Resumo Na Amazônia brasileira dois gêneros mono-específicos, Harpia e Morphnus, caracterizam-se por baixa densidade e estão classificados pelo IUCN como Quase Ameaçados, porém ocorrem sobre grande parte do território nacional, suas principais ameaças são a fragmentação florestal, a degradação de hábitat e a caça. Neste estudo avaliamos a abundância destas duas grandes aves de rapina utilizando a base de dados dos programas ambientais da UHE Belo Monte, integrando-se dois métodos para construir um mapa de distribuição ao longo de 245 km do rio Xingu. Os levantamentos terrestres pelo método RAPELD mostraram-se mais eficientes para os registros de grandes águias quando comparado aos esforços padronizados aquáticos, entretanto estes foram complementares na ausência de módulos. Cinquenta e tres por cento foram registros ocasionais durante a supressão da vegetação, afugentamento ou deslocamento. Entre 2012-2014 quatro harpias foram removidas da natureza, dois indivíduos alvo de disparos, uma por colisão com rede elétrica, e outra por atropelamento. Sete ninhos mapeados, a distância média entre os registros de harpia na calha e margens do rio foi de 15 km, 20 km distância média entre ninhos, o que permitiu estimar um total de 20 casais utilizando as florestas aluviais em uma distancia de 270 km, incluindo matas ciliares e os fragmentos fora da margem do rio. Estimamos que territórios de outros 10 casais usando a Volta Grande longe do rio principal também serão afetados pela inundação. A distância média entre os registros de Morphnus foi 16 km ao longo do rio, o único ninho mapeado estava distante 1.3 km do ninho de Harpia. Estes fragmentos florestais estão sendo substituídos por pastagens, ressaltando-se a importância da manutenção das áreas de preservação permanentes (APP) e a proteção destes fragmentos em diversos formatos de áreas de proteção, para diminuir a degradação dos mesmos e garantir a manutenção das populações destes grandes predadores na região do rio Xingu.

Abstract In the Brazilian Amazon, two monospecific genera, the Harpy Eagle and Crested Eagle have low densities and are classified by IUCN as Near Threatened due to habitat loss, deforestation, habitat degradation and hunting. In this study, we evaluate occurrence of these large raptors using the environmental surveys database from Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. Integrating the dataset from two methods, we plotted a distribution map along the Xingu River, including records over a 276-km stretch of river. Terrestrial surveys (RAPELD method) were more efficient for detecting large raptors than standardized aquatic surveys, although the latter were complementary in areas without modules. About 53% of the records were obtained during activities of wildlife rescue/flushing, vegetation suppression or in transit. Between 2012 and 2014, four Harpy Eagles were removed from the wild; two shooting victims, one injured by collision with power lines and one hit by a vehicle. Also, seven nests were mapped. The mean distance between Harpy Eagle records was 15 km along the river channel, with a mean of 20 km between nests near the channel, which allowed us to estimate 20 possible pairs using the alluvial forest, riverine forest and forest fragments. Territories of another ten pairs will probably be affected by inundation of the Volta Grande channel, which is far from the main river. The average distance between Crested Eagle records was 16 km along the river channel. The only nest found was 1.3 km away from a Harpy Eagle nest. The remnant forests are under threat of being replaced by cattle pastures, so we recommend that permanently protected riparian vegetation borders (APP) be guaranteed, and that forest fragments within 5 km of the river be conserved to maintain eagle populations.

Introduction: Bladder carcinoma is the second most frequent genitourinary tumor. Adenocarcinoma accounts for up to 0,5 to 2% of bladder carcinoma types. The pathology states the bladder adenocarcinomas are mucous secreting lesions with glandular, colloid or signet ring cell patterns. Even the important advances reached in the field of bladder carcinoma, yet less frequent lesions as bladder adenocarcinoma do not have a standarized treatment protocol. Methods: Case report of a patient with primary signet ring cell bladder adenocarcinoma with a therapeutical multidisciplinary approach. Literature review. Results: Patient’s outcome and follow up, with regard of therapeutical implications based on pathological findings. Conclusions: Bladder adenocarcionoma is a rare oncological entity. Treatment protocols for these particular tumors are lacking. Multidisciplinary approach represents the best therapeutical intervention.

Introducción: El cáncer de vejiga, representa el segundo tumor más común en el tracto genital. El adenocarcinoma constituye del 0,5 a 2% de los tumores vesicales. Desde el punto de vista histológico los adenocarcinomas son mucosecretantes y pueden tener patrones glandulares, coloides o de células en anillo de sello. A pesar de los avances logrados en carcinoma de vejiga, tumores infrecuentes como el adenocarcinoma vesical, no tienen un tratamiento y control estandarizado de la enfermedad. Método: Presentación de un caso clínico de paciente con adenocarcinoma de vejiga, en el cual se realizo tratamiento multidisciplinario oncológico. Revisión de la literatura. Resultados: Control perioperatorio y seguimiento del paciente, con las respectivas implicaciones que en la terapéutica tienen los resultados de anatomía patológica. Conclusiones: El adenocarcinoma de vejiga es una entidad patológica poco frecuente. Su tratamiento no se encuentra estandarizado y la intervención multidisciplinaria de estos pacientes constituye la mejor opción terapéutica.

OBJETIVOS: Determinar presentación epidemiológica del rabdomiosarcoma, en Servicio de Oncología del Hospital de Niños “J.M. de Los Ríos” desde 01.01.1997 al 31.12.2005. MÉTODOS: Revisión retrospectiva de Historias clínicas de pacientes con rabdomiosarcoma, ambos sexos, menores de 16 años. RESULTADOS: 59 pacientes, edades entre 1 mes 16 años. 66,1 % eran varones, 45,76 % presentaban antecedentes oncológicos familiares. El Lag time entre inicio síntomas y diagnóstico histológico fue 127 días. Síntomas y signos más frecuentes: Aumento de volumen 83 %, dolor: 50 %, pérdida de peso: 28,8 % localización anatómica: cabeza y cuello: 33,8 %; genitourinario: 23,7 %; extremidades: 22 %; piso pélvico 11,8 %. Tipo histológico más frecuente: embrionario 76,3 %; seguido del aveolar 20,3 %; no tipificable: 3,3 %. La distribución encontrada por estadiaje TNM fue: ST I: 14(23,7 %), ST II: 2(3,4 %); STIII: 23(39 %); ST IV: 20 (33,9 %). Todos recibieron quimioterapia sistémica. El abandono fue de 8,47 %. En total 31 pacientes recibieron radioterapia: 28 con fines curativos y 3 paliativos. El status actual de los pacientes: 27 pacientes vivos (45,7 %) 24 sin enfermedad, 3 con enfermedad; 29 pacientes fallecidos, 3 abandonaron el seguimiento. CONCLUSIONES: La presentación clínica del rabdomiosarcoma en nuestra serie es similar a la reportada en la literatura; asociado en 45,7 % a antecedentes oncológicos familiares; primarios de cabeza y cuello, predominantemente de tipo embrionario. Se observaron retardos diagnósticos prolongados: más del 70 % de nuestros pacientes se diagnostican en estadios avanzados.

OBJECTIVES: Determine the epidemiologyc presentation of Rhabdomyosarcoma, in Oncology Service at Hospital de Niños “J.M. de Los Ríos”, from 01.01.1997 to 31.12.2005. METHODS: Retrospective revision of clinical Histories of patient with Rhabdomyosarcoma, both sexes, younger than 16 years. RESULTS: 59 patients, ages between 1 month and 16 years. 66.1 % were male, 45.76 % presented family oncological antecedents. The Lag Time between beginning symptoms and histological diagnosis was 127 days. The Symptoms and more frequent signs: Swelling in 83 %, Pain: 50 %, weight loss: 28.8 %. Anatomical localization: Head and neck: 33.8 %; genitourinary: 23.7 %; extremities: 22 %; pelvic 11.8 %. The Histological type more frequent was: embryonal 76.3 %; followed by the alveolar: 20.3 %; non tipificable: 3.3 %. The distribution by TNM Staging was: ST I: 14(23.7 %), ST II: 2(3.4 %); STIII: 23(39 %); ST IV: 20(33.9 %). All received Systemic Chemotherapy. The abandonment was of 8.47 %. In total 31 patients received Radiotherapy: 28 for healing purpose and 3 palliatives. The current status of the patients: 27 alive patients (45.7 %) 24 without illness, 3 with illness; 29 patients deceased, 3 abandoned the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical presentation of Rhabdomyosarcoma in our series is similar to others reported in literature; associate in 45.7 % to family oncological antecedents; primary of head and neck, predominantly of embryonal type. Retarded diagnoses were observed: more than 70 % of our patients are diagnosed with advanced illness.

A case of infectious myositis due to yatrogenia was observed in weaning piglets. Six piglets from four litters were affected showing unilateral and bilateral hind limb, knuckling of the metatarsalphalangeal joint, inability to move, dog sitting position, and hyperflexion of the posterior digits.Necropsy findings showed: osteochondrosis, osteomyelitis, bubos increased more than 30 times the normal size and, abscesses between phalanges. Other conditions seen were: iron spots in semitendinous and semimembranous muscles, aqueous blood, paleness and splenomegaly. It was concluded that the skeletal disorders and the lameness with buboalgia seen in these pigs were caused by inadequate iron injections performed by unskilled workers at the farm

Se observó un caso de miositis infecciosa debido a iatrogenia en lechones destetados. Seis lechones de cuatro camadas mostraron cojera uni y bilateral de los miembros traseros, inhabilidad para moverse, posición de perro sentado e hiperflexión de los miembros posteriores. Las lesiones encontradas a la necropsia fueron: osteocondrosis, osteomielitis, nódulos linfáticos inguinales aumentados 30 veces su tamaño normal y abscesos entre las falanges. Otros hallazgos fueron presencia de manchas de hierro en músculos semitendinoso y semimembranoso, sangre acuosa, palidez de la canal y esplenomegalia. Se concluyó que los desórdenes esqueléticos y la cojera junto con la bubonalgia observados en estos lechones se debieron a inyecciones de hierro realizadas en forma séptica e inadecuada por operarios de la granja

The PRRS disease is recognized in Mexico by the swine practitioners as an important problem within the national swine pathology since several years ago. The outbreaks derived from PRRS infections in susceptible populations brings about devastating economical effects. The purposes of this study were to identify the clinical signs in each farm and to compare them with others in order to distinguish a clinical displaying pattern to perform the syndromic integration on each farm and also to know the antibody level of the sampled farms and to classify them in terms of their S/P ratio (serum sample/positive control), and finally try to isolate the virus. Eight productive farms were selected where a clinical, serological and virological study was done in pigs of all ages as well as of all productive/physiological stages. An average of 100 serum samples from each farm were taken for the viral and serologic studies. The results showed that all the farms were seropositive in addition to the isolation of the virus nevertheless, only one farm showed reproductive failure. The virus was present in all farms, but it was revealed in different ways, this is why we could not establish a clinical displaying pattern since it was different within the 8 farms. In relation to the age and the productive/physiological stage from which the virus was isolated, it stands out the fact that it was more frequently found in sows on their sixth farrowing in 7 out of the 8 farms analysed; as well as in suckling and one month old piglets in 6 out of 8 farms. The latter suggests that the sixth farrowing sows as well as the suckling and one month old piglets are the most suitable animals to attempt the virus isolation

La enfermedad de PRRS en México es reconocida por los clínicos de cerdos como un problema importante en la patología porcina nacional desde hace varios años. Los brotes surgidos por infecciones con PRRS en poblaciones susceptibles trae consigo efectos económicamente devastadores. Los objetivos del estudio fueron identificar los signos clínicos de cada granja y contrastarlos con los de otras para identificar un patrón de presentación clínica, realizar la integración sindrómica que nos permitiera conocer los síndromes predominantes en cada granja, además de conocer el nivel de anticuerpos de las granjas muestreadas y clasificarlas de acuerdo al rango S/P (muestra de suero/control positivo) y, finalmente, intentar el aislamiento del virus. Se seleccionaron 8 granjas porcinas comerciales y se llevó a cabo un estudio clínico, serológico y virológico en todas las edades y etapas fisiológico-productivas. Se tomaron 100 muestras sanguíneas en promedio por granja para los estudios virológico y serológico. En los resultados, todas las granjas fueron seropositivas además de aislarse el virus, sin embargo, sólo una granja presentó falla reproductiva. El virus estuvo presente en todas las granjas, pero se manifestó de diferentes formas, por lo cual no pudimos establecer un patrón de presentación clínica ya que fue distinto para las 8 granjas. Respecto de la edad y etapa fisiológica productiva en la que se aisló el virus, llama la atención el haberse encontrado con mayor frecuencia en cerdas de sexto parto en 7 de las 8 granjas estudiadas; así como en lechones lactantes de un mes de edad en 6 de las 8 granjas. Lo anterior sugiere que las cerdas de sexto parto así como los lechones lactantes y de un mes de edad son los más adecuados para intentar el aislamiento viral