Resumo Objetivo avaliar o efeito do monitoramento de enfermagem avançado em relação ao usual para identificação do risco cardiovascular e renal, adesão medicamentosa e prática de exercícios na atenção primária à saúde. Método estudo quantitativo, quase-experimental desenvolvido na Atenção primária. Em relação a intervenção, foram consultas de enfermagem trimestrais de monitoramento avançado e laboratorial trimestral. Para coleta de dados, aplicou-se questionário sociodemográfico, escala Morisky e Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física. Resultados sexo feminino predominou nos dois grupos intervenção e controle (62,79% vs. 76,74%). O percentual de pacientes sem risco cardiovascular do grupo intervenção superou o grupo controle da consulta 1 para consulta 3, (0,00% - 25,58% vs. 6,98 - 2,33). Adesão medicamentosa máxima, ao longo do tempo, foi superior no grupo intervenção comparado ao grupo controle (48,8% vs. 23,3%). O risco cardiovascular dos usuários interferiu na atividade física de forma significativa no grupo intervenção e controle (p=0,0261 vs. 0,0438). Conclusões e implicações para a prática a monitorização avançada possibilitou uma melhor identificação de pacientes de risco e orientações aos pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos com risco cardiovascular e renal, o que favoreceu o monitoramento avançado e contribuiu ao autogerenciamento da prática de exercícios e adesão medicamentosa, a partir de consultas de enfermagem.

Abstract Objective to evaluate the effect of advanced versus usual Nursing monitoring to identify cardiovascular and renal risk, adherence to medication and practice of physical exercise in Primary Health Care. Method a quantitative and quasi-experimental study developed in Primary Care. In relation to the intervention, there were quarterly Nursing advanced monitoring consultations and quarterly laboratory control. For data collection, a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Morisky scale and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were applied. Results the female gender predominated both in the intervention and in the control group (62.79% vs. 76.74%). The percentage of patients without cardiovascular risk in the intervention group exceeded the control group from consultation 1 to consultation 3 (0.00% - 25.58% vs. 6.98 - 2.33). Maximum adherence to medication, over time, was higher in the intervention group when compared to the control group (48.8% vs. 23.3%). The users' cardiovascular risk significantly interfered with physical activity in the intervention and control groups (p=0.0261 vs. 0.0438). Conclusions and implications for the practice advanced monitoring enabled better identification of at-risk patients and guidelines for the hypertensive and diabetic patients at cardiovascular and renal risk, which favored advanced monitoring and contributed to self-management of the practice of physical exercise and adherence to medication, based on Nursing consultations.

Resumen Objetivo evaluar el efecto de la monitorización avanzada de enfermería frente a la habitual para identificar el riesgo cardiovascular y renal, la adherencia a la medicación y la práctica del ejercicio en la atención primaria de salud. Método estudio cuasiexperimental cuantitativo desarrollado en Atención Primaria. En cuanto a la intervención, se realizaron consultas de enfermería trimestrales para seguimiento avanzado y laboratorio trimestral. Para la recopilación de datos se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, escala de Morisky y Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. Resultados el género femenino predominó tanto en el grupo de intervención como en el de control (62,79% vs 76,74%). El porcentaje de pacientes sin riesgo cardiovascular en el grupo de intervención superó al grupo de control desde la cita 1 hasta la cita 3 (0,00% - 25,58% frente a 6,98 - 2,33). La adherencia máxima al fármaco, a lo largo del tiempo, fue mayor en el grupo de intervención en comparación con el grupo de control (48,8% frente a 23,3%). El riesgo cardiovascular de los usuarios interfirió significativamente con la actividad física en los grupos de intervención y control (p = 0,0261 frente a 0,0438). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica la monitorización avanzada permitió identificar mejor a los pacientes en riesgo y orientar a los pacientes hipertensos y diabéticos con riesgo cardiovascular y renal, lo que favoreció el monitoreo avanzado y contribuyó al autocontrol de la práctica de ejercicio y la adherencia a la medicación, desde las consultas de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a influência das diferentes angulações internas de conexões protéticas cônicas em próteses parciais fixas de três elementos, em relação a distribuição de tensões no osso cortical e medular adjacente, também como nos implantes e componentes protéticos através do método dos elementos finitos. Métodos: Foram analisados de forma quantitativa e qualitativa, através do método de elementos finitos, as tensões de tração, compressão e cisalhamento no osso cortical e medular, e tensões de von Misses nos implantes e componentes protéticos de dois implantes, um com conexão cônica de 11.5 graus e o outro de 16 graus. Ambos em prótese múltipla de três elementos. Resultados: Na análise quantitativa, tanto no osso cortical quanto no medular, os picos de tensão nas forças de tração, compressão, e de cisalhamento foram maiores para o grupo CM16, se comparado ao CM11,5, exceto a força de cisalhamento do osso cortical, que obteve valores muito próximos em ambos os grupos. Ao se analisar qualitativamente, os ossos corticais e medulares apresentaram um maior stress ao redor da plataforma dos implantes com incidência maior no implante na região do molar. Na análise von Misses em ambos os grupos, as tensões concentraram-se na região cervical dos implantes, nas primeiras roscas, nas regiões de pré-molar e molar. No que diz respeito aos pilares protéticos, a concentração de tensões foi localizada na região de contato com o implante. Conclusão: Podemos concluir que conforme o ângulo da interface implante-pilar aumenta, ocorre uma incidência maior de tensões em todas as áreas envolvidas nesse estudo.

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate the biomechanical behavior of the influence of different internal angles of conical prosthetic connections in fixed partial prostheses of three elements, through the tridimensional finite element method. Methods: Two different models of segment of the posterior portion of the mandible, with two implants with conical connections at angulations of 11.5 and 16 degrees. Afterwards, and occlusal load of 180N was used, and divided into 2 points of application on the premolar, and 400N divided into 5 points of application on the molar. Data were acquired as the tensile, compressive and shear stresses on cortical and medullary bone, and von Mises stresses on implants and prosthetic components of two implants in both in three-unit fixed partial prosthesis. In the quantitative analysis, both in cortical and medullary bone, the tension peaks in tensile, compression, and shear forces were higher for the CM16 group. Results: When analyzing qualitatively, the cortical and medullary bones presented a greater stress around the implant platform with a higher incidence in the implant in the molar region. In the von Misses analysis in both groups, the tensions were concentrated in the cervical region of the implants, in the first threads, in the premolar and molar regions. Regarding prosthetic pillars, the stress concentration was located in the region of contact with the implant. Conclusion: The increased angulation of conicity of the internal conical connections represents a determinant factor to increase in stress concentration in the implants, prosthetic components and adjacent structures, such as the cortical and medullary bone.

Abstract Geographic information systems make it possible to obtain fine scale maps for environmental monitoring from airborne sensors on aerial platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which offer products with low costs and high space-time resolution. The present study assessed the performance of an UAV in the evaluation of the seasonal behavior of five vegetation coverages: Coffea spp., Eucalyptus spp., Pinus spp. and two forest remnants. For this, vegetation indices (Excess Green and Excess Red minus Green), meteorological data and moisture of surface soils were used. In addition, Sentinel-2 satellite images were used to validate these results. The highest correlations with soil moisture were found in coffee and Forest Remnant 1. The Coffea spp. had the indices with the highest correlation to the studied soil properties. However, the UAV images also provided relevant results for understanding the dynamics of forest remnants. The Excess Green index (p = 0.96) had the highest correlation coefficients for Coffea spp., while the Excess Red minus Green index was the best index for forest remnants (p = 0.75). The results confirmed that low-cost UAVs have the potential to be used as a support tool for phenological studies and can also validate satellite-derived data.

Abstract The present study aims to investigate the variability of catches by trawling fleet vessels licensed to operate under the ‘diverse fish’ license in relation to the depth gradient and the hydrological cycle of the Amazon River. For this purpose, vessels operating in this category were accompanied by on-board observers on the inner Amazon shelf, during January, April and July 2013 and in April, May, August and September 2014. A total of 115,505 kg of fish was harvested, distributed among 22 species. The flood period was the most representative, with a total of 43,122 kg, followed by the ebb period (28,749 kg), the rainy period (23,171 kg) and the dry period (20,424 kg). Kingfish (Macrodon ancylodon) was the most abundant fish in all seasons (79.7%). Significant differences were observed in fish composition in relation to the depth gradient and hydrodynamics of the Amazon River, with higher richness and diversity (Margalef index) during flood periods and at greater depths throughout the study period. We also observed a significant interaction between river flow and depth category, with more diversified fish fauna attributed to ebbs and floods in shallow and deep waters at the mouth of the Amazon River. Considering that the license for ‘diverse fish’ was established as an alternative to fishing for marine shrimp in closed season, the need for effective monitoring of this fishing system is reiterated for an efficient assessment of the impacts in the fish community structure.

ABSTRACT Objective to determine whether decreased hemoglobin rate after myocardial revascularization surgery interferes with patients’ renal function. Method this prospective, observational study was conducted between February and June 2016 with 51 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization surgery at a specialist cardiology hospital specializing in the Federal District. Data were collected using a structured instrument. The Fisher’s exact, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. The research project was approved by the research ethics committee (Protocol 44999215.9.0000.0026). Results 45 patients (78.9%) developed acute kidney injury after myocardial revascularization. Oldest age (64 ± 9 years, p = 0.05), cardiopulmonary bypass time (p = 0.05), body mass index (p = 0.02), use of antibiotics (p = 0.03), and decreased hemoglobin rate (p = 0.04) contributed to acute kidney injury. Conclusion decreased hemoglobin rate was statistically associated with acute kidney injury following myocardial revascularization.

RESUMEN Objetivo verificar si la reduciendo la tasa de hemoglobina en el postoperatorio de revascularización miocárdica interfiere con la función renal de los pacientes. Método estudio observacional prospectivo realizado entre febrero y junio de 2016 con 51 pacientes que se sometieron a una cirugía de revascularización miocárdica en un hospital especializado en cardiología en el Distrito Federal. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando un instrumento estructurado. La prueba exacta de Fisher, Chi-cuadrado y Kruskal-Wallis se utilizaron para el análisis estadístico. Los resultados se consideraron significativos con p≤0.05. Proyecto de investigación aprobado por el Comité de Ética, protocolo 44999215.9.0000.0026. Resultados se observó que 45 (78,9%) pacientes desarrollaron lesión renal aguda después de la revascularización miocárdica. Edad avanzada (64 ± 9 años, p = 0.05), tiempo de circulación corporal extra (p = 0.05), índice de masa corporal (p = 0.02), uso de antibióticos (p = 0.03) y tasa de hemoglobina reducida (p = 0.04), contribuyó a lesión renal aguda. Conclusión reduciendo la tasa de hemoglobina contribuyó a lesión renal aguda después de la revascularización miocárdica.

RESUMO Objetivo verificar se a redução da taxa de hemoglobina no pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio interfere na função renal dos pacientes. Método estudo observacional e prospectivo, desenvolvido entre fevereiro e junho de 2016, com 51 pacientes que realizaram cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio em um hospital especializado em cardiologia do Distrito Federal. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um instrumento estruturado. O teste exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis foram empregados para análise estatística. Considerou-se significativo resultados com p≤0,05. Projeto de pesquisa aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética, protocolo 44999215.9.0000.0026. Resultados entre os pacientes, 45 (78,9%) evoluíram com lesão renal aguda após revascularização do miocárdio. Idade mais elevada (64±9 anos, p=0,05), tempo de circulação extracorpórea (p=0,05), índice de massa corporal (p=0,02), uso de antibióticos (p=0,03) e redução da taxa de hemoglobina (p=0,04), contribuíram para lesão renal aguda. Conclusão a redução da taxa de hemoglobina foi associada estatisticamente à lesão renal aguda após revascularização do miocárdio.

ABSTRACT Gully erosion is a severe way of land degradation. Gullies threaten the sustainability of agro-ecosystems, causing quantitative and qualitative reduction of groundwater, farmland productivity, and waterways sedimentation. Since the gully development on the surface begins with water flow and sheet erosion, accurate monitoring of the erosive processes in a gully system and its quantification is key for the development of effective strategies to control soil erosion in gullies. Here, we demonstrate the first use of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and structure-from-motion/multiview-stereo photogrammetry to evaluate the relative contribution of the different types of erosion (sheet, rill, and gully sidewall) in the gully development. A gully located at Lavras, Brazil, was surveyed using a UAV equipped with a RGB camera. The Precision Maps (PM) variant of the Multiscale Model to Model Cloud Compare (M3C2) algorithm was used to calculate spatial changes in the soil surface topography and to quantify the volumes of sediments lost and gained in the gully system. The point clouds showed root mean square errors of order ~ 3 mm on xyz on check points. The spatial variation of precision along the gully ranged from 0.006 to 0.276 m, considering the M3C2-PM uncertainty values. The results revealed that the main source of sediment in the gully studied was due to the mass movement processes. Rills and laminar erosions contributed 8 and 3 %, respectively, to the total sediment yield, while the mass movements corresponded with most of the sediment generation in the gully. Of the total sediment produced in the system, only 24 % was stored in the gully, indicating its high activity and instability. For the first time, the sediment sources of a gully were quantified remotely and with millimetric precision. The UAV photogrammetry generated high-resolution measurements, allowing evaluation of the contribution of sheet erosion in the generation of sediment of the gully. This opens up new possibilities in the studies involving the dynamics of gullies, since the understanding of the spatial and temporal behaviour of the erosive processes are important in the development of control strategies and monitoring of the evolution of a gullies complex.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la relación entre variaciones del clearance de creatinina (CLCr) y los factores clínicos de pacientes internados en medicina interna. Material y Método: Estudio longitudinal, del tipo cohorte prospectivo, cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital público del Distrito Federal. 85 pacientes evolucionaron con Lesión Renal Aguda (LRA), de acuerdo con la clasificación de las normas KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Guidelines). El seguimiento fue hasta 1 mes post-alta hospitalaria. La gravedad de los pacientes fue medida a través del Índice de Comorbilidad de Charlson. Se consideraron significativos resultados con p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: 51,8% de los pacientes eran del sexo masculino. Entre las comorbilidades se destacaron hipertensión arterial (70,6%), diabetes mellitus (57,6%) y las cardiopatías (52,9%). El tiempo de permanencia hospitalaria (p = 0,001) y la edad (p = 0,05) estuvieron asociadas a la peor función renal. Los pacientes con ClCr ≤ 30 ml/min estuvieron asociados a una mayor tasa de mortalidad (p = 0,007). Conclusión: Edad avanzada y el mayor tiempo de internación hospitalaria se asociaron al empeoramiento de la función renal (ClCr < 60 ml/ min). Aquellos con severo empeoramiento de la función renal (CLCr < 30 ml/min) presentaron mayor tasa de mortalidad.

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the relationship between variations in creatinine clearance (ClCr) and clinical factors in hospitalized patients in internal medicine. Material and Method: A prospective, quantitative, cohort study conducted at the medical clinic of a public hospital in Distrito Federal. 85 patients progressed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), according to the Kidney Disease Improving Glogal Guidelines (KDIGO) classification. Patients were followed-up to 1 month after hospital discharge. Patient severity was measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Results with p ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: 51.8% of the patients were male. Most common comorbidities were hypertension (70.6%), diabetes mellitus (57.6%) and heart disease (52.9%). The length of hospital stay (p = 0.001) and age (p = 0.05) were associated with worse renal function. Patients with CrCl ≤ 30 ml/min were associated with a higher mortality rate (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Older patients and longer hospital stay were associated with worsening renal function (CrCl < 60 ml/min). Those with severe worsening of renal function (CrCl < 30 ml/min) presented higher mortality rate.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre variações do clearance de creatinina (ClCr) e os fatores clínicos de pacientes internados em clínica médica. Material e Método: Estudo longitudinal, do tipo coorte prospectivo, quantitativo, realizado em um hospital público do Distrito Federal. 85 pacientes evoluíram com Lesão Renal Aguda (LRA), de acordo com a classificação Kidney Disease: Improving Glogal Guidelines (KDIGO). O acompanhamento foi até 1 mês pós-alta hospitalar. A gravidade dos pacientes foi medida através do Índice de Comorbidade de Charlson. Considerou-se significativo resultados com p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: 51,8% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino. Entre as comorbidades se destacaram hipertensão arterial (70,6%), diabetes mellitus (57,6%) e as cardiopatias (52,9%). O tempo de permanência hospitalar (p= 0,001) e a idade (p= 0,05) estiveram associadas a pior função renal. Pacientes com ClCr ≤ 30 ml/min estiveram associados a uma maior taxa de mortalidade (p= 0,007). Conclusão: Idade avançada e maior tempo de internação hospitalar se associaram a piora da função renal (ClCr < 60 ml/min). Àqueles com severa piora da função renal (ClCr < 30 ml/min) apresentaram maior taxa mortalidade.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a identificação, medidas de prevenção e de autocuidado direcionadas à lesão renal aguda (LRA) em hipertensos e/ou diabéticos na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Método Estudo transversal e quantitativo. Amostra constituída de 57 enfermeiros atuantes na APS. Adotou-se questionário semiestruturado para coleta de dados. Realizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial. Considerou-se significativo resultado com p≤0,05. Resultados O perfil dos enfermeiros era jovem (idade 42± 9 anos) e tempo de exercício profissional de 9±6 anos. O conhecimento sobre aspectos gerais relacionados a LRA mostrou-se abaixo da média (48±19 pontos), embora, uma maioria, tenha descrito o conceito corretamente 41 (71,9%). Os fatores de risco relacionados à LRA foram majoritariamente: exposição às drogas 56 (98,2%) e diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). O tempo de atuação na APS aliado ao conhecimento insuficiente sobre alteração do valor da creatinina sérica implicou na decisão sobre a necessidade de encaminhamento ao nefrologista (p=0,004). Conclusões e implicações para a prática O conhecimento dos enfermeiros mostrou-se insuficiente para reconhecimento dos fatores de risco, prevenção e autocuidado da doença renal. Evidencia-se, portanto, a necessidade de capacitação dos enfermeiros da APS para otimizar a identificação precoce da LRA, evitando progressão e cronificação dessa doença.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe nurses' knowledge about the identification, prevention and self-care measures directed to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in hypertensive and / or diabetic patients in Primary Health Care (PHC). Method Cross-sectional and quantitative study. Sample consisting of 57 nurses working in primary health care (PHC). The semi-structured questionnaire was adopted for data collection. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. The result with p≤0.05 was considered significant. Results The nurses' profile was young (age 42 ± 9 years old) and professional practice time being 9 ± 6 years. Knowledge about general aspects related to AKI was identified as below average (48±19 points), however, although the concept was correctly described by a majority 41 (71.9%). Risk factors recognized as determinant for AKI were mostly drug exposure 56 (98.2%) and diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). The length of practice in PHC was associated with reduced knowledge about the need for referral to the nephrologist based on serum creatinine value (p=0.004). Conclusion and implications for the practice Nurses' knowledge was insufficient for recognition of risk factors, prevention and self-care activities of kidney disease. Thus, there is a need for permanent training of nurses in PHC to optimize the early identification of AKI, avoiding progression, and chronification and complications of this disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir el conocimiento de las enfermeras en materia de medidas de identificación, prevención y autocuidado, dirigidas a la lesión renal aguda (LRA) en pacientes hipertensos y / o diabéticos en atención primaria de salud (APS). Método estudio transversal y cuantitativo. Muestra compuesta por 57 enfermeras que trabajan en atención primaria de salud (APS). Se adoptó un cuestionario semiestructurado para la recopilación de datos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial. El resultado con p≤0.05 se consideró significativo. Resultados El perfil de las enfermeras se circunscribió a personas jóvenes (edad 42 ± 9 años) con tiempo de práctica profesional de 9 ± 6 años. Sin embargo, el conocimiento sobre los aspectos generales vinculados con la LRA se consideró por debajo del promedio (48±19 puntos), aunque el concepto se describió de manera adecuada por la mayoría (41, equivalente a 71.9%). Los factores de riesgo reconocidos como determinantes para la LRA fueron principalmente la exposición a medicamentos (56, equivalente a 98.2%) y la diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). La duración de la práctica en APS se asoció con un conocimiento reducido sobre la necesidad de derivación al nefrólogo basado en el valor de creatinina sérica (p=0,004). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica El conocimiento de las enfermeras era insuficiente para el reconocimiento de los factores de riesgo, prevención y autocuidado de la enfermedad renal. Por lo tanto, se advierte la necesidad de capacitación permanente de enfermeras en APS para optimizar la identificación temprana de LRA, y evitar la progresión, la cronificación y las complicaciones de la enfermedad.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe nurses' knowledge about the identification, prevention and self-care measures directed to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in hypertensive and / or diabetic patients in Primary Health Care (PHC). Method Cross-sectional and quantitative study. Sample consisting of 57 nurses working in primary health care (PHC). The semi-structured questionnaire was adopted for data collection. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed. The result with p≤0.05 was considered significant. Results The nurses' profile was young (age 42 ± 9 years old) and professional practice time being 9 ± 6 years. Knowledge about general aspects related to AKI was identified as below average (48±19 points), however, although the concept was correctly described by a majority 41 (71.9%). Risk factors recognized as determinant for AKI were mostly drug exposure 56 (98.2%) and diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). The length of practice in PHC was associated with reduced knowledge about the need for referral to the nephrologist based on serum creatinine value (p=0.004). Conclusion and implications for the practice Nurses' knowledge was insufficient for recognition of risk factors, prevention and self-care activities of kidney disease. Thus, there is a need for permanent training of nurses in PHC to optimize the early identification of AKI, avoiding progression, and chronification and complications of this disease.

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir el conocimiento de las enfermeras en materia de medidas de identificación, prevención y autocuidado, dirigidas a la lesión renal aguda (LRA) en pacientes hipertensos y / o diabéticos en atención primaria de salud (APS). Método estudio transversal y cuantitativo. Muestra compuesta por 57 enfermeras que trabajan en atención primaria de salud (APS). Se adoptó un cuestionario semiestructurado para la recopilación de datos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo e inferencial. El resultado con p≤0.05 se consideró significativo. Resultados El perfil de las enfermeras se circunscribió a personas jóvenes (edad 42 ± 9 años) con tiempo de práctica profesional de 9 ± 6 años. Sin embargo, el conocimiento sobre los aspectos generales vinculados con la LRA se consideró por debajo del promedio (48±19 puntos), aunque el concepto se describió de manera adecuada por la mayoría (41, equivalente a 71.9%). Los factores de riesgo reconocidos como determinantes para la LRA fueron principalmente la exposición a medicamentos (56, equivalente a 98.2%) y la diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). La duración de la práctica en APS se asoció con un conocimiento reducido sobre la necesidad de derivación al nefrólogo basado en el valor de creatinina sérica (p=0,004). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica El conocimiento de las enfermeras era insuficiente para el reconocimiento de los factores de riesgo, prevención y autocuidado de la enfermedad renal. Por lo tanto, se advierte la necesidad de capacitación permanente de enfermeras en APS para optimizar la identificación temprana de LRA, y evitar la progresión, la cronificación y las complicaciones de la enfermedad.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre a identificação, medidas de prevenção e de autocuidado direcionadas à lesão renal aguda (LRA) em hipertensos e/ou diabéticos na atenção primária à saúde (APS). Método Estudo transversal e quantitativo. Amostra constituída de 57 enfermeiros atuantes na APS. Adotou-se questionário semiestruturado para coleta de dados. Realizou-se análise descritiva e inferencial. Considerou-se significativo resultado com p≤0,05. Resultados O perfil dos enfermeiros era jovem (idade 42± 9 anos) e tempo de exercício profissional de 9±6 anos. O conhecimento sobre aspectos gerais relacionados a LRA mostrou-se abaixo da média (48±19 pontos), embora, uma maioria, tenha descrito o conceito corretamente 41 (71,9%). Os fatores de risco relacionados à LRA foram majoritariamente: exposição às drogas 56 (98,2%) e diabetes mellitus 49 (86%). O tempo de atuação na APS aliado ao conhecimento insuficiente sobre alteração do valor da creatinina sérica implicou na decisão sobre a necessidade de encaminhamento ao nefrologista (p=0,004). Conclusões e implicações para a prática O conhecimento dos enfermeiros mostrou-se insuficiente para reconhecimento dos fatores de risco, prevenção e autocuidado da doença renal. Evidencia-se, portanto, a necessidade de capacitação dos enfermeiros da APS para otimizar a identificação precoce da LRA, evitando progressão e cronificação dessa doença.

ABSTRACT The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques can contribute to increase the accessibility, accuracy, and resolution of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) used for soil erosion monitoring. This study aimed to evaluate the use of four DEMs obtained over a year to monitor erosion processes in an erosion-degraded area, with occurrence of rill and gully erosions, and its correlation with accumulated rainfall during the studied period. The DEMs of Geomorphic Change Detection (GCD) of horizontal and vertical resolutions of 0.10 and 0.06 m were obtained. It was possible to detect events of erosion and deposition volumes of the order of 2 m3, with a volumetric error of ∼50 %, in rills and gullies in the initial stage denominated R and GS-I, respectively. Events of the order of 100 m3, with a volumetric error around 14 % were found for advanced gullies, a segment denominated GS-II. In the three studied erosion situations, the deposition volume increased with the accumulated rainfall. The segments R and GS-I presented an inverse relationship between erosion volume and accumulated rainfall during the studied period. This behaviour can be explained by the dynamics of the deposition and erosion volumes during the erosion process. In the GS-II segment, erosion and deposition volumes were proportional and a direct relation with the cumulative rainfall over the studied period and a low percentage of volumetric error were found.

RESUMO A utilização de resíduos de fibras vegetais em matrizes cimentícias pode ser uma alternativa tecnológica sustentável porém ainda apresenta problemas relacionados com a compatibilidade química entre o cimento e a fibra. No presente trabalho foi estudada a compatibilidade de resíduos de fibras vegetais com cimento por três métodos de cálculo e determinadas as propriedades físicas das fibras, além de obtida a curva da evolução temporal da temperatura para cada compósito. Foi analisada a superfície dos compósitos a partir de imagens obtidas em microscópio de força atômica cujos resultados indicaram que o tratamento prévio de lavagem da fibra favorece significativamente a compatibilidade com cimento das fibras de eucalipto, coco e de cacau, não tendo influência para a fibra de baronesa; as análises de correlações bivariadas apontam um favorecimento da compatibilidade dos compósitos com a diminuição dos valores de grau de inchamento, densidade pacote e massa específica; os resultados comprovaram que existe um potencial de utilização da fibra vegetal na construção civil e que as propriedades físicas de cada tipo de fibra podem oferecer elementos para sua seleção e pre-tratamento.

ABSTRACT The use of vegetable fiber residue in cementitious matrices can be a sustainable technological alternative; however, it still has problems related to the chemical compatibility between the cement and the fibers. The present study evaluated the compatibility of vegetable fibers with cement using three methods of calculation and determined certain physical properties of the fibers and the curve of the temporal evolution of temperature for each composite. The surfaces of the composites were evaluated through atomic force microscope images and the results showed that the pretreatment of fiber washing significantly favors the compatibility with cement for fibers of eucalyptus, coconut and cocoa, with no influence for water hyacinth fiber. Bivariate correlation analyses showed that the compatibility of the composites is favored by the reduction in the degree of swelling, packing density and specific mass. The results showed that there is a potential use of plant fiber in civil construction and that the physical properties of each type of fiber can offer elements for its selection and pretreatment.

Objetivos: Apresentar 20 casos de ceratite fúngica do Hospital São Geraldo, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil e analisá-los quanto aos fatores associados, fungos identificados e tratamento instituído. Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de 20 pacientes (20 olhos) com ceratite fúngica, confirmada pela cultura, durante o período de janeiro de 1994 a dezembro de 1999 no Hospital São Geraldo. Resultados: Quinze pacientes (75%) eram do sexo masculino. A idade variou de 9 a 67 anos (média de 35,7 anos). Um dos fatores associados analisado foi o trauma ocular (60%). O fungo mais freqüentemente isolado foi o Fusarium sp (60%), seguido pelo Aspergillus sp (30%). Natamicina foi o antifúngico tópico mais freqüentemente utilizado. No que diz respeito ao tratamento sistêmico, a droga mais utilizada foi o cetoconazol. Quatorze pacientes (70%) necessitaram de ceratoplastia penetrante durante a fase aguda da infecção. Conclusões: Fusarium sp foi o fungo mais isolado em nosso Serviço e a história de trauma ocular foi freqüente (60%). Nossa experiência mostrou um número maior de indicações de ceratoplastia penetrante terapêutica.

Purpose: To present 20 cases of fungal keratitis at the São Geraldo Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil and to analyze them regarding associated factors, type of identified fungi and treatment. Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed the charts of 20 patients (20 eyes) of culture positive fungal keratitis treated from January 1994 to December 1999 at the São Geraldo Hospital. Results: Fifteen patients (75%) were male. The average was 35.7 years (range 9 to 67 years). One of the associeted factors analyzed was ocular trauma (60%). Fusarium sp was the most commonly isolated organism (60%), followed by Aspergillus sp (30%). Natamycin was the topical antifungals most frequently used, while systemic treatment commonly used was cetoconazol. Fourteen patients (70%) had penetrating keratoplasty during the acute stage of infection. Conclusions: We found Fusarium sp the most commonly isolated fungus and a past history of ocular trauma was common. In contrast to other studies, our experience showed a higher number of therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty.