Abstract A thermal comfort index for the Northeast of Brazil was analyzed for two scenarios of climatic changes, A1B and A2, for 2021-2080, and compared with the reference period 1961-1990. A technique of regionalization was applied to rainfall, maximum and minimum temperature data from meteorological stations, obtained by statistical downscaling of projections from four global climate models. The results pointed to a significant reduction of rainfall and an increase of temperature for three different climatically homogeneous subregions. Regarding the thermal comfort index, the results point to an increase in days with heat discomfort between 2021 and 2080. In the northern portion, the higher percentage of days with heat discomfort will be significant since the first half of the period under appreciation, i.e., from 2021 to 2050. Conversely, in the eastern of northeastern Brazil, the increase of days with heat discomfort should happen in the period from 2051 to 2080, whereas the central-western part of the region, which, in the reference period, had recorded less than 1% of days with heat discomfort, might see an elevation of that percentage to 7% between 2021 and 2050, potentially reaching 48% of its days made uncomfortable by heat between 2051 and 2080.

Abstract This work is taken up to evaluate the relationship between the thermal comfort of spectators and athletes and the prevailing meteorological conditions during Rio 2016 Olympic Games. Empirical and physiological thermal comfort indices are calculated from data collected from an automatic weather station installed near the Olympic Stadium and interviews with the spectators. The study period was marked by a gradual rise in air temperature and by the occurrence of two significant weather events associated with wind gusts, which caused disturbances in some areas of the competitions. ET and NET were below the air temperature, indicating that both humidity and wind contributed to the reduction of the human-biometeorological indices. Majority of the interviewed persons reported comfortable sensation and weather conditions. These perceptions corroborate results of the thermal comfort indices calculated for these resting spectators. The comfort indices calculated for the athletes with high level of physical activity showed that PET estimated hotter thermal sensation those for the individuals at rest, indicating that the physical type of a person may strongly influence the thermal sensation and comfort during intense physical activity. Increasing trend observed in all the indices of human thermal comfort during the period of study shows consistency among them.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar fatores epidemiológicos do dengue, nos municípios da 4ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde/RS (4a CRS/RS), nos anos de 2007 a 2010. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, empregando como variáveis: município de notificação; ano de notificação; sexo e faixa etária do paciente; índice de infestação predial (IIP) e índice de Breteau (IB). Foram constatados 13 casos importados da doença, em cinco municípios, sendo a maior ocorrência em Santa Maria. Houve notificação de casos em ambos os sexos e em diferentes faixas etárias. Focos positivos do Aedes aegypti foram encontrados em armadilhas instaladas em pontos estratégicos de Santa Maria e Santiago. O IIP e IB, em ambos os municípios, não representaram risco à saúde pública. Conclui-se, portanto, que as ações de vigilância em saúde devem ser fomentadas com o objetivo de orientar as práticas de controle do vetor, bem como promover a educação sanitária e ambiental, a fim de impedir a instalação de casos autóctones nos municípios estudados.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological issues of dengue in the counties of the 4th Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde (government agency to surveillance on public health) of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, during 2007 to 2010. This is a descriptive study, using as variables: cities where dengue was reported; year; sex and age of the patient; infestation (IIP) and Breteau (BI) index. A total of 13 imported cases of the dengue was reported in five cities and higher occurrence was in Santa Maria city. There were notifications of dengue in both sex and in different age groups. Positive foci of Aedes aegypti were found in the traps at strategic points in both cities, Santa Maria and Santiago. BII and BI varied during the studied period in both cities, and, so far, they did not constitute a risk to public health. We conclude that the health surveillance should be enhanced with the purpose of guiding vector control practices, as well as promote health and environmental education in order to prevent the installation of autochthonous dengue cases in the cities studied.

Esse estudo tem por objetivo realizar um zoneamento das ocorrências de granizo e vendaval no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), entre os anos 1989 e 2009. Foram utilizados os registros de ocorrências dos eventos (com e sem decretação de situação de emergência), obtidos junto à Coordenadoria Estadual de Defesa Civil do RS (CEDEC), a fim de analisar o período de maior freqüência de ocorrências e as regiões mais atingidas por esses eventos. Os resultados mostraram que, em relação aos eventos de granizo a estação mais favorável para sua ocorrência é a primavera (290 eventos), seguida do inverno (132 eventos). As áreas que apresentaram as maiores ocorrências localizaram-se na metade norte do Estado, dentre as quais se destacaram como mais atingidas o Alto Uruguai (217 eventos) e Planalto Médio (90 eventos). As regiões da Depressão Central e das Missões também foram bastante atingidas por tais tempestades, porém com uma freqüência ligeiramente menor (83 e 70 eventos). Com relação aos vendavais, as regiões mais afetadas foram as do Alto Uruguai (271 eventos), Planalto Médio (120), Depressão Central (116) e Missões (96 eventos), e o período de maior ocorrência foi a primavera (novembro e outubro). Regiões como o Litoral (24), Encosta do Sudeste (13) e Serra do Sudeste (11) registraram poucos episódios durante os vinte anos estudados, o que caracteriza a porção Sul do estado como a menos preferencial a esses extremos de tempo. Foi mostrado também, que esses eventos adversos não acontecem somente em anos com a presença dos fenômenos climáticos El Niño e La Niña. Houve ocorrências de intensos episódios em anos classificados como neutros (ausência dos fenômenos).

This paper aims to carry out a mapping of wind storms and hails natural disasters occurred in Rio Grande do Sul state during the period from 1989 to 2009. Records of the events were obtained at the State Civil Defense Authority to analyze the preferential period for these occurrences and the most affected areas by these events. The results showed that most of the hails occurred in spring (290 events) and in winter (132 events), and the most affected regions were Alto Uruguai (217 events) and Planalto Médio (90 events). The regions of Depressão Central and Missões were also affected, but with a slightly lower frequency (83 and 70 events). Regarding to wind storms, the most affected areas were those located in the northern half of the state: Alto Uruguai (271 events), Planalto Médio (120), Depressão Central (116) and Missões (90), and the highest occurrence were observed in the spring season (preferential period), in the months November and October . In the Sea Shore, Southeast coast and Southeast mountains regions few episodes of hails and wind storms have occurred (24, 13 and 11 events respectively), characterizing the south region of the State as the most improbable region for the occurrence of these extreme events. It was also found that hail and wind storms did not occur only in years with presence of the El Niño and La Niña climatic events. They also occurred in periods without the influence of these phenomena (normal years).