Resumen COVID-19 ha obligado a las organizaciones a adaptarse a la "nueva normalidad", incluyendo a las empresas familiares. En este estudio, el objetivo es responder dos preguntas: ¿Qué tan preparadas están las empresas familiares para enfrentar disrupciones como la pandemia? y ¿qué tan importante es el contexto en esa respuesta? Utilizando la visión basada en recursos, en este estudio cualitativo se analiza los recursos desplegados por dos familias empresarias propietarias de tres empresas familiares en la industria del mueble en Colombia y Estados Unidos. Los hallazgos evidencian que las empresas familiares son resilientes, pero los recursos y las capacidades desplegados, así como sus usos, son diferentes de acuerdo al contexto, lo que sugiere una familiness contingente durante una crisis.

Abstract COVID-19 has impacted the world and has forced organizations to adapt to the “new normal”, and family businesses have not been exempt. In this study, we answer two research questions; how prepared are family businesses to face shocks like the pandemic? and, do contexts matter in that response? Using the Resource-Based View of the firm, in this qualitative exploratory study we analyze the resources and capabilities deployed by two business families owning three family businesses in the office furniture industry in the countries of Colombia and the USA. Our findings indicate that indeed family businesses are resilient, but the resources and capabilities deployed and their uses are different according to the context, suggesting a contingent familiness during a crisis. JEL classification: M10; M16; M19.

Resumo A COVID-19 impactou o mundo e obrigou organizações a se adaptarem ao “novo normal”, e as empresas familiares não ficaram isentas. Neste estudo, respondemos a duas questões de pesquisa: o quão preparadas estão as empresas familiares para enfrentar choques como o da pandemia e, se os contextos importam nessa resposta Utilizando a Visão Baseada em Recursos da empresa, neste estudo exploratório qualitativo, analisamos os recursos e capacidades implantados por duas empresas familiares proprietárias de outras três empresas familiares da indústria de móveis de escritório nos países da Colômbia e dos EUA. Nossos resultados indicam que, de fato, as empresas familiares são resilientes, mas os recursos e as capacidades implantados, e seus usos, são diferentes de acordo com o contexto, sugerindo uma familiness contingente durante uma crise.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The health care associated infections (HCAI) are one of the major problems which affect the patients in the hospital units, both in developed countries and in countries with low resources. Objective: To identify what kind of HCAI were reported, causal microorganism and antimicrobial susceptibility in the Internal Medicine Service at the "Manuel Fajardo" clinical-surgical hospital. Material and method: Descriptive, retrospective and transversal study of 105 patients with HCAI, who were admitted in the Internal Medicine Service at the "Manuel Fajardo" clinical-surgical hospital, from January 2013 to December 2015. It was analyzed different variables. It was used descriptive statistics and it was related the national and international information with the obtained results. Results: It were predominated the patients with age over 60 years. The more common diagnosis was broncho-pneumonia in 58 patients (55.2%). The principal causal microorganism for broncho-pneumonia, the tracheo-bronchitis and the pressure ulcers was Pseudomona spp.; while for urinary tract infection and flebitis-cellulitis and abscess were E. coli and S. aureus respectively. Pseudomona spp. and E. coli showed high resistance to cephalosporins of the first, second and third generation tested and other kinds of antibiotics; however, for the amynoglucosides and for Cefepime the sensibility was favourable. The susceptibility of S. aureus showed very adverse results, because only for Amikacin and Vancomicin had acceptable sensibility. Conclusions: The HCAI predominated in an aged population and were caused by a diversity of microorganisms, principally Pseudomona spp., E. coli and S. aureus, which showed high antimicrobial resistance.

RESUMEN Introducción: Las infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud (IAAS) son uno de los principales problemas que afecta a los pacientes en las unidades hospitalarias, tanto en países desarrollados como carentes de recursos. Objetivo: Identificar los tipos de IAAS reportadas, microorganismo causal y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico "Manuel Fajardo". Material y método: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal de 105 pacientes con IAAS, quienes ingresaron en el Servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico "Manuel Fajardo", desde enero 2013 hasta diciembre 2015. Se analizaron distintas variables. Se utilizó la estadística descriptiva y se relacionó la información nacional e internacional con los resultados obtenidos. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes con edad superior a los 60 años. El diagnóstico más común fue la bronconeumonía en 58 pacientes (55.2%). El principal microorganismo causal para la bronconeumonía, la traqueobronquitis y las úlceras de presión fue Pseudomona spp.; mientras que para la infección del tracto urinario y flebitis-celulitis y absceso fueron E. coli y S. aureus respectivamente. Pseudomona spp. y E. coli mostraron alta resistencia a las cefalosporinas de primera, segunda y tercera generaciones testadas y a otros tipos de antibióticos; sin embargo, para los aminoglucósidos y Cefepime la sensibilidad fue favorable. La susceptibilidad de S. aureus mostró resultados muy adversos, pues solo para la Amikacina y Vancomicina tuvo aceptable sensibilidad. Conclusiones: Las IAAS predominaron en una población envejecida y fueron ocasionadas por una diversidad de microorganismos, principalmente Pseudomona spp., E. coli y S. aureus, los cuales mostraron elevada resistencia antimicrobiana.

This article addresses an emerging issue in health care systems: the impact of judicial rulings on public policy regarding financing and delivery of health care services, and the attendant tensions, contradictions and questions. In Colombia, HIV/AIDS patients' use of a legal instrument called tutela, or writ of protection, has produced abundant jurisprudence and prompted health authorities to respond with decisions about HIV/AIDS service coverage that do not consider epidemiologic criteria and sustainability, introducing distortions in the health care system with respect to financing, priority-setting and universality.

Se realizó una documentación sobre el conocimiento tradicional respecto al uso de las plantas, que poseen comunidades campesinas ubicadas en la franja tropical del Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo. El área de estudio correspondiente a bosque húmedo tropical, incluyó dos localidades dentro del parque y dos en su zona amortiguadora. Se registraron 178 especies útiles asociadas a 216 nombres comunes. Las familias con mayor número de especies útiles fueron las Leguminosas (22 especies), Arecáceas (15), Anonáceas (11), Rubiáceas (10) y Bombacáceas (7). Se encontraron 39 usos que fueron incluidos en once categorías, siendo la categoría de Construcción la que presenta mayor número de especies 109 (61%), seguido de Medicinales 40 (22%), Comestibles 37 (15%), Tecnológicas 34 (19%) y Leñas 22 (12%). En orden de importancia, el abarco (Cariniana pyriformis), el almendro (Dipteryx oleifera) y los guamos (Inga spp.), son las especies más reconocidas por la comunidad. La palma milpesos (Oenocarpus bataua) fue la planta con mayor número de usos reportados con un total de siete. Con base en la información recopilada, se proponen especies potenciales para su incorporación en renglones productivos novedosos que ofrezcan alternativas de uso y manejo de los bosques nativos en la zona amortiguadora del Parque. Finalizamos discutiendo las implicaciones culturales y de conservación que el conocimiento y uso tradicional de los bosques tiene para el desarrollo sostenible de la zona en donde se ubican las comunidades rurales y propone la incorporación de estudios similares en otros sectores del Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo.

A qualitative assessment of traditional knowledge of plants used by rural communities in the tropical zone of the Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo is given. The surveyed area, in the tropical rainforest, included two locations inside the park and two locations in the adjacent buffer zone. There were 178 useful species associated with 216 common names found. The most used plant families were: Leguminosae (22 species), Arecaceae (15), Annonaceae (11), Rubiaceae (10) and Bombacaceae (7). A total of 39 uses in eleven categories were found. The categories with a high number of species included Construction (109), Medicinal (40), Food (37), Technology (34) and Firewood (22). The species most recognized by the community were: abarco (Cariniana pyriformis), almendro (Dipteryx oleifera) and guamo (Inga spp.). The milpesos palm (Oenocarpus bataua) was the plant with most uses reported (seven in total). Based on the data collected, potential species are proposed to be incorporated in the strategy of development for the native forest in the adjacent buffer zone of the park. The cultural implications, the conservation of the knowledge and the traditional uses are necessary for the sustainable development of the forest used by the rural communities. We propose the incorporation of similar studies in other areas of the Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo.

American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) is an endemic disease in Northern Argentina. We applied the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by a hybridization labelled probe to 21 paraffin embedded human skin biopsies, already analyzed histologically, from leishmaniasis endemic areas in the province of Tucumán, Argentina. We used primers previously designed to detect a Leishmania-specific 120-base-pair fragment of kinetoplast DNA minicircle, other two primer pairs that amplify kDNA minicircles belonging to the L. braziliensis and L. mexicana complexes respectively, and specific oligonucleotide primers to detect L. (V.) braziliensis which amplify the sequence of the ribosomal protein L-14 of this species. The PCR-hybridization showed a sensitivity of 90.5% when compared to the histopathology test which was 61.9%. Five of the total samples analyzed were positive for the L. braziliensis complex whilst none was positive for the L. mexicana complex. The specific primers for L. (V.) braziliensis detected the parasite in four samples. These results are consistent with those reported for close endemic areas and demonstrate that the causative agent of human leishmaniasis in the analyzed cases was L. (V.) braziliensis. PCR should be used as a diagnostic tool for tegumentary leishmaniasis, especially in the mucosal form, and as a valuable technique for the identification of the Leishmania species that causes the disease in certain areas.