RESUMO Introdução: Não é incomum que os alunos não gostem de educação física. Tornou-se um fenômeno educacional comum na educação física escolar atual. Os alunos tornaram-se menos engajados na educação física, sérios e descolados, menos agradáveis e estressados. O surgimento dessa série de mudanças não é exclusivamente uma questão de atitudes dos alunos. Objetivo: Visando alunos que gostam de esportes, mas não se apaixonam por educação física, a qualidade da participação continua em declínio, os alunos não praticam exercícios e não têm noção de carga de exercícios. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo aprender e dominar os conhecimentos e habilidades de exercício físico através de um sistema de ensino de fitness digital, efetivamente melhorar a capacidade de exercício científico dos alunos, mobilizar os hobbies dos alunos para participarem ativamente do exercício. Aptidão física, melhorar os hábitos de exercícios físicos não científicos dos alunos em passado, promover a saúde física e mental dos alunos e estabelecer as bases para a educação física ao longo da vida. Métodos: Os métodos estudados neste artigo incluem principalmente um método experimental, método de documento, método de entrevista com especialista, método de pesquisa por questionário, método de análise matemática e outros métodos. Resultados: Após duas semanas de preparação experimental e dez semanas de experimentos de ensino para desenvolver a capacidade de exercício físico dos alunos, a capacidade de exercício aeróbio dos alunos tem melhorado continuamente. Através do sistema de ensino de fitness digital, o interesse dos alunos em praticar exercícios físicos e o cultivo de emoções e hábitos de esportes físicos é potencializado, melhorando o ambiente de exercícios físicos da escola e satisfazendo as necessidades de exercícios físicos dos alunos. Conclusões: O sistema digital de ensino de fitness está em desenvolvimento e testes. A primeira geração de bicicletas de fitness digitais tem muitos problemas com hardware e software. Como uma importante forma complementar de educação física escolar na nova situação, esse sistema promove enormemente a educação física ao longo da vida dos alunos e o aprendizado de exercícios físicos científicos. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos: investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is not unusual that students do not like physical education. It has become a common educational phenomenon in current school physical education. Students have become less participative in physical education, serious and cold, less enjoyable, and stressed. The emergence of this series of changes is not entirely a matter of student attitudes. Objective: Aiming at school students who like sports but do not fall in love with physical education, participation quality continues to decline, students do not exercise themselves, and have no concept of exercise load. This research aims to learn and master the knowledge and skills of physical exercise through a digital fitness teaching system, effectively improve students’ scientific exercise ability, mobilize students’ hobbies to actively participate in physical exercise, improve the unscientific physical exercise habits of students in the past, promote students’ physical and mental health, and lay the foundation for lifelong physical education. Methods: The methods studied in this article mainly include an experimental method, document method, expert interview method, questionnaire survey method, mathematical analysis method and other methods. Results: After two weeks of experimental preparation and ten weeks of teaching experiments to develop students’ physical exercise ability, the students’ aerobic exercise ability has been steadily improved. Through the digital fitness teaching system, students’ interest in participating in physical exercise is strengthened and the cultivation of sports emotions and physical habits, improving the school's physical exercise environment and meeting students’ physical exercise needs. Conclusions: The digital fitness teaching system is in the development and test stage. The first generation of digital fitness bikes has many problems with hardware and software. As an important supplementary form of school physical education under the new situation, this system greatly promotes students’ lifelong physical education and learning scientific physical exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción: No es raro que a los estudiantes no les guste la educación física. Se ha convertido en un fenómeno educativo común en la educación física escolar actual. Los estudiantes se han vuelto menos participativos en educación física, serios y fríos, menos agradables y estresados. El surgimiento de esta serie de cambios no es exclusivamente una cuestión de actitudes de los estudiantes. Objetivo: Apuntando a escolares a los que les guste el deporte pero no se enamoren de la educación física, la calidad de la participación sigue decayendo, los alumnos no se ejercitan y no tienen concepto de carga de ejercicio. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo aprender y dominar el conocimiento y las habilidades del ejercicio físico a través de un sistema de enseñanza de fitness digital, mejorar eficazmente la capacidad de ejercicio científico de los estudiantes, movilizar los pasatiempos de los estudiantes para participar activamente en el ejercicio físico, mejorar los hábitos de ejercicio físico no científicos de los estudiantes en el pasado, promover la salud física y mental de los estudiantes y sentar las bases para la educación física de por vida. Métodos: Los métodos estudiados en este artículo incluyen principalmente un método experimental, método de documento, método de entrevista a expertos, método de encuesta por cuestionario, método de análisis matemático y otros métodos. Resultados: Después de dos semanas de preparación experimental y diez semanas de experimentos de enseñanza para desarrollar la capacidad de ejercicio físico de los estudiantes, la capacidad de ejercicio aeróbico de los estudiantes ha mejorado de manera constante. A través del sistema de enseñanza digital de fitness se potencia el interés de los estudiantes por participar en el ejercicio físico y el cultivo de las emociones y hábitos físicos deportivos, mejorando el entorno de ejercicio físico del colegio y satisfaciendo las necesidades de ejercicio físico de los estudiantes. Conclusiones: El sistema de enseñanza de fitness digital se encuentra en etapa de desarrollo y prueba. La primera generación de bicicletas fitness digitales tiene muchos problemas con el hardware y el software. Como una forma complementaria importante de educación física escolar en la nueva situación, este sistema promueve en gran medida la educación física a lo largo de la vida de los estudiantes y el aprendizaje del ejercicio físico científico. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos: investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Abstract Objective This study aimed to identify the predictors and threshold of failure in neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome. Methods Newborns with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome aged 0-28 days and gestational age ≥36 weeks were included in the study if their cases were managed with non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatments. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they died before discharge. Predictors of non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatment failure were sought, and the threshold of predictors was calculated. Results A total of 103 patients were included in the study. A total of 77 (74.8%) survived hospitalization and were discharged, whereas 26 (25.2%) died. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of oxygen index, pH, base excess, and combinations of these indicators demonstrated the advantage of the combination of oxygen index and base excess over the others variables regarding their predictive ability. The area under the curve for the combination of oxygen index and base excess was 0.865. When the cut-off values of oxygen index and base excess were 30.0 and −7.4, respectively, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting death were 77.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The model with base excess added a net reclassification improvement of 0.090 to the model without base excess. Conclusion The combination of oxygen index and base excess can be used as a predictor of outcomes in neonates receiving non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. In neonates with acute respiratory distress syndrome, if oxygen index >30 and base excess <−7.4, non-extra corporal membrane oxygenation therapy is likely to lead to death.

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study was designed to utilize stroke volume variation and cardiac index to ensure fluid optimization during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomies. METHODS: Eighty patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomized into either a goal-directed therapy group or a control group. In the goal-directed therapy group, the stroke volume variation was controlled at 10%±1%, and the cardiac index was controlled at a minimum of 2.5 L.min-1.m-2. In the control group, the MAP was maintained at between 65 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg, heart rate was maintained at between 60 BPM and 100 BPM, and urinary output was greater than 0.5 mL/kg-1/h-1. The hemodynamic variables, arterial blood gas analyses, total administered fluid volume and side effects were recorded. RESULTS: The PaO2/FiO2-ratio before the end of one-lung ventilation in the goal-directed therapy group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but there were no differences between the goal-directed therapy group and the control group for the PaO2/FiO2-ratio or other arterial blood gas analysis indices prior to anesthesia. The extubation time was significantly earlier in the goal-directed therapy group, but there was no difference in the length of hospital stay. Patients in the control group had greater urine volumes, and they were given greater colloid and overall fluid volumes. Nausea and vomiting were significantly reduced in the goal-directed therapy group. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that an optimization protocol, based on stroke volume variation and cardiac index obtained with a FloTrac/Vigileo device, increased the PaO2/FiO2-ratio and reduced the overall fluid volume, intubation time and postoperative complications (nausea and vomiting) in thoracic surgery patients requiring one-lung ventilation.

Las lianas son componentes importantes de los bosques tropicales y tienen importantes impactos en la diversidad, la estructura y la dinámica de los bosques tropicales. El presente estudio documenta la flora de lianas en una región tropical estacional china. La riqueza de especies, abundancia, clases de tamaño y patrones espaciales de distribución de las lianas fueron investigados en tres parcelas de una hectárea de bosque tropical estacional lluvioso, en Xishuangbanna, SW China. Todas las lianas con = 2 cm de diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) fueron medidas, etiquetadas e identificadas. Un total de 458 tallos de lianas pertenecientes a 95 especies (que van de 38 a 50 especies/ha), 59 géneros y 32 familias se registraron en las tres parcelas. Las familias mejor representadas fueron Loganiaceae, Annonceae, Papilionaceae, Apocynaceae y Rhamnaceae. Papilionaceae (14 especies registradas) fue la de mayor importancia. La densidad de población, área basal y el índice de valor de importancia (IVI) varió mucho a través de las tres parcelas. Strychnos cathayensis, Byttneria grandifolia y Bousigonia mekongensis fueron las especies dominantes en términos de IVI en las tres parcelas. La media de la biomasa aérea de lianas (3 396 kg/ha) representó el 1.4% de la biomasa aérea total de la comunidad. La abundancia, biomasa y diversidad de lianas en bosques tropicales estacionales de Xishuangbanna son inferiores a los de zonas tropicales y bosques húmedos, pero superiores a los de los bosques tropicales secos. Este estudio proporciona nuevos datos sobre las lianas de una región geográfica que ha sido poco estudiada. Los resultados enfatizan que otros factores, además de la cantidad y la estacionalidad de la precipitación, deben ser considerados al examinar los patrones de la abundancia de lianas.

Lianas are important components of tropical forests and have significant impacts on the diversity, structure and dynamics of tropical forests. The present study documented the liana flora in a Chinese tropical region. Species richness, abundance, size-class distribution and spatial patterns of lianas were investigated in three 1-ha plots in tropical seasonal rain forests in Xishuangbanna, SW China. All lianas with = 2 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) were measured, tagged and identified. A total of 458 liana stems belonging to 95 species (ranging from 38 to 50 species/ha), 59 genera and 32 families were recorded in the three plots. The most well-represented families were Loganiaceae, Annonceae, Papilionaceae, Apocynaceae and Rhamnaceae. Papilionaceae (14 species recorded) was the most important family in the study forests. The population density, basal area and importance value index (IVI) varied greatly across the three plots. Strychnos cathayensis, Byttneria grandifolia and Bousigonia mekongensis were the dominant species in terms of IVI across the three plots. The mean aboveground biomass of lianas (3 396 kg/ha) accounted for 1.4% of the total community aboveground biomass. The abundance, diversity and biomass of lianas in Xishuangbanna tropical seasonal rain forests are lower than those in tropical moist and wet forests, but higher than those in tropical dry forests. This study provides new data on lianas from a geographical region that has been little-studied. Our findings emphasize that other factors beyond the amount and seasonality of precipitation should be included when considering the liana abundance patterns across scales. Rev. Biol. Trop. 57 (1-2): 211-222. Epub 2009 June 30.