Avaliou-se o desempenho produtivo, reprodutivo e econômico de vacas da raça Holandesa, mantidas em pastagem de capim-coast-cross e suplementadas com 3 ou 6kg de concentrado/vaca/dia. O pastejo foi sob lotação rotacionada, com um dia de ocupação dos piquetes e 25 ou 35 dias de descanso nas épocas de chuvas ou de seca, respectivamente. A produção de leite foi influenciada pela quantidade de suplemento fornecida. Vacas que receberam 6kg de suplemento produziram mais leite (19,1kg/dia) do que as que receberam 3kg (15,5kg/dia). O primeiro estro pós-parto ocorreu aos 99,9 e 67,8 dias, respectivamente, pelos métodos de identificação visual e dosagem de progesterona, para vacas suplementadas com 3kg de concentrado, e 72,9 e 54,5 dias para as suplementadas com 6kg; os intervalos de partos, obtidos na mesma ordem dos tratamentos citados, foram de 444,8 e 436,8 dias. O método visual para identificação de estros não foi preciso e comprometeu a rentabilidade da atividade.

Productive, reproductive and economic performance of Holstein cows raised on coast-cross pasture and supplemented either 3 or 6kg of concentrate/cow/day were evaluated. Grazing was under rotating with one day of occupation of each feedlot and 25 or 35 days of resting in the rainy or dry seasons, respectively. Milk yield was higher for cows receiving 6kg of concentrate (19.1kg/day) than for cows receiving (15.5kg/day). The first post-calving estrous occurred on 99.9 and 67.8 days, respectively, by visual and progesterone dosage methods for cows fed 3kg of concentrate, and 72.9 and 54.5 days for those fed 6kg. The calving intervals were 444.8 and 436.8 days for cows fed 3kg and 6kg of concentrate, respectively. The visual method for estrous detection was not accurate and compromised business profitability.

Carpotroche brasiliensis is a native Brazilian tree belonging to the Oncobeae tribe of Flacourtiaceae. The oil extracted from its seeds contains as major constituents the same cyclopentenyl fatty acids hydnocarpic (40.5%), chaulmoogric (14.0%) and gorlic (16.1%) acids found in the better known chaulmoogra oil prepared from the seeds of various species of Hydnocarpus (Flacourtiaceae). These acids are known to be related to the pharmacological activities of these plants and to their use as anti-leprotic agents. Although C. brasiliensis oil has been used in the treatment of leprosy, a disease that elicits inflammatory responses, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the oil and its constituents have never been characterized. We describe the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of C. brasiliensis seed oil in acute and chronic models of inflammation and in peripheral and central nociception. The mixture of acids from C. brasiliensis administered orally by gavage showed dose-dependent (10-500 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, inhibiting both the edema by 30-40% and the associated hyperalgesia. The acid fraction (200 mg/kg) also showed significant antinociceptive activity in acetic acid-induced constrictions (57% inhibition) and formalin-induced pain (55% inhibition of the second phase) in Swiss mice. No effects were observed in the hot-plate (100 mg/kg; N = 10), rota-road (200 mg/kg; N = 9) or adjuvant-induced arthritis (50 mg/kg daily for 7 days; N = 5) tests, the latter a chronic model of inflammation. The acid fraction of the seeds of C. brasiliensis which contains cyclopentenyl fatty acids is now shown to have significant oral anti-inflammatory and peripheral antinociceptive effects.

Cromatografia líqüida de alta eficiência (HPLC) foi utilizada na identificação de isoniazida (hidrazida do ácido isonicotínico) no leite de bovinos tratados com a dose de 25 mg/kg/dia em dias alternados. Também foi verificado o efeito da pasteurização sobre a concentração residual de isoniazida no leite. A excreção da droga no leite apresentou variação cíclica com picos no primeiro dia após a administração da droga, média de 1104,48µg/l, e queda dois dias após, média de 104,12µg/l. Quatro dias após a última administração da droga não foi mais possível a identificação de resíduos de isoniazida no leite. Observou-se influência do peso corporal e da produção de leite sobre a quantidade da droga excretada. A pasteurização diminuiu, em média 47,07%, a concentração de resíduo de isoniazida no leite.

The high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the identification of isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide) in the milk of cattle treated with a dose of 25 mg/kg/day in alternated days. The effect of milk pasteurization on the isoniazid residue concentration was also studied. The drug excretion presented a cyclic variation, with higher levels in the first day after administration (aa), a mean of 1104.48µg/l, and a decrease two days aa, with a mean of 104.12µg/l. Four days after the last administration of the drug it was not possible to identify residues of isoniazid in the milk of treated animals. Body weight and milk yield influenced the amount of the excreted drug, and pasteurization decreased (mean 47.07%) the concentration of isoniazid residue in milk.