Abstract This study aimed to assess the feasibility of comet and cytogenetic tests as tools for evaluating genomic instability in seeds of Oryza sativa L. (rice) and Phaseolus vulgaris (beans) L. from gene banks. Rice and beans were exposed to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) as a reference DNA damaging agent. Seeds of two accessions of rice and beans were obtained from Embrapa Rice and Beans - Brazil. Seed groups were imbibed in three concentrations of MMS for three periods of time to carry out cytogenetic tests, and for one period for the comet test. At concentrations of 10 and 15 mg/L, MMS induced cytotoxic and/or mutagenic effects in the meristematic cells of roots from all the accessions of both species. In the comet test, MMS induced genotoxic effects at all the concentrations in the evaluated accessions of rice and beans, except in one accession of beans at the lowest concentration (5 mg/L). Both species showed sensitivity to MMS. The comet test can be proposed for the measurement of genomic instability in accessions of rice and beans in gene banks, as being more sensitive than the cytogenetic tests used.

Itraconazol, um antifúngico de amplo espectro, possui muitos efeitos colaterais e o uso de nanossistemas para a entrega de fármacos tem sido proposto como um método para otimizar a farmacocinética da droga e reduzir os efeitos colaterais. Um procedimento de cromatografia líquida de alta performance (HPLC) utilizando detecção fluorimétrica foi desenvolvido para a determinação de itraconazol em nanopartículas do copolímero de ácido láctico e glicólico, plasma e tecidos. A linearidade, limites de detecção e quantificação, recuperação, precisão, seletividade e estabilidade do método foram estabelecidas. O método desenvolvido foi testado na detecção e quantificação de itraconazol na biodistribuição de nanopartículas administrados intraperitonealmente em camundongos fêmeas Balb/C. Neste estudo foi desenvolvido um método analítico de HPLC com detecção fluorimétrica para quantificação de itraconazole em nanopartículas poliméricas, tecidos e plasma, sendo ele sensível, de baixo custo, viável para uso de rotina e com potencial para aplicação na biodistribuição e estudos farmacocinéticos de itraconazole em nanossistemas.

Itraconazole, a broad-spectrum anti-fungal, has many side effects, and nanosystems for drug delivery have been proposed as a method to optimize the drug's pharmacokinetics and reduce side effects. An high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure using fluorometric detection was developed for determination of itraconazole in polymeric poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles, plasma and tissue. Linearity, limits of detection and quantification, recovery, precision, selectivity and stability were established. The developed method was tested in itraconazole detection and quantification of biodistribution of nanoparticles administered intraperitoneally to Balb/C female mice. This study developed an analytical method for HPLC with fluorometric detection for quantification of itraconazole in polymeric nanoparticles, tissue and plasma, which is sensitive, low cost, viable for routine usage and with potential for application in itraconazole biodistribution and pharmacokinetics studies.