Resumo A influência dos média sociais no campo do jornalismo, hoje incontornável, manifesta-se em várias vertentes, criando desafios que não podem ser ignorados pelos profissionais. Enquanto fontes, estão a ser cada vez mais utilizados, contribuindo para a emergência de novas dinâmicas de produção noticiosa, em particular na cobertura de acontecimentos em continuidade, nos quais impera a velocidade de transmissão e o imediatismo constitui um valor em si mesmo, incentivando a extração de conteúdos disponíveis na internet, sem tempo para escrutínio. Neste artigo, o fenómeno é enquadrado numa perspetiva ética. Através da análise de 32 códigos deontológicos - e instrumentos semelhantes - que incorporam esta realidade em partes específicas foram identificados valores e princípios jornalísticos neles inscritos acerca das modalidades de recolha de informação, sobretudo em redes sociais digitais. A exigência de verificação e validação do material e de identificação da fonte, procedimentos tradicionais, é predominante, atentos os potenciais riscos para o rigor de uma narrativa jornalística. Também é detetada, na maioria dos códigos integrados no corpus, a preocupação de acautelar o dano na esfera privada de cidadãos, eventualmente decorrente da difusão de material. Não se trata apenas de proteger a privacidade, em geral, mas de ponderar questões de grande sensibilidade a ela associáveis: a vulnerabilidade e dor em que possam encontrar-se os autores das postagens e a presença nas redes de vítimas ou cidadãos menores de idade.

Abstract The inescapable influence of social media on journalism has introduced a multitude of challenges that professionals in the field cannot afford to overlook. Increasingly used as sources, social media platforms contribute significantly to the evolution of new dynamics in news production. This is particularly evident in the coverage of unfolding events, prioritising speed of transmission and immediacy as inherent values. This emphasis often encourages the rapid extraction of content available on the internet, leaving minimal time for thorough scrutiny. This article delves into the phenomenon from an ethical standpoint. Through an analysis of 32 codes of ethics - and analogous instruments - that specifically address this evolving reality, it identifies journalistic values and principles concerning information-gathering methods, especially pertaining to digital social networks. The primary emphasis remains on the requirement to verify and validate the material while identifying sources following traditional procedures, given the potential risks to the integrity of journalistic narratives. Most codes in the corpus also prioritise safeguarding citizens’ private sphere, possibly stemming from the dissemination of material. This concern extends beyond general privacy protection, encompassing the highly sensitive issues associated with it: the vulnerability and emotional distress experienced by authors of social media posts and the presence of victims or minors on social networks.

Abstract The turbulent conjuncture of global society contributes to deepening the revision of the normative foundations of the social sciences and sociology, favoring changes in analytical perspectives. This is very evident in the studies on the gift as systematized by interpreters of Marcel Mauss gathered in the Revue du MAUSS (Anti-Utilitarian Movement in the Social Sciences). These authors update the theoretical-methodological contribution of the gift - initially formulated with three movements, give-receive-retribute - with the introduction of a fourth movement. Thus, we have a broader system of exchanges, ask-give-receive-retribute, whose main formulator is Alain Caillé. This innovation makes it easier to understand voluntary exchanges between individuals situated in distinct moral and economic hierarchies that could not be explained within the limits of the previous triadic system. This new system accompanies the development of studies on relational sociology.

Résumé La conjoncture turbulente de la société mondiale contribue à approfondir la révision des fondements normatifs des sciences sociales et de la sociologie, en favorisant des changements de perspectives analytiques. Ceci est évident dans les études sur le don systématisées par les interprètes de Marcel Mauss réunis dans la Revue du MAUSS [Mouvement anti-utilitariste dans les sciences sociales]. Ces auteurs actualisent l’apport théorico-méthodologique du don - initialement formulé en trois mouvements, donner-recevoir-rétribuer - avec l’introduction d’un quatrième mouvement. Nous avons donc un autre système d’échanges plus extensif, demander-donner-recevoir-rétribuer, dont le principal formulateur est Alain Caillé. Cette innovation permet de mieux comprendre les échanges volontaires entre des individus situés dans des hiérarchies morales et économiques distinctes, qui ne pouvaient être expliqués dans les limites du système triadique précédent. Ce nouveau système accompagne le développement des études sur la sociologie relationnelle.

Resumo A conjuntura turbulenta da sociedade global contribui para aprofundar a revisão dos fundamentos normativos das ciências sociais e da sociologia, favorecendo mudanças de perspectivas analíticas. Isto é bem evidente nos estudos sobre a dádiva sistematizados por intérpretes de Marcel Mauss reunidos na Revue du MAUSS [Movimento Anti-Utilitarista nas Ciências Sociais]. Estes autores atualizam a contribuição teórico-metodológica do dom - inicialmente formulada com três movimentos, dar-receber-retribuir -, com a introdução de um quarto movimento. Assim, temos um outro sistema de trocas que é mais extensivo, demandar-dar-receber-retribuir, cujo principal formulador é Alain Caillé. Esta inovação facilita entender as trocas voluntárias entre indivíduos situados em hierarquias morais e econômicas distintas e que não podiam ser explicadas nos limites do sistema triádico anterior. Este novo sistema acompanha o desenvolvimento dos estudos sobre sociologia relacional.

Abstract Despite being little explored for petroporphyrins recovery from oils and bituminous shales, adsorption and desorption processes can be feasible alternatives to obtain a similar synthetic material, and to characterize their original organic materials. Experimental designs were used to analyze the effects of qualitative (e.g., type of adsorbent, solvent, and diluent) and quantitative (e.g., temperature and solid/liquid ratio) variables on the adsorptive and desorptive performance regarding nickel octaethylporphyrin (Ni-OEP) removal using carbon-based adsorbents. The evaluation variables, adsorption capacity (qe) and desorption percentage (%desorption) were optimized by means of the Differential Evolution algorithm. The most efficient adsorbent for removing/recovery Ni-OEP was activated-carbon coconut shell, in which dispersive π-π type and acid-base interactions were likely formed. The highest values of qe and %desorption were obtained using toluene as solvent, chloroform as diluent, 293 K as temperature, and 0.5 mg.mL-1 as solid/liquid ratio for adsorption, and a higher temperature (323 K) and lower solid/liquid ratio (0.2 mg.mL-1) for desorption. The optimization process resulted in qe of 6.91 mg.g-1 and %desorption of 35.2%. In the adsorption-desorption cycles, approximately 77% of the adsorbed porphyrins were recovered. The results demonstrated the potential of carbon-based materials as adsorbent materials for obtaining porphyrin compounds from oils and bituminous shales.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Users of digital environments have specific characteristics that differ from their social context and the degree of usability of Information and Communication Technologies for access to the most diverse informational platforms, in which such particularities must be considered to meet the informational needs of these individuals and provide a better experience in digital environments. A discipline that proposes to investigate aspects related to user experience in digital environments is User Experience (UX) and, from the application of usability techniques, it is possible to identify barriers that can affect user interaction. Objective: The present study aims to analyze the usability of the e-Campo portal, from Embrapa, based on Nielsen's heuristic. Methodology: The methodology adopted in this research is characterized as a bibliographical, qualitative and exploratory analysis. Results: In the 10 steps identified, 10 usability problems were found, with the violation of heuristic 4 (Consistency and standards) being the most recurrent. Conclusion: Aspects related to usability were verified, which may hinder access to the content available on the portal. Thus, the relevance of the user in the context of studies in the area of Information Science is verified so that the construction of more interactive systems that allow a satisfactory user experience can be proposed.

RESUMO Introdução: Os usuários de ambientes digitais possuem características específicas que diferem a partir do seu contexto social e do grau de usabilidade das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação para acesso às mais distintas plataformas informacionais, no qual tais particularidades devem ser consideradas para atender as necessidades informacionais desses indivíduos e proporcionar uma melhor experiência em ambientes digitais. Uma disciplina que se propõe a investigar aspectos relacionados à experiência do usuário nos ambientes digitais é a User Experience (UX) e, a partir da aplicação de técnicas de usabilidade é possível identificar barreiras que podem afetar a interação do usuário. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a usabilidade do portal e-Campo, da Embrapa, com base nas heurísticas de Nielsen. Metodologia: A metodologia adotada nesta pesquisa se caracteriza como bibliográfica, de análise qualitativa e de caráter exploratório. Resultados: Nas 10 etapas identificadas foram encontrados 10 problemas de usabilidade, sendo a violação da heurística 4 (Consistência e padrões) a mais recorrente. Conclusão: Verificou-se aspectos referentes à usabilidade, que podem dificultar o acesso aos conteúdos disponibilizados no portal. Assim, constata-se a relevância do usuário no contexto de estudos na área da Ciência da Informação para que se possa propor a construção de sistemas mais interativos que permitam uma experiência de uso satisfatória.

Abstract Museums have the mission of promoting and safeguarding objects of historical value and have undergone several modifications over time to take the focus off the object and give more importance to information and the visitor. Currently they encompass different types of experiences, either through digital and interactive elements, or through new approaches, such as storytelling, which has acted as a protagonist of these transformations. In this sense, the museum in the digital mode, known as virtual museum, plays an important role in this sharing of information and experiences. However, by having different modalities for navigation and interaction, especially in formats that simulate the physical visit, like virtual tours, they present some problems that have been identified in the literature, such as, solitary visit, lack of script to follow and little interaction with the exhibited objects. This literature review was conducted between 2013-2021 and 14 papers were selected for analysis. The results support the understanding of the role of narratives and the way museums use them in the virtual space and highlights the gaps of knowledge on the use of storytelling in this context.

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer is a global public health problem. Much progress has been made to improve its early detection. Despite Brazil’s efforts to reduce mortality indicators from this disease, they are still not sufficient compared to progress in other countries. The objective of this study is to present descriptors of the characteristics used in Malignity Associated Changes (MAC) in cervical cells for early detection of cervical cancer using Image Processing, Computer-Assisted. As a result, the 400 most used MAC descriptors were identified and their accuracy was calculated to be 86,94%. A naive Bayes net classifier was used. The potential of computational tracking technologies that can assist in the early identification of cervical cell anomalies and improve CCU tracking capabilities in Brazil and Latin American countries was evidenced.

RESUMEN El cáncer de cuello uterino cervical (CCU) es un problema de salud pública mundial. Se han logrado avances para mejorar su detección temprana. Sin embargo, en Brasil no han sido suficientes los esfuerzos por reducir los indicadores de mortalidad a causa de esta enfermedad en comparación con los avances de otros países. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar descriptores de las características utilizadas en los cambios asociados a la malignidad (MAC) en células del cuello uterino para la detección precoz del cáncer cervical mediante técnicas de procesamiento de imagen asistido por computador o procesamiento digital de imágenes (DIP). Como resultado, se identificaron los 400 descriptores MAC más utilizados en la literatura y se calculó que su precisión era del 86,94%. Se utilizó un programa informático clasificador de redes de Bayes. Se evidenció el potencial de las tecnologías computacionales en el auxilio del rastreo de CCU en Brasil y países de América Latina.

Abstract To improve the wear resistance of cutting tools made of high-speed steel, the Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coating appears as a promising alternative. There are several methods to assess wear, however, it is a challenge for manufacturing engineering to work with thin films, due to the uncertainty in the boundary of the substrate and the coating. Based on this concern, this study proposed the evaluation of the tribological behavior of the DLC coating deposited on AISI M35 steel, seeking to predict its behavior in machining conditions based on characterizations, nano-indentation, micro-abrasion and ball-on-disc test. Results showed that the DLC coating produced for this study consists mainly of sp2 hybridizations. The results of the nano-indentation showed that DLC coating may have a better wear resistance when compared to high-speed steel, and the nano-hardness and Young's modulus do not necessarily obey a positive correlation. Compared to high-speed steel, DLC provided reductions of 71% and 69% without micro-abrasive wear and without friction coefficient during sliding, respectively.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é dividido em duas partes: na primeira, visou-se expor o processo de tradução e adaptação da versão de Porto-Martins e Benevides-Pereira (2008) do Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES); na segunda parte, focou-se a validação do instrumento, considerando amostras de cinco estudos distintos independentes, com N=1934. O processo de adaptação foi composto por 13 passos, que incluíram, entre outras etapas, tradução e back translation. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, de confiabilidade e fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados denotaram qualidade estatística e consonância com os dados do manual oficial do UWES. Conclui-se, portanto, a validade da respectiva versão do UWES, assim como instigam-se futuros estudos, a fim de solidificar esse relevante constructo no contexto nacional.

Abstract The objective of this study is divided into two parts: the first part aimed at presenting the process of translation and adaptation of Porto-Martins and Benevides-Pereira's (2008) version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES); the second part focused on the validation of the instrument considering samples from five distinct and independent studies, with N=1,934. The adaptation process was composed of 13 steps, which included, among other steps, translation and back translation. Descriptive, reliability and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The results denoted statistical quality and agreement with the data in the official UWES manual. Therefore, the validity of the corresponding version of the UWES is concluded, and future studies are encouraged in order to solidify this relevant construct in the national context.

Resumo Atualmente, há uma necessidade de adaptação na educação superior devido às novas demandas da sociedade, nesse contexto, dois fatores merecem destaque, o engajamento acadêmico e a educação empreendedora. Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar se a educação empreendedora influencia o engajamento acadêmico e o potencial empreendedor em estudantes universitários participantes e não participantes de programas de educação empreendedora. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa e exploratória com amostra de 563 estudantes, a qual empregou como instrumentos a Escala para Identificar Potencial Empreendedor, o Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Students e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados evidenciaram que estudantes inscritos em programa de formação empreendedora possuem índices significativamente maiores de engajamento acadêmico e potencial empreendedor, quando comparados a acadêmicos de instituições que não possuem um programa dedicado a esta finalidade. Conclui-se, portanto, que investir em educação empreendedora pode fomentar a geração de estudantes mais engajados e com maior potencial empreendedor.

Abstract There is currently a need for adaptation in higher education due to the new demands of society. In this context, two factors are noteworthy: academic engagement and entrepreneurial education. This study aimed to examine whether entrepreneurship education influences academic engagement and entrepreneurial potential in college students participating and not participating in entrepreneurship education programs. It is a quantitative, exploratory, and correlational study on a 563-student sample, using the Entrepreneurial Potential Identification Scale - Escala para Identificar Potencial Empreendedor, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Students, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results showed that students who entered an entrepreneurial training program had significantly higher rates of academic engagement and entrepreneurial potential, when compared with academics from institutions that did not have a program designed for this purpose. It is concluded that investing in entrepreneurial education can foster the generation of more engaged students with greater entrepreneurial potential.

Resumen Actualmente, hay una necesidad de adaptación en la educación superior debido a las nuevas demandas de la sociedad, en este contexto, dos factores merecen atención, el compromiso académico y la educación emprendedora. El estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar si la educación emprendedora influye en el compromiso académico y en el potencial emprendedor en estudiantes que participaron y no participaron de programas de educación emprendedora; Esta es una investigación cuantitativa exploratoria y correlacional con una muestra de 563 estudiantes utilizando como instrumento la Escala para Identificar Potencial Emprendedores, el Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Students y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados muestran que estudiantes que ingresaron en programa de capacitación emprendedora poseen tasas significativamente más altas de participación académica y potencial empresarial, en comparación con académicos de instituciones que no tienen un programa dedicado para esta finalidad. Se concluye que invertir en educación empresarial puede fomentar la generación de estudiantes más comprometidos y con un mayor potencial emprendedor.

RESUMO Uma mulher com 63 anos de idade compareceu ao pronto-socorro com história aguda de febre, prostração e dispneia. Recebeu diagnóstico de quadro grave da COVID-19 e síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo. Apesar de suporte clínico intensivo, cumpriu os critérios para ser submetida à oxigenação venovenosa por membrana extracorpórea. No dia 34, após 7 dias de desmame da sedação com evolução positiva de seu quadro neurológico, apresentou uma crise tônico-clônica generalizada limitada, não relacionada com desequilíbrio hidroeletrolítico ou metabólico, que levou à necessidade de investigação diagnóstica. Seus exames de imagem cerebral revelaram síndrome da encefalopatia posterior reversível. Este caso enfatiza a questão das complicações neurológicas em pacientes com COVID-19 grave e a importância do diagnóstico e suporte precoces.

ABSTRACT A 63-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with an acute history of fever, prostration and dyspnea. She was diagnosed with severe COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome and, despite optimized critical care support, met the indications for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. On day 34, after 7 days of wean sedation with a positive evolution of neurologic status, she presented a limited generalized tonic-clonic seizure not related to hydroelectrolytic or metabolic imbalance, which led to a diagnostic investigation; her brain imaging tests showed a posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. This case emphasizes the issue of neurological complications in patients with severe COVID-19 infection and the importance of early diagnosis and support.

Resumo: A pandemia da covid-19 e o subsequente processo de confinamento conduziram a linhas de convulsão em diferentes setores da sociedade. Marcado por um contexto de instabilidade e incerteza, onde diferentes manifestações de transformação tecnológica, económica e social potenciam novas práticas e convenções, bem como suscitam novos e renovados desafios deontológicos, o jornalismo não é exceção. Com base nas respostas de um inquérito a 890 jornalistas portugueses, o presente artigo procura mapear os efeitos do estado de emergência de março a abril de 2020 nas práticas e rotinas, e nos preceitos ético-profissionais de uma atividade que avoca uma reavivada relevância num ambiente de desinformação e “infodemia”. Mais do que revelarem novos problemas, os resultados sugerem uma acentuação dos desafios e dilemas pré-existentes. No plano das práticas, indicia-se uma domiciliação relativamente transversal da atividade. Este fenómeno é acompanhado por marcas de despersonalização do contacto com as fontes e eventos, e por sinais de isolamento social dos jornalistas. No campo ético-deontológico, sublinha-se a emergência de questões deontológicas particulares no contexto da pandemia, onde os aspetos relacionados com o rigor - rejeição do sensacionalismo, distinção clara entre factos e opiniões ou repúdio de quaisquer formas de censura -, assim como os elementos subjacentes ao contacto com as fontes, assumem especial dimensão.

Abstract: The covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent process of confinement led to lines of convulsion in different sectors of society. Marked by a context of instability and uncertainty, where different manifestations of technological, economic and social transformation enhance new practices and conventions, as well as raising new and renewed deontological challenges, journalism is no exception. Based on the responses of a survey answered by 890 Portuguese journalists, this article seeks to map the effects of the March-April 2020 state of emergency on practices and routines, and on the ethical-professional precepts of an activity that calls for a revived relevance in an environment of disinformation and “infodemic”. More than revealing new problems, the results obtained suggest the intensification of the pre-existing challenges and dilemmas. In terms of practices, it is indicated that the activity is relatively domiciled. This phenomenon is accompanied by marks of depersonalization of contact with sources and events, and by signs of social isolation from journalists. In the ethical-deontological field, the emergence of particular deontological issues in the context of the pandemic, where aspects related to rigour - rejection of sensationalism, a clear distinction between facts and opinion or repudiation of any form of censorship - as well as to subsequent elements underlying contact with the sources, take on a special dimension.

Abstract Friction and wear are influenced by the surface conditions of the material, since there is deformation, segregation, generation of oxide films, among others. Roughness is an important characteristic in tribological studies, where the parameters of skewness and kurtosis have greater influence than the conventional parameters Ra and Rq. This study is aimed to investigate the influence of the parameters of skewness Rsk and Rku kurtosis on the surface of the USI AR 360 steel machining by the milling and turning processes in the pin-on-disc sliding wear test. Results showed that surfaces with the same Ra and Rq could be distinguished by the skewness parameter. Different behaviors were observed in the analysis of friction curves, where the skewness effect showed a tendency to reduce the friction coefficient. It was also observed that the feed marks orientation in relation to the sliding direction can influence the tribological behavior of the surfaces.