RESUMO Introdução: o ácido valpróico (VPA), droga epigenética, apresenta-se com potencial para o tratamento de neoplasias. Estudam-se seus efeitos sobre a cicatrização do plano peritônio-músculo-aponeurótico (PMA) da parede abdominal. Método: sessenta ratos Wistar, foram alocados em dois grupos: o experimental (VPA) e o controle (cloreto de sódio 0,9%), tratados diariamente, iniciando três dias antes da intervenção e até a eutanásia. Sob anestesia, fez-se uma laparotomia mediana que foi reparada com dois planos de síntese. As avaliações aconteceram 3, 7 e 14 dias após a cirurgia. Estudou-se a integridade das feridas, a qualidade da reação inflamatória, a intensidade do infiltrado de leucócitos, a síntese do colágeno, a intensidade da angiogênese e a presença de miofibroblastos. Resultados: o plano PMA mostrou-se deiscente em 11 dos 30 animais (p=0,001) do grupo experimento. Não houve diferença na qualidade da reação inflamatória e nem no infiltrado de leucócitos. A imuno-histoquímica revelou, no grupo experimento, menos colágeno I (p3=0,003, p7=0,013 e p14=0,001) e mais colágeno III (p3=0,003, p7=0,013 e p14= 0,001). Colágeno avaliado pelo Sirus Supra Red F3BA mostrou, no grupo experimento,menos colágeno nos três tempo (p<0,001) com menos colágeno I e colágeno III (p<0,001). Constatou-se menor número de vasos no 3º dia (p<0,001) e no 7º dia (p=0,001) e não afetou a quantidade de miofibroblastos. Conclusão: o VPA mostrou deiscências do plano PMA, com reação inflamatória semelhante.ao controle, menor deposição de colágeno total e de colágeno I, menor atividade angiogênica, sem interferir na quantidade de miofibroblastos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: valproic acid (VPA), an epigenetic drug, has potential for the treatment of neoplasms. Its effects on the healing of the peritoneal-musculo-aponeurotic plane (PMA) of the abdominal wall are studied. Method: sixty Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: experimental (VPA) and control (0.9% sodium chloride), treated daily, starting three days before the intervention and until euthanasia. Under anesthesia, a median laparotomy was performed and repaired with two synthetic layers. Assessments took place 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery. The integrity of the wounds, the quality of the inflammatory reaction, the intensity of the leukocyte infiltrate, collagen synthesis, the intensity of angiogenesis and the presence of myofibroblasts were studied. Results: there was dehiscence of the PMA plane in 11 of the 30 animals (p=0.001) in the experimental group. There was no difference in the quality and intensity of the inflammatory reaction. Immunohistochemistry revealed, in the experimental group, less collagen I (p3=0.003, p7=0.013 and p14=0.001) and more collagen III (p3=0.003, p7=0.013 and p14= 0.001). Collagen evaluated by Sirus Supra Red F3BA showed, in the experimental group, less collagen at all three times (p<0.001) with less collagen I and collagen III (p<0.001). A lower number of vessels was found on the 3rd day (p<0.001) and on the 7th day (p=0.001) and did not affect the number of myofibroblasts. Conclusion: VPA showed dehiscence of the PMA plane, with less deposition of total collagen and collagen I, less angiogenic activity, without interfering with the number of myofibroblasts.

RESUMO: Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner: 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) é uma das principais pragas que acometem a cultura da soja, causando desfolha. Nos estágios vegetativos a desfolha ocorre juntamente com ervas daninhas, e no reprodutivo com patógenos. Nesse sentido, para manter a fitossanidade, é necessário realizar a utilização combinada de pesticidas. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a compatibilidade do vírus entomopatogênico AgMNPV com os principais herbicidas e fungicidas utilizados na soja em diferentes tempos de mistura. A dieta artificial foi imersa nas soluções dos pesticidas e suas misturas e fornecida às lagartas de A. gemmatalis, imediatamente e após uma e duas horas de mistura. A avaliação foi realizada quantificando o número de lagartas mortas. A mistura do vírus AgMNPV com herbicidas e fungicidas, mesmo após duas horas de mistura se mostrou compatível. Os cenários observados mostram a compatibilidade do vírus com os herbicidas e fungicidas, com percentuais de mortalidade entre 70 a 99% para A. gemmatalis.

ABSTRACT: Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner: 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is one of the main pests that affect soybean crops, causing defoliation. In the vegetative stages, defoliation occurs together with weeds, and in the reproductive stages with pathogens. In this sense, to maintain plant health, it is necessary to carry out the combined use of pesticides. Thus, this research determined the compatibility of the entomopathogenic virus AgMNPV with the main herbicides and fungicides used in soy at different times of the mixture. The artificial diet was immersed in the solutions of the pesticides and their mixtures and supplied to A. gemmatalis caterpillars, immediately and after one and two hours of mixing. The evaluation was performed by quantifying the number of dead caterpillars by mixing the AgMNPV virus with herbicides and fungicides, even after two hours of mixing if compatible. The observed scenarios showed a compatibility of the virus with the herbicides and fungicides, with mortality rates between 70 to 99% for A. gemmatalis.

ABSTRACT Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been introduced as useful inflammatory markers to predict the outcome of a wide spectrum of diseases, such as malignancies and cardiovascular pathologies. Limited evidence is available for their role in end-stage renal disease and dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate NLR and PLR as predictors of mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: In this retrospective study 122 incident PD patients between 2004 and 2019 were included. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Relationships between NLR, PLR and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were evaluated by Spearman correlation test. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to determine the association of NLR and PLR with all-cause mortality. Results: Mean levels of NLR and PLR were 3.99±2.6 and 195.5±101.7, respectively. Both NLR and PLR were significantly and positively correlated with serum hs-CRP levels (r=0.340, p<0.001 and r=0.360, p<0.001, respectively). The overall mortality rate was 18.9% after a mean follow-up of 30.2±24.0 months. On multivariable modeling, we found that higher NLR (HR=1.662, 95%CI 1.117-2.472) and higher PLR (HR=1.010, 95%CI 1.004-1.015), in addition to lower residual renal function and higher Charlson comorbidity index were significant independent predictors of poor survival, when adjusted for nutritional status. Discussion: In this study, NLR and PLR were validated as inflammatory markers and predicted survival in our PD patients. Our results suggest that NLR might be a better indicator of mortality than PLR.

ABSTRACT The warm-up is fundamental to optimize physical activity and exercise performance. However, little is known about the effect of warm-up in resistance training and strength performance. We performed a systematic review to synthesize and analyze the effects of different warm-up strategies in maximal and submaximal strength during resistance exercises. A search for studies was performed on four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect) for original research published between May 1973 and December 2019. Eleven articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies evaluated the effects of warm-up on maximal strength and the number of repetitions until failure. The results were not consensual regarding the use of general warm-up followed by a specific warm-up. Moreover, while some studies showed that specific warm-up did not lead to different results than without warm-up, others found that performing only the specific warm-up was the best way to obtain maximal strength performance. It seemed that the maximal strength and the number of repetitions could be positively affected when a specific warm-up is performed at loads close to the maximum. Further studies are needed to deepen the knowledge about the preparation procedures for optimizing resistance exercise performances.

Malaria is nowadays one of the most serious health concerns in a global scale and, although there is an evident increase in research studies in this area, pointed by the vast number of hits and leads, it still appears as a recurrent topic every year due to the drug resistance shown by the parasite exposing the urgent need to develop new antimalarial medications. In this work, 38 molecules were synthesized via copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) or “click” chemistry, following different routes to produce 2 different organic azides, obtained from a 4,7 dicholoquinoline, reacted with 19 different commercially available terminal alkynes. All those new compounds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against the chloroquine resistant malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (W2). The cytotoxicity evaluation was accomplished using Hep G2 cells and SI index was calculated for every molecule. Some of the quinoline derivatives have shown high antimalarial activity, with IC50 values in the range of 1.72-8.66 µM, low cytotoxicity, with CC50>1000 µM and selectivity index (SI) in the range of 20-100, with some compounds showing SI>800. Therefore, the quinolinotriazole hybrids could be considered a very important step on the development of new antimalarial drugs.

Monoclonal gammopathies consist of a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma (MM). Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disorder and accounts for 10% of all hematological malignancies and 1% of all malignancies. Differential diagnosis may be challenging, considering the variety of clinical entities with similar behavior. About 15-20% of MM only secretes monoclonal light chains, called light chain MM, which is associated with poorer outcome. Two intermediate concepts were recently introduced, monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) and a wider concept of monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS). The former behaves as a clonal proliferative disorder with associated nephrotoxicity, but does not have the hematological criteria for MM, while MGCS expands this concept to other organs. A subtype of MGCS is monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, a multisystemic disorder characterized by light or heavy chain deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulin in various organs and encompasses three clinical entities: Light-Chain, Light-and Heavy-Chain, and Heavy-Chain Deposition Disease (LCDD, LHCDD and HCDD, respectively). We describe an unusual case of LCDD in which MM was subsequently considered although the proposed criteria are not met. We demonstrate the variability of clinical-pathological presentation of LCDD, requiring a rapid decision-making, particularly in terms of kidney and survival outcomes.

Resumo Os efeitos do uso de agrotóxicos sobre a saúde humana é um problema que tem merecido atenção da comunidade científica em todo o mundo, sobretudo nos países centrais, onde se observa o maior número de mortes decorrentes da exposição humana a esses agentes. Mediante o progresso da agroindustrialização, garantiu-se o aumento da produção e da produtividade, todavia, não se considerou os riscos ao ambiente e a saúde. Ao longo do tempo foram observados diversos casos de contaminação ambiental e de problemas de saúde pública, intoxicações de trabalhadores rurais e resíduos em alimentos. Esses fatores desencadearam o reconhecimento dos riscos decorrentes do uso abusivo dos agrotóxicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar intoxicações por agrotóxicos reportadas a um centro de informação toxicológica de Goiás por meio de análise retrospectiva no período de 2005 a 2015. Os dados foram mapeados e tabulados segundo a finalidade dos agrotóxicos, a circunstância da intoxicação, e evolução do caso. O perfil das intoxicações apontou para ocorrência superior de intoxicações por tentativa de suicídio e ocupacional, com predominância de cura dos intoxicados apesar dos efeitos crônicos não serem registrados, sugerindo um falso diagnóstico de cura.

Abstract The effect of pesticide use on human health is a problem that has received attention from the scientific community worldwide, especially in central countries, where the highest number of deaths due to human exposure to these agents is observed. Production and productivity increased through the progress of agro-industrialization, but risks to the environment and health were not taken into account. Over time, several cases of environmental contamination and public health problems, poisoning of rural workers, and food residues were observed. These factors triggered the recognition of risks arising from pesticide abuse. This study aimed to characterize pesticide poisonings reported to a toxicological information center of the state of Goiás through a retrospective analysis from 2005 to 2015. Data were mapped and tabulated by the purpose of pesticides, the circumstance of poisoning, and case development. The poisoning profile pointed to a higher occurrence of work- and suicide-related poisonings, with a predominance of poisoned patients, although chronic effects were not recorded, suggesting a false diagnosis of cure.

Resumo Os efeitos do uso de agrotóxicos sobre a saúde humana é um problema que tem merecido atenção da comunidade científica em todo o mundo, sobretudo nos países centrais, onde se observa o maior número de mortes decorrentes da exposição humana a esses agentes. Mediante o progresso da agroindustrialização, garantiu-se o aumento da produção e da produtividade, todavia, não se considerou os riscos ao ambiente e a saúde. Ao longo do tempo foram observados diversos casos de contaminação ambiental e de problemas de saúde pública, intoxicações de trabalhadores rurais e resíduos em alimentos. Esses fatores desencadearam o reconhecimento dos riscos decorrentes do uso abusivo dos agrotóxicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar intoxicações por agrotóxicos reportadas a um centro de informação toxicológica de Goiás por meio de análise retrospectiva no período de 2005 a 2015. Os dados foram mapeados e tabulados segundo a finalidade dos agrotóxicos, a circunstância da intoxicação, e evolução do caso. O perfil das intoxicações apontou para ocorrência superior de intoxicações por tentativa de suicídio e ocupacional, com predominância de cura dos intoxicados apesar dos efeitos crônicos não serem registrados, sugerindo um falso diagnóstico de cura.

Abstract The effect of pesticide use on human health is a problem that has received attention from the scientific community worldwide, especially in central countries, where the highest number of deaths due to human exposure to these agents is observed. Production and productivity increased through the progress of agro-industrialization, but risks to the environment and health were not taken into account. Over time, several cases of environmental contamination and public health problems, poisoning of rural workers, and food residues were observed. These factors triggered the recognition of risks arising from pesticide abuse. This study aimed to characterize pesticide poisonings reported to a toxicological information center of the state of Goiás through a retrospective analysis from 2005 to 2015. Data were mapped and tabulated by the purpose of pesticides, the circumstance of poisoning, and case development. The poisoning profile pointed to a higher occurrence of work- and suicide-related poisonings, with a predominance of poisoned patients, although chronic effects were not recorded, suggesting a false diagnosis of cure.

Introduction: Renal replacement therapy has not always been shown to benefit end-stage renal failure patients who are elderly or have multiple comorbidities. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) predicts mortality and is frequently used for risk stratification in clinical practice. We evaluated correlation between the Charlson Comorbidity Index and hospital admissions and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 693 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<30 ml/min/1.73m2, followed in pre-dialysis medical appointments (2008-2012). Based on the CCI, the subjects were collapsed into 4 risk groups: <25th percentile (CCI≤5.2; n=172) - G1; 25-50th percentile (CCI: 5.3-6.4; n=162) - G2; 50-75th percentile (CCI: 6.5-7.4; n=177) - G3; and >75th percentile (CCI≥7.5; n=182) - G4. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, the chi-square and the log-rank tests were used for comparison between groups. The Bonferroni test was used as a post-hoc test. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate mortality. Results: Mean age was 70.1 years, 54% women, with an eGFR of 20.2±9.2 ml/min (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease). G1 patients were younger (p<0.001) and showed higher hemoglobin (p<0.001), eGFR (p=0.025), calcium (p=0.033) and albumin (p<0.001). In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for gender, age, hemoglobin, phosphorus, parathormone, eGFR, albumin and blood pressure, CCI is a risk factor for hospitalization (ORa=1.362, Cl 95% 1.175-1.580, p<0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified higher scores of CCI as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality (HRa=1.24, Cl 95% 1.053-1.467, p=0.010). Survival at 85 months was progressively shorter with higher CCI (G1=86.7%, G2=65.9%, G3=59.35 % and G4=30.4%, log-rank=34.465, p=0.0001). Conclusion: The Charlson Comorbidity Index was shown to be a strong predictor of mortality and hospitalizations in patients with stage IV chronic kidney disease. It might be a valuable tool in dialysis decision-making for patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and severe comorbidity burden.

Resumo Introdução: A hiperfosfatemia é uma grave consequência da doença renal crônica associada a risco aumentado de doença cardiovascular. O controle dos níveis séricos de fósforo dos pacientes em diálise é um desafio que requer, na maioria dos casos, o uso de quelantes de fosfato (QF). Parte da dificuldade se deve à baixa adesão ao tratamento oriunda do grande número de medicamentos receitados para esse grupo de pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a real eficácia do oxihidróxido sucroférrico (OHS) no controle dos níveis séricos de fósforo e determinar a carga de comprimidos associada. Métodos: Estudo multicêntrico, quantitativo, retrospectivo, antes e depois conduzido com pacientes em hemodiafiltração on-line. Pacientes remanejados para OHS como parte dos cuidados de rotina foram incluídos no estudo. Tratamento com QF, número de comprimidos, níveis séricos de fósforo, reposição férrica endovenosa e dosagens foram registrados mensalmente durante seis meses de tratamento com QF ou OHS. Resultados: Foram incluídos 42 pacientes no estudo. Após a mudança de QF para OHS, o número de comprimidos prescritos por dia caiu em 67%, de seis para duas unidades diárias (p < 0,001). A frequência de ingestão de comprimidos caiu de três para duas vezes ao dia (p < 0,001). Durante o tratamento com OHS, o percentual de pacientes com fósforo sérico ≤ 5,5 mg/dL aumentou de 33,3% no início para 45% após seis meses de tratamento. Conclusão: Durante os seis meses de seguimento com OHS, os níveis séricos de fósforo foram controlados com um terço dos comprimidos por dia em relação aos tratamentos com outros QF.

Abstract Introduction: Hyperphosphatemia is a serious consequence of chronic kidney disease and has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Controlling serum phosphorus levels in patients on dialysis is a challenge for the clinicians and implies, in most cases, the use of phosphate binders (PB). Part of the reason for this challenge is poor adherence to treatment because of the high pill burden in this patient group. Objective: To assess the real-world effectiveness of sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO) in controlling serum phosphorus levels and determine the associated pill burden. Methods: A multicenter, quantitative, retrospective, before-after study was conducted with patients receiving online hemodiafiltration. Patients who switched to SO as a part of routine care were included in the study. PB treatment, number of pills, serum phosphorus levels, and intravenous iron medication and dosage were collected monthly during the six months of treatment with either PB or SO. Results: A total of 42 patients were included in the study. After switching from a PB to SO, the prescribed pills/day was reduced 67% from 6 pills/day to 2 pills/day (p < 0.001) and the frequency of pill intake was lowered from 3 times/day to 2 times/day (p < 0.001). During the treatment with SO, the proportion of patients with serum phosphorus ≤ 5.5 mg/dL increased from 33.3% at baseline to 45% after six months of treatment. Conclusion: During the six-month follow-up with SO, serum phosphorus levels were controlled with one third of the pills/day compared to other PB.

RESUMO: No presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a longevidade de operárias de A. mellifera alimentadas com dieta incorporada com os entomopatógenos comerciais Beauveria bassiana e Bacillus thuringiensis, e verificar possíveis alterações morfológicas em seu mesêntero. Para isso, os entomopatógenos utilizados foram B. bassiana (Produto A) (5,0 × 1011 conídios viáveis.kg-1), B. thuringiensis (Produto B) (2,5 × 109 esporos viáveis.g-1), B. thuringiensis (Produto C) (1,0 × 109 esporos viáveis.g-1); e dois controles: T1: água destilada esterilizada e T2: água destilada esterilizada + Tween 80® (0,01%). Para os bioensaios, 2 mL de cada tratamento foram incorporados à pasta Cândi. Para cada tratamento, 80 abelhas foram acondicionadas, individualmente, em tubos de vidro de fundo chato (2,5 cm Ø), cobertos com voile, contendo um pedaço de algodão embebido em água e pasta Cândi. Os tubos contendo as abelhas foram acondicionados em B.O.D (30 ± 2°C, U.R. 70% ± 10%, 12 h), e a mortalidade foi avaliada a cada seis horas, durante 10 dias. Logo após a verificação da mortalidade, foram separadas duas abelhas por tratamento para a retirada do mesêntero. Essas amostras foram processadas em metodologia padrão para Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Verificou-se que os produtos A, B e C reduziram a longevidade das abelhas quando comparados aos controles T1 e T2. Nas análises qualitativas realizadas com MEV, não foi possível observar alterações morfológicas externas ou internas nos tecidos do mesêntero. Apesar dos produtos A, B e C causarem redução na longevidade, sua presença não foi verificada quando os tecidos foram analisados por MEV.

ABSTRACT: The present study had the objective of evaluating the longevity of A. mellifera workers fed on a diet incorporating commercial entomopathogens, Beauveria bassiana, and Bacillus thuringiensis. It also aimed at verifying possible morphological alterations in the midgut. To this purpose, the entomopathogens used were B. bassiana (Product A) (5.0 × 1011 viable conidia.kg-1), B. thuringiensis (Product B) (2.5 × 109 viable spores.g-1), and B. thuringiensis (Product C) (1.0 × 109 viable spores.g-1); and two controls: T1: sterilized distilled water, and T2: sterilized distilled water + Tween 80® (0.01%). For the bioassays, 2 mL of each treatment were incorporated into Candy paste. For each treatment, 80 bees were individually in flat bottom glass tubes (2.5 cm Ø) covered with voile, containing a piece of cotton soaked in water and Candy paste. These tubes were stored in a B.O.D (30 ± 2°C, R.H 70% ± 10%, 12 h), and mortality was evaluated every six hours, for 10 days. Soon after verifying mortality, two bees per treatment were selected for the removal of their midgut. Midgut samples were processed using standard methodology for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). It was verified that products A, B, and C reduced the longevity of bees when compared to T1 and T2 controls. In the qualitative analyses carried out using SEM, it was not possible to observe external or internal morphological alterations to midgut tissues. Although products A, B, and C cause a reduction in longevity, their presence was not verified when tissues were analyzed using SEM.

ABSTRACT The coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is considered the most serious pest of the coffee crop and is controlled primarily with the use of chemical insecticides. An alternative to this control method is the use of the entomopathogenic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner, 1911. Therefore, the objective of this work was to select strains of B. thuringiensis virulent against H. hampei and characterize them by morphological and molecular methods to identify possible genes for the production of genetically modified plants. To achieve this objective, 34 strains of B. thuringiensis underwent a selective bioassay to evaluate their toxicity to H. hampei first-instar larvae. Among the strains tested, 11 and the standard B. thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (IPS-82) caused mortality above 90%. Then, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was estimated for these strains followed by characterization using morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. The lowest LC50 was obtained for strain BR58, although this concentration did not differ significantly from that of the standard strain IPS-82 or from that of strains BR137, BR80 and BR67. The molecular characterization detected cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11 and cyt1 genes in 10 of the most virulent strains (BR58, BR137, BR80, BR81, BR147, BR135, BR146, BR138, BR139, BR140). Strain BR67 differed completely from the others and amplified only the cry3 gene. This strain was more virulent than BR135, BR146, BR138, BR139 and BR140, but it did not differ from BR58, BR137, BR80, BR81 and BR147. The protein profile revealed proteins of 28, 65, 70 and 130 kDa, and the morphological analysis identified spherical crystalline inclusions in all strains. The results showed that the 11 strains studied have potential for use as a gene source for insertion into coffee plants for the control H. hampei, especially the cry3, cry4A, cry4B, cry10, cry11 and cyt1 genes, that were repeated in the most virulent isolates.

ABSTRACT The selectivity of five entomopathogens and a chemical insecticide (positive control) to pupae and adults of the egg parasitoid Telenomus remus (Nixon) was evaluated in the laboratory under controlled environmental conditions according to protocols established by the International Organization for Biological Control. Baculovirus anticarsia (Baculovirus AEE®), Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Thuricide®), Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai (Agree®), Beauveria bassiana (Boveril®), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metarril®) and Trichoderma harzianum (Trichodermil®) are harmless to T. remus pupae, and adults. Thus, our results suggest that the insect control strategies applied here are compatible since entomopathogens were classified as harmless to T. remus in most examined cases and therefore facilitate a joint application to control different pests. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Dipel®), despite being classified as slightly harmful in some of the evaluations, can still be considered compatible for use together with T. remus, especially when compared with chemical insecticides such as chlorpyrifos that might be considered harmful to the parasitoid survival.

RESUMO Novos genótipos híbridos de bananeira têm sido inseridos no mercado brasileiro, embora ainda não existam informações consistentes sobre seus possíveis impactos em relação às pragas da cultura. O moleque-da-bananeira (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) é fortemente atraído pelos voláteis do rizoma da bananeira e acredita-se que sua atração pelos genótipos híbridos seja diferente da observada para variedades. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a resposta olfativa do moleque-da-bananeira, Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) a 20 genótipos de bananeira, em laboratório. De acordo com a semelhança genética e comercial dos genótipos, foram estabelecidos quatro agrupamentos: 1) Cavendish; 2) Prata; 3) Maçã/Conquista e 4) Ouro/Terra/Caipira/Figo. No bioensaio 1, a atração do moleque-da-bananeira foi avaliada entre os genótipos do mesmo agrupamento e, no bioensaio 2, os genótipos previamente selecionados foram comparados entre si. Em ambos os bioensaios, a testemunha foi representada pela ausência do rizoma. O estudo foi repetido com insetos e rizomas coletados em abril (primeira época) e julho (segunda época) do ano agrícola de 2011. Na primeira época, os genótipos selecionados foram: Nanicão (AAA); FHIA 18 (AAAB); Princesa (AAAB); Ouro (AA) e Prata anã (AAB) (bioensaio 1). Na segunda época, os genótipos selecionados foram FHIA 17 (AAAA), PA 9401 (AAAB), Thap Maeo (AAB), além de Nanicão e Ouro (bioensaio 1). No geral, apenas as variedades Nanicão (AAA) e Ouro (AA) foram mais atrativas que a testemunha (primeira e segunda épocas, respectivamente) (bioensaio 2). No entanto, não foi observada clara influência do genótipo sobre a resposta olfativa de C. sordidus, indicando que os híbridos de bananeira apresentam atratividade semelhante à das variedades.

ABSTRACT New banana plant hybrids have been cultivated in the Brazilian fields, although there is no consistent information about the possible impacts on banana pests. The banana root weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is strongly drawn to the volatile rhizome of banana, and it is believed that its attractiveness for hybrid genotypes is different than that observed on banana plant varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory response of banana root weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), to 20 banana genotypes in laboratory. According to the genetic and commercial similarity of plants, the genotypes were divided into four groups: 1) Cavendish; 2) Prata; 3) Maçã/Conquista, e 4) Ouro/Terra/Caipira/Figo. In the bioassay 1, the attractiveness of the banana root weevil was evaluated for genotypes of the same group. In bioassay 2, the pre-selected genotypes were compared among themselves. The study was replicated with insects and rhizomes in April (first season) and July (second season) of 2011 agricultural year. In the first season, the selected genotypes were Nanicão (AAA), FHIA 18 (AAAB), Princesa (AAAB), Ouro (AA), and Prata anã (AAB) (bioassay 1). In the second season, the selected genotypes were FHIA 17 (AAAA), PA 9401 (AAAB), and Thap Maeo (AAB), besides Nanicão and Ouro (bioassay 1). In both bioassays, the control was represented by absence of rizome. Overall, only Nanicão (AAA) and Ouro (AA) genotypes were more attractive than the control (in the first and second seasons, respectively) (bioassay 2). Nevertheless, we observed no clear influence of genotypes on olfactory response of C. sordidus, indicating that banana plants hybrids and varieties have similar attractiveness to banana root weevil.

Resumo Este artigo analisa algumas obras do artista Jeff Koons fazendo uso da categoria estética vernacular cute (fofo, adorável em inglês). Em suas esculturas representando bichinhos e brinquedos, Koons dá expressão formal para as contradições e ambiguidades do cute, de forma a explicitar os sentimentos ambivalentes e anseios que lastreiam a relação dos sujeitos consumidores-espectadores do capitalismo tardio com as mercadorias que os circundam. Pensar a mercadoria e o consumo – cultural, inclusive – a partir da estética da fofura nos ajuda, argumentamos, a melhor entender o próprio lugar da arte em um circuito globalizado e crescentemente dominado pela lógica mercadológica neoliberal. A obra de Koons, um dos artistas contemporâneos mais populares e financeiramente bem-sucedidos, é local privilegiado para observar as oscilações de poder no campo das artes visuais.

Abstract The present paper analyzes a few works by artist Jeff Koons using the vernacular aesthetic category cute. In his sculptures representing critters and toys, Koons gives formal expression to the contradictions and ambiguities of cuteness, making explicit the ambivalent feelings and longings that underpin the relationship between the consumerspectators of late capitalism and the commodities that surround them. Reflecting on commodities and consumption – cultural consumption included – in light of the aesthetics of cuteness helps us, or so we argue, to better understand the very place of art in a globalized circuit increasingly dominated by neoliberal market logic. The work of Koons, one of the most popular and financially successful contemporary artists, is a privileged vantage point from which to observe power shifts in the field of visual arts.