In recent years, the production, distribution and consumption of so-called new psychoactive substances, such as synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, and phenethylamines, have increased worldwide. The present work reports the identification of such substances found in samples of blotter papers that were seized in the city of Bogotá in accordance with the analytical method implemented in the chemistry laboratories of the Attorney General of Colombia. Using gas chromatography coupled to a selective mass ion trap detector, the presence of phenethylamine derivatives, mainly from the 2,5-dimethoxy- N-(2-methoxybenzyl) phenethylamine series, was detected. Among them, 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxy- N-(2-methoxybenzyl)) phenethylamine, 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy- N-(2-methoxybenzyl)) phenethylamine, and 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy- N-(2-methoxybenzyl)) phenethylamine ( m/z 150, 121, 91) were prevalent. The 2,5-dimethoxy- N-(2-methoxybenzyl) phenethylamine series derivatives correspond to proved powerful hallucinogens that have not yet been subjected to international control and supervision.

Esta investigación se centró en la neutralización a nivel de laboratorio de residuos cianurados provenientes de la mina Nueva Esparta ubicada en el municipio de los Andes-Sotomayor (Nariño), con tres neutralizantes de tipo comercial en distintas relaciones en peso (gramos de neutralizante/gramos de CN- libre/total a neutralizar): peróxido de hidrógeno H2O2 2/1, 5/1 y 8/1, hipoclorito de sodio NaOCl 7/1, 12/1 y 17/1 y sulfato ferroso FeSO4 6/1, 12/1 y 18/1. Las arenas residuales se trataron así: lavado con agua, neutralización del agua de lavado y recirculación de la misma para un nuevo lavado; esto con el objeto de minimizar la cantidad de agua empleada. Después del análisis estadístico y teniendo en cuenta consideraciones técnicas, económicas y ambientales, se encontró que los mejores tratamientos para la remoción de cianuro libre y total son respectivamente las relaciones 2/1 y 5/1 del H2O2. Se realizó una caracterización fisicoquímica de la fuente de agua afectada por la actividad de la mina en estudio, de la solución pobre de cianuro y soluciones lixiviadas en laboratorio. En la evaluación de los metales Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn y Pb se observó que luego de la neutralización con H2O2, los metales analizados disminuyeron su concentración; con NaOCl se presentó un incremento en la mayoría, con una remoción mínima de plomo y manganeso. Con FeSO4, se obtuvo remoción para la mayoría, pero plomo y manganeso se incrementaron.

This research focused on laboratory-scale neutralization of cyanide wastes from the Nueva Esparta mine in the municipality of Los Andes, Sotomayor (Nariño) with three commercial type neutralizers in different weight ratios (neutralizer grams / CN-free/total to be neutralized): hydrogen peroxide H2O2 2/1, 5/1 and 8/1, sodium hypochlorite NaOCl 7/1, 12/1 and 17/1 and ferrous sulfate FeSO4 6/1, 12/1 and 18/1. Residual sands were treated as follows: washing with water, neutralization of the washing water and circulation of the same water for a new washing process, this with the purpose of minimizing the quantity of water used. After the statistic analysis and taking into account technical, economical and environmental considerations, it was found that the best treatments for removing free and total cyanide are respectively the relations 2/1 and5/1 from H2O2. A physical-chemical characterization of the water source affected by the activity on the poor cyanide solution and solutions lixiviated in the laboratory of the mine under study was performed. In the evaluation of the metals Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn and Pbit was observed that after the neutralization with con H2O2, the analyzed metals diminished their concentration. There was an increase in the majority With NaOCl woth a minimum removal of lead and manganese. With FeSO4 there was removal for the majority but lead and manganese increased.