Abstract Faunal inventories provide quantitative and qualitative data for different sites and are relevant sources of information for identifying areas of high species richness and endemism. Biological collections are important in this context for increasing the precision of species identification. The objectives of this study were to update the list of bat species of Ilha Grande by analyzing specimens in zoological collections as well as records obtained in areas where no such studies had been undertaken before; to compare five different studies conducted on Ilha Grande using mist net sampling; and to compare the results of studies on Ilha Grande with sampling results from other areas in Rio de Janeiro state. The occurrence of 36 bat species was confirmed for Ilha Grande. Five studies on Ilha Grande formerly conducted by the authors were compared with 34 fauna inventories in Rio de Janeiro state. The studies on Ilha Grande had distinct objectives and sampling techniques applied to different locations in the same area. Ilha Grande is one of the regions in Rio de Janeiro state with more bat records both in terms of abundance and number of species, as well as one of the areas of highest bat capture effort.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma lista de morcegos da região de Visconde de Mauá, município de Resende, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em área de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana, localizada acima de 1.300 m de altitude. Foram realizadas sete noites de captura, em novembro de 2005, com amostragens em áreas de voo e forrageio e em abrigos. O total de 13 espécies foi obtido (10 Phyllostomidae, duas Vespertilionidae e uma Molossidae). Dessas, sete espécies são frugívoras, duas nectarívoras, uma hematófaga e três insetívoras. A espécie dominante foi Sturnira lilium com 79,6% das capturas.

The goal of this study is to provide a list of bats from Visconde de Mauá, municipality of Resende, Rio de Janeiro State, located 1,300 m above sea level. Fieldwork was carried out during seven nights in November 2005, with captures along flyways, feeding sites, and roosts. A total of 13 species was recorded (10 Phyllostomidae, two Vespertilionidae, and one Molossidae). Seven species are frugivores, two nectarivores, one hematophagous, and three insectivores. Sturnira lilium was the dominant species, with 79.6% of the captures.

Migration is defined as a seasonal and cyclic population movement observed in all animal classes and studied mainly in vertebrates. A considerable part of the knowledge on migration comes from birds, for which migration is an important aspect of their biology. In the case of bats, females usually migrate larger distances than males in some species. The present study analyzes the seasonal occurrence of Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843) at different elevations, in order to test for a pattern that evidences migration, using data from the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A total of 529 specimens of P. bilabiatum were captured. Pygoderma bilabiatum seems to be more frequent at intermediate and high elevations (over 80% of all captures were made above 250 m a.s.l.) and at latitudes above 22°S, where rainfall is high (over 1,500 mm) and temperatures are mild (16-23°C). Sex ratio varied with elevation; it was skewed towards males at lower elevations (N = 9, r² = 0.60, F = 12.311, p = 0.008, Sex ratio = 0.0004*elevation + 0.976), though females predominated at all altitudinal bands and in all states analyzed.

The spiny rats of the genus Trinomys Thomas, 1921 have a broad distribution in the Atlantic Forests of southeastern Brazil. However, some species are known only from their type locality and adjacent areas. In our study, nine areas in the state of Rio de Janeiro were surveyed and three species of the genus were captured - Trinomys dimidiatus (Günther, 1877), T. setosus (Desmarest, 1817) and T. gratiosus bonafidei (MOOJEN, 1948). We extended the distribution of T. gratiosus bonafidei in 100 km, in a straight line to the northwest, and into an area of Semidecidual Seasonal Forest. We captured T. setosus, which had not been previously recorded in the state, in the municipality of Cambuci, extending its distribution 150 km, in a straight line to the east of its closest record, in Juiz de Fora, state of Minas Gerais. The state of Rio de Janeiro has now six recognized species of Trinomys, however none of them were collected above 1300 m of altitude. We used occurrence points provided by our inventories data and from the literature to model the potential distribution of Trinomys species. We used climatic, topographic and phytogeographic variables to prepare the potential distribution maps. The algorithm used for modeling was provided by the software Maxent, version 3.2.1. Although species boundaries within Trinomys in Rio de Janeiro State are not yet clear, their distributions seem to be parapatric, except for T. iheringi and T. dimidiatus.

Mesmo após a devastação de grande parte das suas matas, o Estado do Rio de Janeiro ainda abriga uma grande riqueza de mamíferos terrestres. Contudo, informações sobre abundância e distribuição da mastofauna do Estado ainda são escassas. Este estudo tem como objetivo inventariar os mamíferos do Parque Estadual do Desengano, localizado na região norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, uma das regiões menos amostradas e mais alteradas do Estado. O inventário foi realizado utilizando armadilhas do tipo Sherman e Tomahawk, e armadilhas de queda para os pequenos mamíferos não-voadores, redes de neblina para os morcegos, armadilhas fotográficas, avistamentos e relatos de moradores e funcionários do Parque para os mamíferos de maior porte. Nós registramos 56 espécies de mamíferos, das quais 15 constam na lista da fauna ameaçada de extinção do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e 10 na lista da fauna brasileira ameaçada de extinção, incluindo Brachyteles arachnoides. As espécies mais abundantes foram o morcego Sturnira lilium e o roedor Akodon serrensis. Além disso, Thaptomys nigrita, roedor normalmente pouco capturado no Estado, foi relativamente abundante no Parque Estadual do Desengano. Nossos resultados indicam que o Parque abriga 33,7% das espécies de mamíferos com ocorrência conhecida para o Estado, destacando a importância da área para a conservação da fauna do Rio de Janeiro.

Even after the devastation of large part of its forests, Rio de Janeiro State still harbors a rich terrestrial mammal fauna. However, information on the distribution and abundance of mammal species in the State is still scarce. This study aims to survey the mammals of the Desengano State Park, located on the northern part of Rio de Janeiro, one of the least studied and most altered regions of the State. The inventory was conducted using Sherman, Tomahawk, and pitfall traps for non-volant small mammals, mist nets for bats, camera traps, sightings and reports of residents and officials of the Park for large mammals. We recorded 56 species of mammals, of which 15 are on the list of threatened fauna of Rio de Janeiro State and 10 on the list of Brazilian threatened fauna, including Brachyteles arachnoides. The most abundant species were the bat Sturnira lilium and the rodent Akodon serrensis. Moreover, Thaptomys nigrita, a rodent not commonly captured in the State, was relatively abundant in the Desengano State Park. Results indicate that the park harbors 33.7% of the species of mammals known to occur in the State, highlighting the importance of the area for the conservation of Rio de Janeiro fauna.