Abstract FexZn0.95-xCr0.05O nanoparticles have been obtained for the different concentrations of Fe ions by using the sol-gel method. The hexagonal wurtzite structure of all the samples was confirmed by Rietveld refined X-ray diffraction patterns. The addition of Fe ions decreased lattice constants a and c from 3.2487 to 3.2474 Å and 5.2043 to 5.2029 Å, respectively. Uniform deformation, uniform stress deformation, and uniform deformation energy density models were assumed to obtain the crystallite size and strain values from Williamson-Hall analysis. The average crystallite size obtained from all four methods showed increasing variation with the addition of Fe ions in Zn-Cr-O, which was found in good agreement with the Scherrer equation, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy results. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectra of typical samples confirmed the stoichiometric proportion of constituent elements. Room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in all the Fe-free and Fe-doped samples. Optical studies were carried out by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The band gap values lay in the range of 3.275 to 3.215 eV.

Resumo Nanopartículas de ferrita de cobalto dopada com Y3+, CoYxFe2-xO4 (x=0,00, 0,05, 0,10, 0,15), foram sintetizadas usando a técnica de autocombustão sol-gel. A estrutura de espinélio cúbico monofásica foi confirmada pela técnica de difração de raios X. O parâmetro da rede aumentou com o aumento do teor de Y3+ na ferrita de cobalto e variou de 8,3876 para 8,4271 Å. Imagens de MEV mostraram que as amostras possuíram nanopartículas cristalinas distintas de forma esférica com pequena aglomeração. Os resultados de EDAX mostraram boa concordância com a composição especificada. A medição magnética usando o magnetômetro de amostra vibrante (VSM) registrou uma redução na magnetização de saturação (Ms) e coercividade (Hc) pela substituição de Y3+. Os valores de Ms e Hc variaram de 66,61 a 17,52 emu/g e 1168,9 a 801,9 Oe, respectivamente. As propriedades elétricas da ferrita de cobalto substituído com Y3+ foram estudadas por meio da medição de constante e perda dielétrica. Com o aumento da frequência o valor da constante dielétrica diminuiu, conforme comportamento natural da ferrita.

Abstract Y3+-doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, CoYxFe2-xO4 (x=0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15), were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion technique. Single-phase cubic spinel structure was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction technique. The lattice parameter increased with the increase of Y3+ content in the cobalt ferrite and varied from 8.3876 to 8.4271 Å. FE-SEM images showed that the samples had distinct crystalline nanoparticles of spherical shape with small agglomeration. EDAX results showed good agreement with the particularized composition. Magnetic measurement using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) recorded a reduction in saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc) by Y3+ substitution. The values of Ms and Hc ranged from 66.61 to 17.52 emu/g and 1168.9 to 801.9 Oe, respectively. The electrical properties of Y3+-substituted cobalt ferrite were studied by measuring the dielectric constant and loss. With increasing frequency, the value of the dielectric constant decreased, as a natural behavior of the ferrite material.

Resumo Hexaferritas de estrôncio com adição de Y3+ com composição química SrYxFe12-xO19 (x= 0,0, 0,5, 1,0, 1,5) foram sintetizadas com sucesso pelo método sol-gel com autocombustão. Os estudos estruturais e morfológicos das amostras preparadas foram investigados usando a técnica de difração de raios X, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva, microscopia eletrônica de varredura com emissão de campo (MEV-FEG) e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão de alta resolução. O padrão de difração de raios X confirmou a estrutura hexagonal monofásica da ferrita de estrôncio substituída com ítrio e os parâmetros de rede a e b aumentaram com a substituição dos íons Y3+. O tamanho do cristalito também variou com o teor de x de 60 a 80 nm. A morfologia foi estudada por MEV-FEG e o tamanho de grão das nanopartículas variou de 44 a 130 nm. As propriedades magnéticas foram investigadas usando magnetômetro de amostra vibrante. O valor da magnetização de saturação diminuiu de 49,60 para 35,40 emu/g. A constante dielétrica diminuiu de forma não linear, enquanto a resistividade elétrica CC aumentou com a concentração de ítrio na hexaferrita de estrôncio.

Abstract Y3+ substituted strontium hexaferrites having chemical composition SrYxFe12-xO19 (x= 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5) were successfully synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion method. The structural and morphological studies of prepared samples were investigated by using X-ray diffraction technique, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the single-phase hexagonal structure of yttrium substituted strontium ferrite and the lattice parameters a and c increased with the substitution of Y3+ ions. The crystallite size also varied with x content from 60 to 80 nm. The morphology was studied by FE-SEM, and the grain size of nanoparticles ranged from 44 to 130 nm. The magnetic properties were investigated by using vibrating sample magnetometer. The value of saturation magnetization decreased from 49.60 to 35.40 emu/g. The dielectric constant decreased non-linearly whereas the electrical dc resistivity increased with the yttrium concentration in strontium hexaferrite.