mares and their foals were used. The animals were divided into 5 experimental groups: group 1 (control, without hormonal supplementation), group 2 (random samples fed to 120 days of pregnancy with long-term progesterone), group 3 (mares fed with short-term progesterone as of 280.º day of pregnancy), group 4 (mares fed with long-term progesterone as of 280.º day of pregnancy) and group 5 (mares fed with synthetic hormone [altrenogest] as of 280.º day of pregnancy). The animal’s blood collection took place immediately after parturition for the hormonal measurement. The hormones measured in neonates were total T3, free T4, TSH, progesterone and cortisone. In mares, only levels of progesterone. The groups of neonates showed no difference on levels of total T3, free T4, TSH and progesterone. There was no difference on levels of progesterone in mares among the groups. Neonates from groups 4 and 5 had higher and lower cortisone levels, respectively. No neonate showed clinical change. There was also no correlation between levels of progesterone in mares and foals. Thus, hormonal supplementation with long-term progesterone as of 280 days of pregnancy leds to an increase in the neonate's cortisone levels, in the meantime, supplementation with altrenogest as of 280 days of pregnancy caused a decrease on cortisone levels in foals, despite clinical signs have not been observed on these animals. maintenance period Twentyseven Twenty seven used control, control (control supplementation, , supplementation) random 12 longterm long term progesterone, progesterone) shortterm short 280º º pregnancy, [altrenogest pregnancy. . animal s measurement T3 T T4 respectively change Thus 28 meantime

Resumo Spintherobolus papilliferus é um caracídeo endêmico da Mata Atlântica e ameaçado de extinção, conhecido de localidades esparsas na bacia do alto rio Tietê, região metropolitana da cidade de São Paulo, e de um afluente do rio Itapanhaú, um riacho costeiro em Bertioga, Estado de São Paulo. Em 2020, S. papilliferus foi amostrada na bacia do rio Ribeira de Iguape em Juquitiba, São Paulo, representando um novo registro de distribuição. Comparamos 17 caracteres morfométricos e seis merísticos dos exemplares com dados dos rios Tietê e Itapanhaú. Houve sobreposição nos valores dos dados exceto em cinco medidas cujos valores são menores no rio Ribeira de Iguape. MANOVA e LDA revelaram que esta população difere significativamente das demais populações, sendo estes exemplares caracterizados pelas menores alturas do corpo e pedúnculo caudal, dentre outras características. Estas diferenças morfológicas possivelmente decorrem de pressões ambientais, pois a drenagem do rio Ribeira de Iguape possui ambientes de corredeiras velozes que podem influenciar no formato do corpo dos peixes. DNA-barcoding de todas as espécies de Spintherobolus corroborou que a população do rio Ribeira de Iguape pertence à S. papilliferus. Apresentamos também uma hipótese para a distribuição disjunta de S. papilliferus envolvendo captura de cabeceiras e discutimos implicações para a conservação dessa espécie ameaçada. extinção Paulo Itapanhaú Bertioga 2020 S Juquitiba 1 populações caudal características ambientais peixes DNAbarcoding DNA barcoding ameaçada 202 20 2

Abstract Spintherobolus papilliferus is an endangered characid endemic of the Atlantic Rainforest, known from sparse locations in the upper rio Tietê basin around the metropolitan area of São Paulo city, and from an affluent of rio Itapanhaú, a coastal stream in Bertioga, São Paulo State. In 2020, S. papilliferus was sampled from the rio Ribeira de Iguape basin in Juquitiba, São Paulo State, representing a new distributional record. We compared 17 morphometric and six meristic characters from all specimens with data from the rios Tietê and Itapanhaú. An overlap in the morphological data from the three populations was detected, except for five measure whose values are lower in rio Ribeira de Iguape. MANOVA and LDA revealed that this population differs significantly from the other two, showing shallower body and caudal peduncle, among other features. These morphological differences may be due to environmental selective pressures since rio Ribeira de Iguape drainage is marked by fast waters which can influence the shape of fish bodies over time. DNA-barcoding of all Spintherobolus species corroborate that the rio Ribeira de Iguape population belongs to S. papilliferus. We also present a hypothesis for the disjunct distribution of S. papilliferus involving headwater capture and discuss the implications for the conservation of this endangered species. Rainforest city Itapanhaú Bertioga State 2020 S Juquitiba record 1 detected two peduncle features time DNAbarcoding DNA barcoding 202 20 2

Resumo Neste estudo, uma nova espécie de Rhyacoglanis é descrita para a bacia do rio Jamanxim, bacia do rio Tapajós. A nova espécie difere de congêneres com base na combinação dos seguintes caracteres diagnósticos: duas faixas escuras oblíquas formadas por um aglomerado de melanóforos na região predorsal, confluência dorsal entre as faixas subdorsais escuras e subadiposas em adultos grandes, confluência ventral entre as faixas subadiposas escuras e do pedúnculo caudal em adultos grandes, corpo sem manchas escuras proeminentes de cor marrom, faixa escura completa no pedúnculo caudal, corpo com três faixas escuras e uma fina faixa escura na nadadeira caudal, espinho da nadadeira peitoral com serrilhas anteriores distribuídas ao longo de toda a margem, extremidade posterior do processo pós-cleitral atingindo verticalmente a base do espinho da nadadeira dorsal, hipural 5 livre dos hipurais 3 e 4 e lobos da nadadeira caudal pontiagudos. Adicionalmente, nossos resultados filogenéticos moleculares utilizando elementos ultraconservados (UCEs) corroboram a nova espécie como Rhyacoglanis é irmã de uma espécie não descrita de Rhyacoglanis da bacia do rio Xingu. Além disso, como apontado em estudos anteriores, confirmamos que Cruciglanis é um grupo irmão de Pseudopimelodus mais Rhyacoglanis. estudo Jamanxim Tapajós diagnósticos predorsal grandes marrom margem póscleitral pós cleitral pontiagudos Adicionalmente UCEs (UCEs Xingu disso

Abstract In this study, a new species of Rhyacoglanis is described from the Jamanxim River basin, Tapajós River basin. The new species differs from congeners based on the combination of the following diagnostic characters: two oblique dark bands formed by an agglomerate of melanophores on the predorsal region; dorsal confluence between the dark subdorsal and subadipose bands in large juveniles and adults; ventral confluence between the dark subadipose and caudal peduncle bands; body without conspicuous dark brown spots; complete dark band on caudal peduncle; body with three dark bands; a thin dark caudal-fin band; pectoral-fin spine with anterior serrae distributed along the entire margin; the posterior tip of the post-cleithral process reaching vertical through the base of the dorsal-fin spine; and hypural 5 free of hypural 3 and 4 and pointed caudal-fin lobes. Additionally, our molecular phylogenetic results using ultraconserved elements (UCEs) corroborate the new species as Rhyacoglanis and sister to an undescribed species of Rhyacoglanis from the Xingu River basin. Moreover, as pointed out in previous studies, we confirm Cruciglanis as a sister group to Pseudopimelodus plus Rhyacoglanis. study basin characters region adults spots caudalfin fin pectoralfin pectoral margin postcleithral post cleithral dorsalfin lobes Additionally UCEs (UCEs Moreover studies

Abstract Chicken broilers digestibility and performance fed with different ME levels, with and without adjustments of digestible lysine, calcium, and available phosphorus, were evaluated. For digestibility, 210 male Cobb 500 chicken broilers were used and distributed into a 3x2+1 factorial arrangement, with three ME levels (3050; 3125 and 3200 kcal/kg) with and without nutrient adjustment, plus one control treatment (2975 kcal ME/kg), totaling seven treatments including six repetitions with five birds into each repetition. For initial performance, 1120 birds were distributed randomly with eight replications within treatments and 20 birds for each replication. For final performance, 1008 chickens were distributed with eight replications and 18 birds for each replication. The DCDM and DCCP were improved (P<0.05) according to the increase of ME and the adjustment in dietary nutrients, as well as GE digestibility. The final performance showed no interaction (P>0.05) between energy and nutrient adjustment, but the increase in energy levels improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR=1.370). Increasing energy density with nutrient adjustment improves both nutrient utilization and bird performance. lysine calcium phosphorus evaluated 21 50 3x21 x 3x2 1 3x2+ arrangement 3050 (3050 312 320 kcal/kg kcalkg kg 2975 (297 ME/kg, MEkg ME/kg , ME/kg) repetition 112 2 replication 100 P<0.05 P005 P 0 05 (P<0.05 nutrients P>0.05 (P>0.05 FCR=1.370. FCR1370 FCR FCR=1.370 . 370 (FCR=1.370) 5 3x 305 (305 31 32 297 (29 11 10 P<0.0 P00 (P<0.0 P>0.0 (P>0.0 FCR137 FCR=1.37 37 (FCR=1.370 30 (30 3 29 (2 P<0. P0 (P<0. P>0. (P>0. FCR13 FCR=1.3 (FCR=1.37 (3 ( P<0 (P<0 P>0 (P>0 FCR1 FCR=1. (FCR=1.3 P< (P< P> (P> FCR=1 (FCR=1. (P FCR= (FCR=1 (FCR= (FCR

Resumo O peixe-espada, Trichiurus lepturus, é um predador oportunista, voraz e piscívoro. Os estudos do comportamento alimentar dos peixes com base na análise do conteúdo estomacal são limitados pelo potencial de identificação visual do material ingerido. No entanto, ferramentas moleculares, em particular o DNA barcode, têm sido utilizadas com sucesso para identificar o conteúdo do estômago. Quando as análises morfológicas não são possíveis, essas ferramentas moleculares podem identificar com precisão os componentes da dieta de um peixe com base em seu conteúdo estomacal. Este estudo utilizou o mini barcode (uma sequencia parcial do gene COI do DNA mitocondrial) para identificar alimentos ingeridos por T. lepturus no litoral Norte do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Quarenta e seis sequências foram obtidas e combinadas com seis espécies diferentes de peixes: Pimelodus maculatus, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Isopisthus parvipinnis, Opisthonema oglinum, Harengula clupeola e Pellona harroweri ou como pertencente aos gêneros Lycengraulis e Sardinella. Trichiurus lepturus é um predador oportunista que explora qualquer presa disponível que possua tamanho apropriado. Os resultados indicam que esses peixes migram para águas mais quentes em determinadas épocas do ano, como as encontradas em ambientes estuarinos, onde exploram espécies que se reproduzem neste ambiente. Um exemplo foi Pimelodus maculatus, sendo a espécie mais explorada por T. lepturus, a partir da análise do material coletado.

Abstract The largehead hairtail, Trichiurus lepturus, is an opportunistic, voracious, and piscivorous predator. Studies of fish feeding behavior based on the analysis of stomach contents are limited by the potential for the visual identification of the ingesta. However, molecular tools, in particular DNA barcoding, have been used successfully to identify stomach contents. When morphological analyses are not possible, molecular tools can precisely identify the components of the diet of a fish based on its stomach contents. This study used mini barcoding to identify food items ingested by T. lepturus off the northern coast of São Paulo State, Brazil. Forty-six sequences were obtained and were diagnosed as belonging to six different fish species: Pimelodus maculatus, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Isopisthus parvipinnis, Opisthonema oglinum, Harengula clupeola, and Pellona harroweri or as belonging to the genera Lycengraulis and Sardinella. Trichiurus lepturus is an opportunistic predator that will exploit an available prey of an appropriate size. The results indicate that these fish migrate to warmer waters, such as those found in estuarine environments, at certain times of the year, where they exploit prey species that reproduce in this environment. One example was Pimelodus maculatus, which was the prey species most exploited based on the analysis of the material collected.