Resumo A triquinelose é uma doença zoonótica que tem sido estudada principalmente em porcos domésticos (Sus scrofa domesticus). O ciclo envolve infecção em fauna doméstica e silvestre, que cumprem papéis ecológicos complexos, onde Trichinella spiralis é reportada em javali (Sus scrofa). O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência da triquinelose em javalis e avaliar a distância entre animais positivos em relação às áreas urbanas na Patagônia Argentina. Necropsias foram realizadas em javalis caçados nos Parques Nacionais Nahuel Huapi e Lanín e nas áreas circunvizinhas. Amostras de músculo esquelético foram coletadas de 1.694 javalis e a digestão artificial foi realizada em todas as amostras. Trichinella spp. foram encontrados em 96 (5,8%) javalis (0,2 a 424 Larvae/g). O parasitismo em javalis depende da distribuição da população em áreas naturais e urbanas. Javalis infectados foram encontrados perto de áreas periurbanas, demonstrando a importância da vigilância epidemiológica de rotina e de medidas sanitárias nas cidades e arredores. Mais pesquisas também são necessárias para identificar as espécies de Trichinella que infectam animais silvestres. Recomenda-se a aplicação de vigilância epidemiológica ativa e passiva, na América do Sul, sobre a fauna exótica e nativa que é caçada e consumida pelo ser humano. Sus domesticus. domesticus . domesticus) silvestre complexos scrofa. scrofa) Argentina circunvizinhas 1694 1 694 1.69 amostras spp 9 5,8% 58 5 8 (5,8% 0,2 02 0 2 (0, 42 Larvae/g. Larvaeg Larvae/g Larvae g Larvae/g) periurbanas arredores silvestres Recomendase Recomenda se passiva Sul humano 169 69 1.6 5,8 (5,8 0, (0 4 16 6 1. 5, (5, ( (5

Abstract Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease that has been studied mainly in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus). The cycle involves infection in domestic and wild fauna, which fulfill complex ecological roles, where Trichinella spiralis is reported in wild boar (Sus scrofa). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of trichinellosis in wild boar and evaluate the distance of positive animals to the nearest urbanization areas in Argentina Patagonia. Necropsies were carried out on wild boar hunted in the Nahuel Huapi and Lanín National Parks and surrounding areas. Skeletal muscle samples were collected from 1,694 wild boar and artificial digestion was performed on all samples. Trichinella spp. were found in 96 (5.8%) wild boar (0.2 to 424 Larvae/g). Parasitism in wild boar depends on the distribution of the population in natural and urban areas. Infected wild boar were found near peri-urban areas, demonstrating the importance of routine epidemiological surveillance and sanitary measures in and around cities. More research is needed to identify the Trichinella species that infect wild animals. We recommend the application of active and passive epidemiological surveillance in South America on exotic and native fauna that are hunted and consumed by humans. Sus domesticus. domesticus . domesticus) roles scrofa. scrofa) Patagonia 1694 1 694 1,69 spp 9 5.8% 58 5 8 (5.8% 0.2 02 0 2 (0. 42 Larvae/g. Larvaeg Larvae/g Larvae g Larvae/g) periurban peri cities humans 169 69 1,6 5.8 (5.8 0. (0 4 16 6 1, 5. (5. ( (5

Abstract Anisakidosis is an infection caused by larval nematodes that belong to several genera within the family Anisakidae. Anisakidosis has about 20000 cases reported to date, the vast majority (90%) in Japan. Usually, human anisakiosis is more common than human pseudoterranovosis in Japan and Europe, although in North America Pseudoterranova spp. is the more frequent. Cases of human pseudoterranovosis have been reported from Chile and Peru. We here report one of the few cases of human infection by Pseudoterranova cattani by consumption of ``ceviche'' in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Resumen La anisakidosis es una infección por larvas de nematodos que pertenecen a varios géneros dentro de la familia Anisakidae. Se han registrado aproximadamente 20.000 casos hasta la fecha, la mayoría (90%) en Japón. En Europa y Japón la anisakidosis es más frecuente en el humano que la pseudoterranovosis. En cambio, en América del Norte es más frecuente la infección humana por Pseudoterranova spp. También se han informado casos de pseudoterranovosis humana en Chile y en Perú. Informamos uno de los pocos casos de infección humana por Pseudoterranova cattani por consumo de ceviche en Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The prospective role of the land snail Rumina decollata as a potential paratenic host of Toxocara cati for domestic cats was studied. R. decollata specimens and cats' feces were collected from the open spaces of a Buenos Aires city hospital. Cats' feces were analyzed and snails were digested to identify T. cati stages, by morphological and molecular analyses. T. cati larval eggs were recovered from 23.5% (4/17) of the sampled feces. Twenty percent of snail pools (5/25) were confirmed to be positive for Toxocara spp. third larval stage (L3) by PCR. The mean value of total larvae recovered per gram of snail in all positive pools was 5.1, with a maximum 33 L3/pool. This is the first report of T. cati infective larvae in R. decollata domestic snail as a paratenic host, since the relationship between infection in snails and in cats' feces could be demonstrated in a common environment.

Se estudió el rol prospectivo de Rumina decollata como potencial hospedador paraténico de Toxocara cati para los gatos domésticos. Se recolectaron caracoles R. decollata y heces de gatos de un hospital de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Se procesaron las heces y los caracoles fueron digeridos para identificar estadios de T. cati por análisis morfológico y molecular. El 23,5% (4/17) de las muestras de heces resultaron positivas a huevos larvados de T. cati. El 20% (5/25) de los pooles de caracoles fue positivo a larvas de tercer estadío (L3) de Toxocara spp. por PCR. El promedio de larvas totales recuperadas por gramo de caracol en todos los pooles positivos fue de 5.1, con un máximo de 33 L3/pool. Se trata del primer reporte de R. decollata como hospedador paraténico de T. cati, puesto que ha sido demostrada la infección en caracoles y gatos en un ambiente común.

Since 1916 to date, it has been suspected that vertical transmission of parasites from the genus Trichinella could occur in pregnant or lactating women during the parenteral phase of infection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the transmammary transmission of T. patagoniensis in BALB/c mice. Twenty 7-week-old BALB/c mice were distributed into two groups of 10 individuals each, depending on the time of gestation when they were infected, 15 or 18 days after detection of the vaginal plug. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups of 5 mice each, which were given an oral dose of 100 or 500 infective larvae respectively. Euthanasia and subsequent artificial digestion was performed in the pups and the dams. No T. patagoniensis L1 larvae were found in any of the offsprings analyzed. The observed results suggest that vertical transmission of T. patagoniensis would not be possible in BALB/c mice.

Desde 1916 se sospecha que la transmisión vertical de parásitos del género Trichinella podría ocurrir en mujeres embarazadas o lactantes durante la fase parenteral de la infección. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la transmisión galactógena de T. patagoniensis en ratones BALB/c. Se utilizaron 20 ratones que se dividieron en 2 grupos de 10 individuos, según el momento de la gestación en que fueron infectados, 15 o 18 días después de detectar el tapón mucoso. Cada grupo se subdividió a su vez en 2 subgrupos, los que recibieron una dosis oral de 100 o de 500 larvas infectantes, respectivamente. Se procedió a la eutanasia y posterior digestión artificial de las crías y de las madres. No se encontraron larvas L1 de T. patagoniensis en ninguna de las crías analizadas. Estos resultados indican que no habría transmisión galactógena de T. patagoniensis en ratones BALB/c.

Mansonella ozzardi is a tissue-dwelling parasitic nematode, the causative agent of mansonelliasis in almost all Latin American countries. It has been described along the Argentine Yungas region. The microscopic diagnosis can yield false-negative test results at low microfilaremia levels. The aim of this study was to optimize the molecular diagnostic technique and compare it with the Knott's method and standard blood smear procedures (thin blood films and thick smears) in 92 blood samples of individuals from an endemic area. The PCR technique followed by the sequencing of the amplified product yielded 100 % sensitivity compared to the Knott's test, which is considered a reference method. Seven more cases of this parasitosis could only be identified with the molecular technique.

Mansonella ozzardi es un nematode parásito tisular, agente etiológico de mansonellosis en casi la totalidad de los países latinoamericanos. En Argentina la mansonellosis ha sido descrita a lo largo de la región de las yungas. Su diagnóstico microscópico puede dar resultados falsos negativos en microfilaremias bajas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue optimizar su diagnóstico molecular y comparar los resultados con los obtenidos mediante las pruebas microscópicas de Knott, de gota gruesa y de extendido hemático fino, en 92 muestras de sangre de pacientes de zona endémica. La técnica de PCR seguida de la secuenciación del producto amplificado presentó una sensibilidad del 100 % frente al método de Knott, considerado como referencia, e incluso permitió identificar 7 casos más de la parasitosis.