OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações que ocorrem na sensibilidade corneanas após as cirurgias de LASIK e PRK MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo onde foram avaliados 60 olhos de 30 pacientes submetidos a LASIK bilateral simultaneamente e mais 30 olhos de 15 pacientes submetidos a PRK bilateral simultaneamente. De acordo com a quantidade de ablação intra-operatórias, os olhos foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (menor que 40 µm) e Grupo 2 (Maior que 40 µm). A sensibilidade corneana foi medida na região central da córnea pelo estesiometro Cochet Bonnet® no pré operatório e após 30, 90 e 180 dias da cirurgias. RESULTADOS: A sensibilidade corneana na LASIK apresentou-se diminuída durante os três primeiros meses retornando as valores pré operatórios aos 6 meses; E de acordo com a quantidade de ablação o Grupo 1 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante em relação ao Grupo 2 durante os três primeiros meses; No entanto a PRK recuperou seus valores pré operatório aos três meses e de acordo com a quantidade de ablação o Grupo 1 apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante somente no primeiro mês de pós operatório. CONCLUSÃO: A LASIK apresentou sensibilidade menor em relação ao PRK durante os 3 primeiros meses e somente aos 6 meses os valores da sensibilidade corneana foram similares; Os resultados também sugerem que a quantidade de ablação está relacionada com a diminuição da sensibilidade corneana durante os primeiros meses em ambas as técnicas cirúrgicas, principalmente na LASIK.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the alterations that occur on the cornea sensitivity after Lasik and PRK surgery. METHODS: Prospective studies have evaluated60 eyes from 30 patients subjected simultaneously to bilateral Lasik and 30 eyes from 15 patients subjected simultaneously to bilateral PRK. According to the amount of inner operatory ablation the eyes were divided into two groups: Group I (< 40 µm) and group II (> 40µm). The cornea sensitivity was measured in the central region of the cornea on the pre operatory and then again at 30, 90 and 180 days after the surgery with the esthesiometer. RESULTS: The cornea sensitivity in Lasik presented itself in a minor way during the first three months, returning to pre operatory values at six months; and according to the amount of ablation group I presented statistically significant difference in comparison to group II during the first three months; however PRK recovered its pre operatory values at three months and according to the amount of ablation group I presented statistically significant difference only on the first month of pre operatory. CONCLUSION: Lasik showed the least sensitivity in comparison to PRK during the first three months, only at six months the sensitivity values were similar to each other; the results suggest that the result of ablation endangers the cornea sensitivity during the first months on both surgical techniques especially Lasik.

Este ensaio tem como objetivo, apresentar a estética com mercado de consumo, e demonstrar aos acadêmicos do curso de Educação Física a problemática do fetiche (busca do corpo como mercadoria na sociedade capitalista), bem como as implicações negativas desta ideologia consumista.

This assay has as objective, to present the aesthetic one with consumption market, and to demonstrate to the academics of the course of Physical Education the problematic one of fetiche (it searchs of the body as merchandise in the capitalist society), as well as the negative implications of this consumista ideology.

Aspect-oriented software development promotes improved separation of concerns by introducing a new modular unit, called aspect, for the modularization of crosscutting concerns. As a new kind of modular unit, aspects should have explicit interfaces that describe the way they interact with the rest of the system and how they affect other modules. This interaction can be homogeneous or heterogeneous. In this paper, we present crosscutting interfaces as a conceptual tool for dealing with the complexity of heterogeneous aspects at the design level. Crosscutting interfaces have been incorporated by the aSideML modeling language in order to enhance aspect description at the design level. Moreover, we present a modeling notation for the description of architecture-level aspects that also supports the explicit representation of crosscutting interfaces. Finally, we present two large-scale case studies we have performed using this modeling language that support our arguments in favor of crosscutting interfaces.

Design patterns offer flexible solutions to common problems in software development. Recent studies have shown that several design patterns involve crosscutting concerns. Unfortunately, object-oriented (OO) abstractions are often not able to modularize those crosscutting concerns, which in turn decrease the system reusability and maintainability. Hence, it is important verifying whether aspect-oriented approaches support improved modularization of crosscutting concerns relative to design patterns. Ideally, quantitative studies should be performed to compare object-oriented and aspect-oriented implementations of classical patterns with respect to important software engineering attributes, such as coupling and cohesion. This paper presents a quantitative study that compares aspect-based and OO solutions for a representative set of design patterns. We have used stringent software engineering attributes as the assessment criteria. We have found that most aspect-oriented solutions improve separation of pattern-related concerns, although some aspect-oriented implementations of specific patterns resulted in higher coupling and more lines of code.

Objects and agents are software engineering abstractions that have many common concerns. However, agents are more complex entities since they encompass additional concerns: their state is driven by beliefs, goals, capabilities and plans, and their behavior is composed of a number of agency properties such as autonomy, adaptation, interaction, learning, mobility, and collaboration. A multi-agent system usually incorporates multiple objects and types of agents, with each agent type addressing distinct agency concerns. These agency concerns typically overlap and interact with each other, and so a disciplined scheme for composition is required. In this context, this paper presents and compares an aspect-based proposal with a new pattern-based proposal for building multi-agent software. Both proposals have the following goals: (i) minimize the misalignments between high-level agent models and object-oriented designs, (ii) promote the separation of agency concerns, (in) provide explicit support for disciplined composition of agency concerns in complex software agents, (iv) incorporate flexible facilities to build different types of software agents, and (v) allow the production of multi-agent software systems that are easy to understand, maintain and reuse. We demonstrate the applicability of the two proposals through the Portalware system, a Web-based environment f or the development of e-commerce portals.