In this study, porous microspheres of TiO2 (µTiO2) were synthesized, characterized and incorporated into an acrylic paint formulation to obtain a photocatalytically active paint. In a novel approach, the antifungal properties of the µTiO2 paint were evaluated using Monascus ruber as the representative microorganism and compared to those of a photocatalyst-free paint. The photocatalytic activity of paint films was determined by methylene blue (MB) degradation under real conditions of application. High photocatalytic and antifungal activity was observed, with the microorganism culture showing the formation of growth inhibition halos, typical of materials that produce biocides that diffuse into the culture medium.

O estudo e o uso de pigmentos naturais nas indústrias de alimentos têm aumentado nos últimos anos devido à toxicidade apresentada pelos pigmentos de origem artificial. Monascus ruber é um fungo filamentoso conhecido por produzir pigmento vermelho, laranja e amarelo sob diferentes condições de cultivo. Paralelo ao crescimento do mercado de alimentos naturais cresce o de biocombustíveis, como é o caso do biodiesel, que gera concomitantemente um aumento na produção de glicerina, podendo esta ser utilizada em bioprocessos. O objetivo deste estudo foi utilizar glicerina e glicose como substratos para produção de pigmentos naturais em biorreator. O cultivo foi realizado em biorreator Bioflo III, com volume útil de 4 L, equipado com controle de temperatura, pH, vazão de aeração e frequência de agitação. A maior produção de pigmentos foi observada em 60 horas de cultivo com 8,28 UDO510 de pigmento vermelho. O pH permaneceu na faixa de 5,45 a 6,23, favorecendo a liberação de pigmentos vermelhos. O estudo realizado mostra a viabilidade da produção de pigmentos naturais por Monascus ruber, em biorreator, utilizando resíduos da produção de biodiesel, sem tratamento prévio.

The study and use of natural pigments in food industries have increased in recent years due to the toxicity presented by artificial pigments. Monascus ruber is a filamentous fungus that produces red, orange, and yellow pigments under different growing conditions. The growth of health food market has increased in parallel with the growth in biofuels production, such as biodiesel, which generates a concomitant increase in the production of glycerin that can be used in bioprocesses. The objective of this study was to use glycerin and glucose as substrates in the production of natural pigments in a bioreactor. The culture of Monascus ruber was carried out in a Bioflo III reactor with 4 L of working volume and pH, temperature, aeration, and agitation control. The highest pigment production was observed after 60 hours of fungal culture with 8.28 UA510 of red pigment. The pH range remained from 5.45 to 6.23 favoring the release of red pigment in the medium. This study shows the feasibility of the production of natural pigments by Monascus ruber in a bioreactor using a co-product of biodiesel without previous treatment as a substrate.