ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the impact of thinness on the outcome of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: A matched case–control study was performed using a prospectively collected database of all patients who underwent PCNL between June 2011 and October 2021. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their phenotypic characteristics, arbitrarily defined according to their body mass index (BMI): <20 kg/m2 (Group 1, very thin patients, G<20) and ≥25 kg/m2 (Group 2, non-thin patients, G≥25). Patients were randomly matched based on Guy's Stone Score (GSS) according to case complexity at a ratio of 1:3. Results: A total of 204 patients were enrolled in this study: 51 patients (G<20) and 153 controls (G≥25). Complications occurred in 15.2% of the patients, with 5.4% of these complications classified as major complications (Clavien grade ≥ 3). According to complications there were no significant differences between the groups. The overall complication rates were 17.6% in the G<20 and 14.4% in the G≥25 (p = 0.653). The major complication rates were 3.9% in the G<20 and 5.8% in the G≥25 (p=0.429). No differences in transfusion or urinary fistula rates were found. Conclusions: In this study, very thin patients were not at a higher risk of complications when submitted to PCNL than in those with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2. Apparently, this technique can be used in these patients, just as it is used in any other type of patient, independently of their BMI. Purpose PCNL. . (PCNL) Methods casecontrol control 201 2021 characteristics (BMI) 20 <2 kgm2 kgm kg m2 m kg/m Group 1 G20 G 25 ≥2 2 nonthin non G≥25. G25 G≥25) Guys Guy s GSS (GSS 13. 13 3. 3 1:3 Results 5 (G<20 15 (G≥25) 152 15.2 54 4 5.4 Clavien 3) 176 17 6 17.6 G<2 144 14 14.4 G≥2 p 0.653. 0653 0.653 0 653 0.653) 39 9 3.9 58 8 5.8 p=0.429. p0429 p=0.429 429 (p=0.429) found Conclusions Apparently patient (PCNL 202 (BMI < G2 1: (G<2 (G≥25 15. 5. 17. G< 14. G≥ 065 0.65 65 p042 p=0.42 42 (p=0.429 (G< (G≥2 06 0.6 p04 p=0.4 (p=0.42 (G (G≥ 0. p0 p=0. (p=0.4 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p=

RESUMEN Introducción: La literatura presenta varios cuestionarios científicamente validados y transculturalmente adaptados en el área de la ortopedia y Medicina del Deporte. Sin embargo, son anatómicamente específicos y no consideran las necesidades específicas de los atletas. El “4-Domain PROM for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine” (4-Domain Sports PROM) es el primer cuestionario, en la literatura (International Journal of Sports Medicine - 2021), diseñado para evaluar atletas y practicantes de deportes altamente activos, y sus especificidades físicas y psicológicas. Comprende cuatro dominios: atleta sin lesión, después de una lesión deportiva, expectativa de tratamiento, evaluación del atleta sobre el tratamiento recibido. Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar la traducción y adaptación transcultural (TCA) a la lengua portuguesa. Métodos: El cuestionario fue autoadministrado por 50 participantes, practicantes habituales de actividades físicas y deportivas. El proceso de traducción y adaptación cultural involucró seis pasos: traducción; síntesis; traducción inversa; prueba previa; revisión por el comité de expertos; aplicación clínica y aprobación del autor de la versión original. Se evaluaron la equivalencia de traducción y la relevancia de los ítems del cuestionario. Resultados: La versión portuguesa del 4-DOMAIN SPORTS PROM tuvo una equivalencia de traducción de 0,94 y la relevancia de los ítems fue de 0,98, mientras que el porcentaje de acuerdo entre los pacientes para la comprensión fue de 0,98. Conclusión: La traducción y adaptación transcultural del 4-DOMAIN SPORTS PROM al portugués amplía las posibilidades de evaluar los diferentes momentos que involucran el tratamiento de lesiones deportivas, ya que este cuestionario fue diseñado para capturar datos sobre la percepción de los pacientes antes de la lesión, después de la lesión, expectativa y evaluación del trato recibido en deportistas y practicantes habituales de actividad física. Nivel de Evidencia II; Estudio Cualitativo Transversal. Introducción Deporte embargo 4Domain Domain 4 International 2021, 2021 , 2021) activos psicológicas dominios deportiva Objetivos TCA (TCA Métodos 5 participantes deportivas pasos síntesis inversa previa expertos original Resultados 4DOMAIN DOMAIN 094 0 94 0,9 098 98 0,98 Conclusión física II Transversal 202 09 9 0, 20 2

ABSTRACT Introduction: The literature presents several scientifically validated and cross-culturally adapted questionnaires in the area of orthopedics and Sports Medicine scientifically validated and cross-culturally adapted. However, they are anatomically specific, and do not consider the specific needs of athletes. The “4-Domain PROM for Orthopedic and Sports Medicine” (4-Domain Sports PROM) is the first questionnaire, in the literature (International Journal of Sports Medicine - 2021), designed to assess athletes and highly active sports practitioners, and their specificities. physical and psychological. It comprises four domains: athlete without injury, after sports injury, expectation of treatment, athlete's assessment of the treatment received. Objectives: This work aims to carry out the translation and cross-cultural adaptation (TCA) to the Portuguese language. Methods: The questionnaire was self-administered by 50 participants, regular physical and sports activities practitioners. The translation and cultural adaptation process involved six steps: translation; synthesis; back translation; pre-test; review by the Expert Committee, clinical application and author approval of the original version. The Equivalence of translation and relevance of questionnaire items were evaluated. RESULTS: The Portuguese version of the 4-DOMAIN SPORTS PROM had a translation equivalence of 0.94, and item relevance was 0.98, while the percentage of agreement between patients for understanding was 0.98. Conclusion: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the 4 Domain Sports PROM into the Portuguese version proved to be understandable and reproducible in all questionnaire domains (agreement above 90% and content validity index of 100%) to assess the treatment of the population of athletes and regular sports practitioners. Level of Evidence II; A cross-sectional qualitative study. Introduction crossculturally cross culturally However 4Domain International 2021, 2021 , 2021) practitioners specificities psychological injury s received Objectives crosscultural TCA (TCA language Methods selfadministered self administered 5 participants steps synthesis pretest pre test pre-test Committee evaluated RESULTS 4DOMAIN DOMAIN 094 0 94 0.94 098 98 0.98 Conclusion 90 100% 100 II crosssectional sectional study 202 09 9 0.9 10 20 0. 1 2

RESUMO Introdução: A literatura apresenta diversos questionários cientificamente validados e adaptados transculturalmente na área de na Ortopedia e Medicina Esportiva validados cientificamente e adaptados transculturalmente. Entretanto, eles são anatomicamente específicos, e não consideram as necessidades especificas dos atletas. O “4-Domain PROM for Orthopedic and Sports Medicine” (4-Domain Sports PROM) é o primeiro questionário, na literatura (International Journal of Sports Medicine - 2021), concebido para avaliar atletas e praticantes de esportes altamente ativos, e suas especificidades físicas e psicológicas. Ele compreende quatro domínios: atleta sem lesão, após lesão esportiva, expectativa do tratamento, avaliação do atleta sobre o tratamento recebido. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar a tradução e a adaptação transcultural (TCA) à língua portuguesa. Métodos: O questionário foi autoadministrado por 50 participantes, praticantes regulares de atividades físicas e esportivas. O processo de tradução e adaptação cultural envolveu seis etapas: tradução; síntese; retrotradução; pré-teste; revisão pelo comitê de experts; aplicação clínica e aprovação do autor da versão original. Foi avaliado a Equivalência da tradução e relevância de itens do questionário. Resultados: A versão em português do 4-DOMAIN SPORTS PROM apresentou equivalência da tradução de 0,94 e relevância dos itens foi de 0,98, enquanto a porcentagem de concordância entre os pacientes para compreensão foi de 0,98. Conclusão: A tradução e adequação cultural do 4-DOMAIN SPORTS PROM para língua portuguesa mostrou-se compreensível e reprodutibilidade adequada em todos os domínios do questionário (concordância acima de 90% e Índice de Validade de Conteúdo de 100%) para avaliar o tratamento de população de indivíduos atletas e praticantes regulares de esportes. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo Qualitativo Transversal. Introdução Entretanto específicos 4Domain Domain 4 International 2021, 2021 , 2021) ativos psicológicas esportiva recebido Objetivos TCA (TCA Métodos 5 participantes esportivas etapas síntese retrotradução préteste pré teste pré-teste experts original Resultados 4DOMAIN DOMAIN 094 0 94 0,9 098 98 0,98 Conclusão mostrouse mostrou se 90 100% 100 II Transversal 202 09 9 0, 10 20 1 2

Caparaó and the Fluminense northwest regions are nationally recognized by the important contribution on coffee production and exportation. Adulterations involving specialty coffees result in a decrease in the quality of the final product. However, obtaining many different samples from the same region is unfeasible in some cases, needing strategies to work with a limited number of samples for pattern recognition. Thus, this work is the first to use the construction of synthetic samples (SS) for analysis of coffees, and its objective is to identify adulterations in specialty coffees with bark, straw and low-quality beans, using UV-Vis spectroscopy, associated with chemometric methods. The synthetic samples partial least square discriminant analysis (SS-PLS-DA) showed better specificity, sensitivity and reliability rates than the Hard PLS-DA models. One-class methods (soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and data driven soft independent modeling of class analogy (DD-SIMCA)) showed low specificity and reliability. The discriminant methods together with the synthetic samples proved to be adequate to identify adulterations in specialty coffees. exportation product However cases recognition Thus SS (SS bark lowquality beans UVVis UV Vis spectroscopy SSPLSDA PLS DA (SS-PLS-DA PLSDA models Oneclass One SIMCA (SIMCA DDSIMCA DD (DD-SIMCA) (DD-SIMCA

Abstract No-tillage (NT) is a conservation practice adopted by 60% of the Brazilian farmers. Due to unsuitable management, compaction problem reported in soils under NT has increased. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of different soil tillage and different winter cover crops in long-term on crops biomass and maize yield and on soil penetration resistance (PR), in two crop seasons. The long-term experiment is located at the UTFPR Dois Vizinhos experimental station, with a combination of five soil tillage: NT; NT chiseled up to 0.35 m deep (Jumbo), annually (NTCa) and triennially (NTCt); NT with minimum tillage chiseled up to 0.35 m deep (Terrus), annually (NTMTa) and triennially (NTMTt); and four winter cover crops: black oats, common vetch, forage radish, and a mixture of oats + vetch + radish (mix). Dry matter production of cover crops was higher in oats and the mix, and in NTMTa in both years (2021 and 2022). Soil chiseling reduces PR, however over time, an increase was observed. NT showed higher PR, especially in the 0.15-0.20 m soil layer, but it did not impact crop production. Maize yield was not influenced by cover crops or soil tillage. NT proved to be the most efficient soil management, as its performance in maize yield was similar to the others, indicating the way forward in the pursuit of a more sustainable agriculture. Notillage No (NT 60 farmers management increased longterm long term PR , (PR) seasons station 035 0 35 0.3 Jumbo, Jumbo (Jumbo) NTCa (NTCa NTCt (NTCt) Terrus, Terrus (Terrus) (NTMTa NTMTt (NTMTt) mix. mix . (mix) 2021 (202 2022. 2022 2022) time observed 0.150.20 015020 0.15 0.20 15 20 0.15-0.2 layer others agriculture 6 (PR 03 3 0. (Jumbo (NTCt (Terrus (NTMTt (mix 202 (20 150 0.150.2 01502 015 0.1 020 0.2 1 2 0.15-0. (2 0.150. 0150 01 02 0.15-0 ( 0.150 0.15-

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor a utilização de distribuições tradicionais com base em modelos de regressão distribucional, para analisar a produtividade do milho. O experimento foi realizado em um delineamento alfa látice, com três repetições e 24 blocos. Os dados usados referem-se a 102 plantas de milho que são parte da coleção permanente do Centro de Desenvolvimento Científ ico e Tecnológico para a Agr icultura, da Universidade Federal de Lavras. Para a avalição da produtividade do milho utilizaram-se as seguintes variáveis explicativas: peso de 100 sementes, altura da planta, altura da espiga e dias para a maturação. As análises iniciais envolveram o ajuste de quatro distribuições (gama, gama generalizada, inversa Gaussiana e inversa Gaussiana generalizada) aos dados, em que a dist r ibuição gama foi a que melhor se ajustou, com base nos critérios de informação de Akaike e bayesiano (AIC e BIC). Notavelmente, a altura da espiga tem uma influência considerável sobre a variabilidade da produtividade porque conforme a altura aumenta, a produtividade diminui, enquanto as covariáveis peso de 100 sementes e dias para a maturação explicam a média crescente da produtividade. A análise residual mostra que o modelo baseado na distribuição gama é adequado para explicar os dados e fornecer informações úteis para a pesquisa e a prática agrícolas. distribucional látice 2 blocos referemse referem 10 icultura Lavras utilizaramse utilizaram explicativas planta gama, (gama generalizada ajustou AIC BIC. BIC . BIC) Notavelmente aumenta diminui agrícolas 1

Abstract The objective of this work was to propose the use of traditional models based on distributional regression models to analyze maize productivity. The experiment was carried out in an alpha lattice design, with three replicates and 24 blocks. Data used refer to 102 maize plants from the permanent collection of the Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico para a Agricultura of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. For the maize productivity evaluation, the following explanatory variables were used: weight of 100 seed, plant height, ear height, and days to maturation. The initial analyses involved the fitting of four distributions (gamma, generalized gamma, inverse Gaussian, and generalized inverse Gaussian) to the data, in which the gamma distribution showed the best fit based on the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria (AIC and BIC). Cob height has a considerable influence on the productivity variability because as cob height increases, the productivity variability decreases, whereas the covariates weight of 100 seed and days to maturity explain the increasing average of the productivity. The residual analysis shows that the model based on gamma distribution is suitable for explaining the data and providing useful insights for agricultural research and practice. design 2 blocks 10 Lavras evaluation maturation (gamma Gaussian AIC BIC. BIC . BIC) increases decreases practice 1

Abstract Objectives: Cluster headache is considered a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia and may present with characteristic symptoms of sympathetic/parasympathetic activation on the affected side of the face, such as nasal discharge, tearing, and conjunctival injection. Invasive therapies targeting the sphenopalatine ganglion have been performed in these headache syndromes and can have a medication-sparing effect, especially in refractory, difficult-to-manage cases. The gate control theory of pain suggests that electric pulses delivered to nerve tissues can modulate neuronal activity, thus aiding in management of nociceptive or neuropathic pain, and studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of sphenopalatine ganglion neurostimulation. Within this context, we sought to assess the feasibility of a new surgical technique for neurostimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion in a cadaver dissection model. Methods: The technique was developed through dissection of two cadaver heads. We divided the procedure into two stages: an endonasal endoscopic approach to expose the sphenopalatine ganglion and confirm electrode placement, and a cervicofacial approach to introduce the electrode array and position the internal pulse-generator unit. Computed tomography was performed to confirm implant placement at the end of the procedure. Results: The pulse-generator unit was successfully placed through a retroauricular incision, as is already standard for cochlear implant placement. This should reduce the incidence of perioperative sequelae, especially pain and swelling in the oral region, which are a common complication of previous approaches used for this purpose. Control imaging confirmed proper electrode placement. The device used in this study allows the patient to modulate the intensity of the stimulus, reducing or even obviating the need for drug therapy. Conclusion: The novel technique described herein, based on percutaneous access guided by transmaxillary endoscopy, can provide great precision in electrode array positioning and decreased perioperative morbidity, combining the advantages of endoscopic approaches with those of the retroauricular route. Level of evidence: 3. Objectives sympatheticparasympathetic sympathetic parasympathetic face discharge tearing injection medicationsparing medication sparing effect refractory difficulttomanage difficult manage cases activity context model Methods heads stages pulsegenerator pulse generator Results incision sequelae region purpose stimulus therapy Conclusion herein endoscopy morbidity route evidence 3

Abstract Background Changes in the body composition of the elderly can be quickly identified by health professionals in primary care, reducing the impact on health, nutritional status, and functional capacity. Objective To look for links between muscle mass and strength, nutritional status, and functional capacity in community-dwelling elderly. Method A cross-sectional study involving 323 elderly people was carried out. Body composition assessment was performed by absorptiometry (DEXA) and anthropometry. Functional capacity was assessed by Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and by gait speed (VM) and Time Up and Go (TUG). Results In this sample, the lean mass index (LMI) was associated with indicators of nutritional status (BMI, NC, and WC), in addition to having shown an important correlation with handgrip strength (HGS). HGS was associated with VM and TUG. Regression analysis identified an association between BMI and LMI (p < 0.001) and between GS and HGS (p = 0.003). Conclusion HGS was an important indicator of functional capacity and correlated with LMI. Consequently, the LMI is associated with indicators of nutritional status. Therefore, when it is impossible to assess the LMI, we recommend the assessment of HGS, NC and BMI as predictors of compromised nutritional status and functional disability in the elderly. care communitydwelling community dwelling crosssectional cross sectional 32 out DEXA (DEXA anthropometry (VM TUG . (TUG) sample (LMI BMI, (BMI WC, WC , WC) HGS. (HGS) p 0.001 0001 0 001 0.003. 0003 0.003 003 0.003) Consequently Therefore 3 (TUG (HGS 0.00 000 00 0.0 0.

Resumo Introdução Alterações na composição corporal do idoso podem ser rapidamente identificadas por profissionais de saúde na Atenção Básica, reduzindo o impacto sobre a saúde, o estado nutricional e a capacidade funcional. Objetivo Identificar relações entre massa e força muscular com o estado nutricional e a capacidade funcional em idosos da comunidade. Método Estudo transversal, envolvendo 323 idosos. A avaliação da composição corporal foi realizada por absorciometria (DEXA) e antropometria. A capacidade funcional foi avaliada pelas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária, pela velocidade da marcha (VM) e Time Up and Go (TUG). Resultados Nesta amostra, o índice de massa magra (IMM) se mostrou associado aos indicadores do estado nutricional (IMC, CP e CC), além de ter apresentado importante correlação com a força de preensão palmar (FPP). A FPP esteve relacionada à VM e ao TUG. A análise de regressão identificou associação entre o IMC e o IMM (p<0,001), bem como entre a VM e a FPP (p=0,003). Conclusão A FPP se apresentou como importante indicador da capacidade funcional e se mostrou correlacionada com o IMM. Consequentemente, o IMM está associado aos indicadores do estado nutricional. Logo, na impossibilidade de avaliação do IMM, recomendamos a avaliação da FPP, CP e IMC como preditores de comprometimento do estado nutricional e da incapacidade funcional do idoso. Básica comunidade transversal 32 DEXA (DEXA antropometria Diária (VM TUG . (TUG) amostra (IMM IMC, (IMC CC, CC , CC) FPP. (FPP) p<0,001, p0001 p p<0,001 0 001 (p<0,001) p=0,003. p0003 p=0,003 003 (p=0,003) Consequentemente Logo 3 (TUG (FPP p000 p<0,00 00 (p<0,001 p=0,00 (p=0,003 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 p=0, (p=0,0 p<0 (p<0, p=0 (p=0, p< (p<0 p= (p=0 (p< (p= (p

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from June 2011 to October 2018. The association of preoperative and intraoperative factors with the presence of complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 1,066 surgeries were evaluated, and the overall complication rate was 14.9%. In all, 105 (9.8%) surgeries were performed in the prone position, and 961 (90.2%) were performed in the supine position. Univariate analysis demonstrated that surgical position, upper pole puncture, surgical time, number of tracts, and Guys Stone Score were associated with complications. In multivariate analyses, prone position (odds ratio [OR] 2.10; p=0.003), surgical time ≥90 min (OR 1.76; p=0.014), upper pole puncture (OR 2.48; p<0.001), and Guys Stone Score 3 or 4 (OR 1.90; p=0.033) were independent predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. CONCLUSION: Performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position, in under 90 min, and avoiding upper pole punctures may reduce complications during the treatment of large kidney stones. OBJECTIVE METHODS 201 2018 analyses p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 RESULTS 1066 1 066 1,06 evaluated 149 14 9 14.9% all 10 9.8% 98 8 (9.8% 96 90.2% 902 2 (90.2% tracts odds OR [OR 2.10 210 p=0.003, p0003 p=0.003 , 003 p=0.003) ≥9 1.76 176 76 p=0.014, p0014 p=0.014 014 p=0.014) 2.48 248 48 p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 p<0.001) 1.90 190 p=0.033 p0033 033 CONCLUSION stones 20 p00 p<0.0 106 06 1,0 14.9 9.8 (9.8 90.2 (90.2 2.1 21 p000 p=0.00 00 ≥ 1.7 17 7 p001 p=0.01 01 2.4 24 p<0.00 1.9 19 p=0.03 p003 03 p0 p<0. 1, 14. 9. (9. 90. (90. 2. p=0.0 1. p<0 (9 (90 p=0. p< ( p=0 p=

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors for success following percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position. METHODS: Patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position from June 2011 to October 2018 were evaluated. Age, sex, body mass index, the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, hemoglobin level, number of previous surgeries, stone size, and the Guy’s Stone Score were analyzed. Success was considered if no fragments were observed on the computed tomography scan on the first postoperative day. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine significant parameters. RESULTS: We evaluated 961 patients; of them, 483 (50.2%) underwent previous stone-related surgery, and 499 (51.9%) had Guy’s Stone Score 3 or 4. The overall success rate in a single procedure was 40.7%, and complication rate was 13.7%. The univariate analysis showed that the maximum diameter of the stone (25.10±10 mm; p<0.001), previous percutaneous nephrolithotomy (OR 0.52; p<0.001), number of previous percutaneous nephrolithotomy (OR 0.15; p<0.001), the Guy’s Stone Score (OR 0.28; p<0.001), and the number of tracts (OR 0.32; p<0.001) were significant. In the multivariate analysis, the number of previous percutaneous nephrolithotomy (OR 0.54; p<0.001) and the Guy’s Stone Score (OR 0.25; p<0.001) were statically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Guy’s Stone Score and the number of previous percutaneous nephrolithotomy are predictors of success with the supine position. Complex cases and with previous percutaneous interventions may require technical improvements to achieve higher stone-free rates.

Resumo Modelos de policiamento comunitário vêm sendo disseminados em diferentes países como resposta aos altos índices de criminalidade e violência. Apesar da ampla defesa da efetividade de tais modelos, há dúvidas acerca de sua efetividade e do que, de fato, se trata o policiamento comunitário. Olhando como fenômeno, o policiamento comunitário se mostra híbrido, multifacetado e com várias contradições entre o que é idealizado e o que é efetivamente posto em prática, dificultando sua compreensão. Neste ensaio, propomos um esquema analítico metateórico pautado na ideia de que o policiamento comunitário é regido por quatro tipos puros de lógicas institucionais - militar, profissional, gerencial e comunitário -, em que a interseção entre tais lógicas ajuda a compreendê-lo. Com base nesse esquema, enquadramos as pesquisas sobre o tema em elementos societários e culturais, ambientais, organizacionais, práticos e identitários, buscando delinear uma agenda de pesquisa acerca do policiamento comunitário.

Abstract Community policing models have been disseminated in different countries in response to high levels of crime and violence. Despite the broad defense of such models, their effectiveness and concept are still unclear. The phenomenon of community policing is hybrid and multifaceted, with several contradictions between what is idealized and what happens in practice, making it difficult to understand. In this essay, we propose a metatheoretical analytical scheme based on the idea that community policing is based on four pure types of institutional logics - military, professional, managerial, and community - and the intersection of these logics helps to understand the phenomenon. We used this scheme to frame the studies on community policing considering societal and cultural, environmental, organizational, and practical and identity elements, seeking to outline a research agenda.

Resumen Los modelos de policía comunitaria se han difundido en diferentes países en respuesta a los altos niveles de delincuencia y violencia. A pesar de la amplia defensa de la efectividad de tales modelos, existen dudas no solo sobre su efectividad, sino también sobre de qué se trata realmente la policía comunitaria. Mirándolo como un fenómeno, la policía comunitaria se ve como un híbrido, multifacético y con varias contradicciones entre lo que se idealiza y lo que efectivamente se implementa, lo que dificulta su comprensión. En este ensayo, proponemos un esquema analítico metateórico basado en la idea de que la policía comunitaria se rige por cuatro tipos puros de lógicas institucionales ‒militar, profesional, gerencial y comunitario‒ en el que la intersección entre tales lógicas ayuda a comprender cómo se manifiesta. Con base en este esquema, enmarcamos la investigación sobre el tema en elementos sociales y culturales; ambientales; organizativos; y, prácticos e identitarios, buscando esbozar una agenda de investigación sobre la policía comunitaria.

Abstract The water retention curve is widely used in studies involving soil. The management systems directly influence soil structure by altering water retention dynamics. Several equations are used to adjust the retention of water in the soil, but most of the time, the choice of these models occurs in an arbitrary way. From this problem, it was proposed with the present study to relate the best mathematical model to water retention, taking into account the different management systems adopted, based on previously established adjustment criteria. For the accomplishment the study, a soil of caulinitic mineralogy and average texture was utilized. The treatments were area under native Cerrado (Savanna), eucalyptus plantation with six and twelve years of cultivation, pasture with two and six years of cultivation, conventional plantation with two and eight years of cultivation, no-till with three and six years of cultivation. From the adjustment criteria for non-linear models, it was found that the management influences the choice of the water retention model. It is possible to observe that the greatest divergences between the models occurred close to the soil saturation zone, and that the Fredlung-Xing model is more efficient in adjusting the water retention curve under conservationist management systems. dynamics time way problem adopted utilized Savanna, Savanna , (Savanna) cultivation notill no till nonlinear non linear zone FredlungXing Fredlung Xing (Savanna

Abstract This scientific text deals with the reality of the principle of efficiency in Brazilian Administrative Law, since its insertion in the Brazilian Constitution (article 37, caput). In this sense, the article that is summarized here is a denunciation of the fact that administrative efficiency, as a constitutional promise, has not yet been materialized in the public administration of the country, at any of its levels, and it will hardly be effective due to the dense cloud of doubts that it has provoked in both the Executive and the Judiciary, and this has nothing - or very little - to do with corruption. Undoubtedly, in up-to-date Public Administration, the role of agents should adapt to the complexity of the interests of the community, which are multifaceted and changing. The work published here aims to point out the problems and solutions in what concerns the administrative efficiency of today so that a real system is framed in which the efficiency of tomorrow is renewed in perception. Therefore, the research was carried out through a deductive approach and bibliographical and documental review. Law 37 caput. caput . caput) sense promise country levels Judiciary corruption Undoubtedly uptodate up date Administration community changing perception Therefore review 3

Resumo Versa este texto científico sobre a realidade do princípio da eficiência no Direito Administrativo brasileiro, desde a sua inserção na Carta da República em vigor (artigo 37, caput). Neste sentido, o artigo que aqui se resume é denunciativo do fato de que a eficiência administrativa, como promessa constitucional, não se concretizou na Administração Pública do país, em nenhum dos seus níveis, e dificilmente se efetivará por conta da densa nuvem de dúvidas que tem provocado tanto no Poder Executivo quanto no Judiciário, e isso nada - ou muito pouco - tem a ver com corrupção. É indubitável que, na Administração Pública da atualidade, a atuação dos agentes deveria se adaptar à complexidade dos interesses da coletividade, que são multifacetados e mutantes. Objetiva o trabalho aqui publicado apontar os problemas e as soluções naquilo que se refere à eficiência administrativa do hoje para que se emoldure um real sistema em que seja de renovada percepção a eficiência do amanhã. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi levada a cabo mediante abordagem dedutiva e revisão bibliográfica e documental. brasileiro 37 caput. caput . caput) sentido constitucional país níveis Judiciário corrupção atualidade coletividade mutantes amanhã documental 3

ABSTRACT Rainfall erosivity (R factor) is one of the six factors of the Universal Soil Loss Equation, being calculated based on the product of rainfall kinetic energy multiplied by its 30-minute maximum intensity. However, the lack of detailed and reliable rainfall data in many parts of the world has driven the use of other methods to estimate rainfall erosivity based on daily, monthly or annual data. These methods still need to be assessed to determine if their estimates are consistent with the standard method for calculating rainfall erosivity. This study aimed to select a consistent method for such replacement in Brazilian conditions without access the rainfall intensity data. The tested methods included: modified Fournier, MF; modified Fournier by Zhang, MF-Z; modified Fournier by Men, MF-M; Rainfall Disaggregation, RD; TRMM Satellite with modified Fournier coefficient, TRMM-F; and TRMM Satellite with monthly rainfall, TRMM-M. The rainfall data were obtained from the USP Meteorological Station, referring to the period from 2009 to 2015. The analyses were performed according to the Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model and Scott-Knott statistical tests. Considering the 1:1 line, all methods had a good adjustment, presenting similar behavior in relation to the standard method. The methods behaved differently for monthly and annual periods. The MF method proved to be capable of consistently replacing the standard method in all aforementioned situations. Considering the driest period, any method can be used. For annual rainfall erosivity estimation, the RD, MF, TRMM-F and TRMM-M methods can be applied; highlighting that the TRMM-based methods are optimal for locations without on-site rain gauges. Additionally, it was computed that the modified Fournier by Men and the modified Fournier by Zhang underestimated and overestimated the rainfall erosivity, respectively.