ABSTRACT Introduction: Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) replaces diseased or damaged bone marrow with another that normally functions. In Brazil, a nurse supervises nursing activities related to direct patient care, with other activities being exclusive to this profession. Due to the complexity of these patients, some BMT programs may choose to provide nursing care exclusively by registered nurses. Objectives: (i) To unveil nurses’ perceptions regarding the competencies required during the care process for patients in the Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit; and (ii) to identify whether nurses recognize an increase in quality in BMT units that implement nursing care exclusively by registered nurses. Methods: A descriptive-exploratory study with a concurrent mixed-methods approach was conducted in a large hospital in the South Zone of São Paulo city with nurses working in BMT in 2023. Results: From the analysis of interviews, it was possible to categorize the results into three categories: a) the competencies required for nurses in BMT; b) BMT as a specialization for nursing; c) the relationship between exclusive nursing care and outcomes in BMT. Conclusion: Five core competencies were identified: clinical reasoning, decision-making, teamwork, health education, and leadership. Professionals recognize an increase in the quality of nursing care provided in BMT when exclusively performed by registered nurses. Introduction (BMT functions Brazil profession Objectives i (i Unit ii (ii Methods descriptiveexploratory descriptive exploratory mixedmethods mixed methods 2023 Results interviews categories b c Conclusion identified reasoning decisionmaking, decisionmaking decision making, making decision-making teamwork education leadership 202 20 2

RESUMO Introdução: O transplante de medula óssea (TMO) é o processo de substituição de uma medula óssea doente ou lesada por outra com função normal. No Brasil, as atividades assistenciais relacionadas ao cuidado direto ao paciente são supervisionadas por um enfermeiro, sendo outras atividades privativas desse profissional. Devido à complexidade desses pacientes, alguns programas de TMO podem optar por prover o cuidado de enfermagem exclusivamente por enfermeiros. Objetivos: (i) Desvelar a percepção dos enfermeiros relativa às competências exigidas durante o processo de cuidado a pacientes na unidade de TMO e (ii) identificar se os enfermeiros reconhecem incremento da qualidade em unidades de TMO que implementam o cuidado de enfermagem exclusivamente por enfermeiros. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-exploratório com método misto concorrente realizado em um hospital de grande porte da Zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo com enfermeiros atuantes do TMO no ano de 2023. Resultados: A partir da análise das entrevistas, foi possível elencar os resultados em três categorias: a) as competências necessárias para atuação do enfermeiro no TMO; b) o TMO como especialização para a enfermagem; c) relação do cuidado exclusivo do enfermeiro com os resultados no TMO. Conclusão: Cinco competências centrais foram identificadas: raciocínio clínico, tomada de decisão, trabalho em equipe, educação em saúde e liderança. Os profissionais reconhecem o incremento da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem prestados no TMO quando realizados exclusivamente por enfermeiros. Introdução (TMO normal Brasil profissional Objetivos i (i ii (ii Métodos descritivoexploratório descritivo exploratório 2023 Resultados entrevistas categorias b c Conclusão identificadas clínico decisão equipe liderança 202 20 2

Abstract Background: Predicting difficult direct laryngoscopies remains challenging and improvements are needed in preoperative airway assessment. We conceived two new tests (the upper airway angle and the glottic height) and assessed their association with difficult direct laryngoscopies as well as their predictive performance. Methods: A prospective cohort was conducted with 211 patients undergoing general anesthesia for surgical procedures. We assessed the association between difficult laryngoscopies and modified Mallampati Test (MMT), Upper Lip Bite Test (ULBT), Mandibular Length (ML), Neck Circumference (NC), Mouth Opening (MO), Sternomental Distance (SMD), Thyromental Distance (TMD), Upper Airway Angle (UAA), and Glottic Height (GH). We also estimated their predictive values. Results: Difficult laryngoscopy was presented by 12 patients (5.7%). Six tests were significantly associated with difficult laryngoscopies and their area under the ROC curve, and 95% CIs were as follows: UAA = 88.82 (81.86–95.78); GH = 86.43 (72.67–100); ML = 83.75 (72.77–94.74); NC = 79.17 (64.98–93.36); MO = 65.58 (45.13–86.02); and MMT = 77.89 (68.37–87.41). Conclusion: We have found two new features (the UAA and the GH) to be significantly associated with the occurrence of difficult direct laryngoscopies. They also presented the best predictive performance amongst the nine evaluated tests in our cohort of patients. We cannot ensure, however, these tests to be superior to other regularly used bedside tests based on our estimated 95% CIs. Background assessment height Methods 21 procedures MMT, , (MMT) ULBT, ULBT (ULBT) ML, (ML) NC, (NC) MO, (MO) SMD, SMD (SMD) TMD, TMD (TMD) UAA, (UAA) GH. . (GH) values Results 1 5.7%. 57 5.7% 5 7 (5.7%) curve 95 follows 8882 88 82 88.8 81.86–95.78 81869578 81 86 78 (81.86–95.78) 8643 43 86.4 72.67–100 7267100 72 67 100 (72.67–100) 8375 83 75 83.7 72.77–94.74 72779474 77 94 74 (72.77–94.74) 7917 79 17 79.1 64.98–93.36 64989336 64 98 93 36 (64.98–93.36) 6558 65 58 65.5 45.13–86.02 45138602 45 13 02 (45.13–86.02) 7789 89 77.8 68.37–87.41. 68378741 68.37–87.41 68 37 87 41 (68.37–87.41) Conclusion ensure however 2 (MMT (ULBT (ML (NC (MO (SMD (TMD (UAA (GH 5.7 (5.7% 9 888 8 88. 81.86–95.7 8186957 (81.86–95.78 864 4 86. 72.67–10 726710 6 10 (72.67–100 837 83. 72.77–94.7 7277947 (72.77–94.74 791 79. 64.98–93.3 6498933 3 (64.98–93.36 655 65. 45.13–86.0 4513860 0 (45.13–86.02 778 77. 6837874 68.37–87.4 (68.37–87.41 5. (5.7 81.86–95. 818695 (81.86–95.7 72.67–1 72671 (72.67–10 72.77–94. 727794 (72.77–94.7 64.98–93. 649893 (64.98–93.3 45.13–86. 451386 (45.13–86.0 683787 68.37–87. (68.37–87.4 (5. 81.86–95 81869 (81.86–95. 72.67– 7267 (72.67–1 72.77–94 72779 (72.77–94. 64.98–93 64989 (64.98–93. 45.13–86 45138 (45.13–86. 68378 68.37–87 (68.37–87. (5 81.86–9 8186 (81.86–95 72.67 726 (72.67– 72.77–9 7277 (72.77–94 64.98–9 6498 (64.98–93 45.13–8 4513 (45.13–86 6837 68.37–8 (68.37–87 ( 81.86– 818 (81.86–9 72.6 (72.67 72.77– 727 (72.77–9 64.98– 649 (64.98–9 45.13– 451 (45.13–8 683 68.37– (68.37–8 81.86 (81.86– 72. (72.6 72.77 (72.77– 64.98 (64.98– 45.13 (45.13– 68.37 (68.37– 81.8 (81.86 (72. 72.7 (72.77 64.9 (64.98 45.1 (45.13 68.3 (68.37 81. (81.8 (72 (72.7 64. (64.9 45. (45.1 68. (68.3 (81. (7 (64. (45. (68. (81 (64 (45 (68 (8 (6 (4

Abstract Background There is currently some discussion over the actual usefulness of performing preoperative upper airway assessment to predict difficult airways. In this field, modified Mallampati test (MMT) is a widespread tool used for prediction of difficult airways showing only a feeble predictive performance as a diagnostic test. We therefore aimed at evaluating if MMT test would perform better when used as a screening test rather than diagnostic. Methods An accuracy prospective study was conducted with 570 patients undergoing general anesthesia for surgical procedures. We collected preoperatively data on sex, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), ASA physical status, and MMT. The main outcome was difficult laryngoscopy defined as Cormack and Lahane classes 3 or 4. Bivariate analyses were performed to build three different predictive models with their ROC curves. Results Difficult laryngoscopy was reported in 36 patients (6.32%). Sex, ASA physical status, and MMT were associated with difficult laryngoscopy, while body mass index (BMI) was not. The MMT cut-off with the highest odds ratio was the class II, which also presented significantly higher sensitivity (94.44%). The balanced accuracy was 67.11% (95% CI: 62.78-71.44%) for the cut-off of class II and 71.68% (95% CI: 63.83-79.54) for the class III. Conclusion MMT seems to be more clinically useful when the class II is employed as the threshold for possible difficult laryngoscopies. At this cut-off, MMT shows the considerable highest sensitivity plus the highest odds ratio, prioritizing thus the anticipation of difficult laryngoscopies.

RESUMO No presente artigo apresentam-se resultados de pesquisa exploratória visando identificar modos pelos quais crianças pré-escolares podem aprender a utilizar elementos semióticos no aprimoramento de sua memória mediada. O método utilizado foi um jogo de cartas, planejado especialmente para a pesquisa e realizado com 6 grupos de 3 crianças (18 participantes) da faixa etária entre 5 e 6 anos, pertencentes a uma turma de Educação Infantil de uma escola municipal. Os resultados permitiram refletir sobre a apropriação de estratégias de mediação da memória no desenvolvimento humano. Esses resultados são contrastados com as etapas de constituição da memória mediada apresentadas por L. S. Vigotski e colaboradores, destacando-se a importância da mediação do pesquisador e dos pares e seus efeitos sobre o deslocamento entre os níveis de memória. Espera-se que o estudo permita o avanço de pesquisas sobre o tema e contribua para fundamentar práticas pedagógicas potentes para o desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas superiores.

ABSTRACT This article presents results of exploratory research aimed at identifying ways in which pre-school children can learn to use semiotic elements to improve their mediated memory. The method used was a card game, planned especially for the research and carried out with 6 groups of 3 children (18 participants) aged between 5 and 6 years old, belonging to a kindergarten class at a municipal school. The results allowed us to reflect on the appropriation of memory mediation strategies in human development. These results are contrasted with the stages of constitution of mediated memory presented by L. S. Vigotski and collaborators, highlighting the importance of the mediation of the researcher and peers, and their effects on the displacement between the levels of memory. It is expected that the study will allow the advancement of research on the topic and contribute to support powerful pedagogical practices for the development of higher psychic functions.

RESUMEN Se presentan resultados de investigación exploratoria con objetivo de identificar modos por los cuales niños preescolares pueden aprender a utilizar elementos semióticos en el mejoramiento de su memoria mediada. El método utilizado fue un juego de barajas, planeado especialmente para la investigación y realizado con 6 grupos de 3 niños (18 participantes) de la franja de edad entre 5 y 6 años, pertenecientes a un grupo de Educación Infantil de una escuela municipal. Los resultados permitieron pensar sobre a apropiación de estrategias de mediación de la memoria en el desarrollo humano. Estos resultados son contrastados con las etapas de constitución de la memoria mediada presentadas por L. S. Vygotsky y colaboradores, destacándose la importancia de la mediación del investigador y de los pares y sus efectos sobre el desplazamiento entre los niveles de memoria. Se espera que el estudio permita el avance de investigaciones sobre el tema y colabore a fundamentar prácticas pedagógicas potentes al desarrollo de las funciones psíquicas superiores.

Abstract The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 recognized the importance of Li-ion batteries and the revolution they allowed to happen during the past three decades. They are part of a broader class of electrochemical energy storage devices, which are employed where electrical energy is needed on demand and so, the electrochemical energy is converted into electrical energy as required by the application. This opens a variety of possibilities on the utilization of energy storage devices, beyond the well-known mobile applications, assisting on the decarbonization of energy production and distribution. In this series of reviews in two parts, two main types of energy storage devices will be explored: electrochemical capacitors (part I) and rechargeable batteries (part II). More specifically, we will discuss about the materials used in each type of device, their main role in the energy storage process, their advantages and drawbacks and, especially, strategies to improve their performance. In the present part, electrochemical capacitors will be addressed. Their fundamental difference to batteries is explained considering the process at the electrode/electrolyte surface and the impact in performance. Materials used in electrochemical capacitors, including double layer capacitors and pseudocapacitive materials will be reviewed, highlighting the importance of electrolytes. As an important part of these strategies, synthetic routes for the production of nanoparticles will also be approached (part I).

Abstract In the second part of the review on electrochemical energy storage, the devolvement of batteries is explored. First, fundamental aspects of battery operation will be given, then, different materials and chemistry of rechargeable batteries will be explored, including each component of the cell. In negative electrodes, metallic, intercalation and transformation materials will be addressed. Examples are Li or Na metal batteries, graphite and other carbonaceous materials (such as graphene) for intercalation of metal-ions and transition metal oxides and silicon for transformation. In the positive electrode section, materials for intercalation and transformation will be reviewed. The state-of-the-art on intercalation as lithium cobalt oxide and nickel containing oxides will be approached for intercalation materials, whereas sulfur and metal-air will also be explored for transformation. Alongside, the role of electrolyte will be discussed concerning performance and safety, with examples for the next generation devices. Finally, a general future perspective will address both electrochemical capacitors and batteries.