Abstract The Food Truck segment has become a food option with quality and reduced cost. The objective of the present work was to analyze the hygienic-sanitary quality of street foods sold in food trucks and to propose essential operational requirements for the control of hazards associated with this food sector. The cross-sectional descriptive study model was used with the application of a questionnaire to verify the hygienic-sanitary conditions of the food handlers of the trucks in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and a checklist to evaluate the structural conditions and compliance with the standards provided for in legislation. Among the handlers, 60% did not wash their hands properly, 62.9% did not have a training course and 18% of the trucks did not have a sink with potable water. Non-conformities were also observed at the points of sale, mainly due to the absence of an exhaust system and protection gutter for lamps. Thus, a proposal of essential operational requirements for food trucks was elaborated. There is a clear need to recognize this segment as an integral part of the commercialization of street food, proposing a specific control, increasing inspection, and use of a training program.

RESUMO: Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender quais as narrativas de gênero presentes na produção científica brasileira nas ciências da saúde no que diz respeito à Educação Física escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a scoping review, e foram incluídos nesta pesquisa artigos científicos encontrados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Chegou-se a 16 artigos, os quais consistiram na amostra deste estudo e foram lidos na íntegra. Como resultado, pode-se afirmar que: as publicações envolvem instituições públicas em sua maioria e a maior parte delas aconteceu na década de 2010; o Ensino Fundamental foi o nível educacional mais presente e os(as) estudantes tiveram participação importante nessas pesquisas; os trabalhos se mostraram, majoritariamente, qualitativos, sendo a observação e o questionário os instrumentos de coleta mais utilizados. Em relação ao conceito de gênero, a análise evidenciou que todos os trabalhos que tratavam dessas relações entendem gênero como uma construção social e histórica. Nesse sentido, pode-se concluir que a produção científica brasileira no campo das Ciências da Saúde que se debruçou sobre as relações de gênero na Educação Física escolar esteve delineada pela busca de melhor compreensão de um cenário excludente, sexista, que estimula de maneiras diferentes as vivências corporais de meninos e meninas e que reproduz estereótipos relacionados às feminilidades e masculinidades e, assim, ao longo da história, colocou as meninas num plano inferior e desigual na educação básica.

ABSTRACT: This study seeks to understand which gender narratives are present in the Brazilian scientific production regarding school Physical Education in health sciences. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. The methodology used was the scoping review, and scientific articles in the Virtual Health Library were included. The sample of this study consisted of 16 articles, which were read entirely. As a result, it can be stated that: publications involve mostly public institutions, most of which happened in the decade of 2010. Elementary School was the most present educational level, and students had an important participation in these studies; the researches were mostly qualitative, being observations and questionnaires the most used collection tools. As to the concept of gender, the analysis made evident that all the studies that dealt with these relations understand gender as a social and historical construction. In this sense, we can conclude that the Brazilian scientific production in the field of Health Sciences that focused on gender relations in school Physical Education was outlined by searching for a better understanding of an excluding, sexist scenario, which stimulates in different ways the corporal experiences of boys and girls and reproduces stereotypes related to femininity and masculinity and, thus, throughout history, has placed girls in an inferior and unequal plan in basic education.

RESUMEN: El objetivo es comprender qué narrativas de género están presentes en la producción científica brasileña en ciencias de la salud con respecto a la Educación Física escolar. La metodología fue la revisión de alcance y se incluyeron en esta investigación 16 artículos científicos que se encuentran en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. Como resultado, se puede decir que: la mayoría de las publicaciones involucran a instituciones públicas, y la mayoría de ellas tuvieron lugar en la década de 2010; La Enseñanza Primaria fue el nivel educativo más presente y los estudiantes tuvieron una participación importante en estas encuestas; los trabajos fueron en su mayoría cualitativos, siendo la observación y el cuestionario los instrumentos de recolección más utilizados. En cuanto al concepto de género, el análisis mostró que todos los trabajos que abordaron estas relaciones entienden el género como una construcción social e histórica. En ese sentido, se puede concluir que la producción científica brasileña en el campo de las Ciencias de la Salud que se centró en las relaciones de género en la educación física escolar estuvo delineada por la búsqueda de una mejor comprensión de un escenario excluyente, sexista, que estimula de diversas formas la vivencias corporales de niños y niñas y que reproduce estereotipos relacionados con la feminidad y la masculinidad y así, a lo largo de la historia, ha situado a las niñas en un nivel inferior y desigual en la educación básica.

Abstract Background The food environment can influence food and beverage choice by the population and their nutritional status. Objective To characterize the food environment of campuses at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Method A cross-sectional study of food and beverage establishments within the university was carried out. The assessment of the food environment was performed with the application of an instrument to collect information: type, food or preparations, mode, characteristics, menu and nutritional information, promotions, advertisements, availability of food or drinks, variety, and price. The observed foods and preparations, the presence of an approach such as nutritional information, advertisements, and promotions were classified as facilitators/barriers for healthy eating, according to the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population. Results Of the 5 establishments that participated, 4 were commercial and 1 was a university restaurant (RU). All establishments accepted cash and cards, and most had a menu and price. None had nutritional information. The supply of fruits and vegetables was found in 4 establishments. The availability of artificial sweetener was found in all locations. A wide variety of candies (8 ± 7.1), soft drinks (9 ± 3.7), chocolate (8 ± 7.1), salted biscuits (8 ± 12.3), and sweets (7 ± 9.1) were observed. Fruits had a higher average price, R$3.83, when compared to savory foods, R$ 2.85, and biscuits, R$ 1.50. Conclusion The university food environment presented a greater offer of unhealthy foods, presenting barriers to the promotion of more appropriate eating practices.

Resumo Introdução O ambiente alimentar pode influenciar as escolhas alimentares e de bebidas pela população e seu estado nutricional. Objetivo Caracterizar o ambiente alimentar dos campi de universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro. Método Estudo transversal com estabelecimentos que comercializavam alimentos e bebidas dentro dos campi da universidade. A avaliação do ambiente alimentar foi realizada com a aplicação de um instrumento para coleta das informações: tipo de estabelecimento, alimentos/preparações, modalidade, características, cardápio e informações nutricionais, promoções, propagandas, disponibilidade de alimentos/bebidas, variedade e preço. Os alimentos e preparações observados, a presença de estratégias como informação nutricional, propagandas e promoções foram classificados em facilitadores/ barreiras para alimentação saudável, de acordo com o Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Resultados Participaram do estudo cinco estabelecimentos, quatro eram comerciais e um o restaurante universitário (RU). Todos os estabelecimentos aceitavam dinheiro e cartão, havia cardápio e preço na maioria. Nenhum apresentava informação nutricional. A oferta de frutas/hortaliças foi encontrada em quatro estabelecimentos. A disponibilidade de edulcorante artificial foi encontrada em todos os locais. Observou-se grande variedade de balas (8 ± 7,1), refrigerantes (9 ± 3,7), chocolate (8 ± 7,1), biscoito salgado (8 ± 12,3) e doce (7 ± 9,1). Frutas apresentaram preço médio superior, R$ 3,83, quando comparadas aos salgados, R$ 2,85 e biscoitos, R$ 1,50. Conclusão O ambiente alimentar universitário apresentou maior oferta de alimentos não saudáveis, apresentando barreiras na promoção de práticas alimentares mais adequadas.

Abstract In 2020, the South African government adopted a controversial measure in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a nationwide ban on the sale and transport of alcoholic drinks. In this article, we explore the process that led to the construction of alcohol consumption as a “public problem” in the country, highlighting connections between alcohol drinking, politics, the economy, public health, public safety, and social inequality. We observe how the 2020 alcohol ban was decided upon, justified and enforced, following a long history of government attempts to control alcohol consumption among poor non-White South Africans. Based on ethnographic data, we present some patterns and meanings of alcohol consumption in popular settings and provide a glimpse into the drinking practices of more affluent South Africans during the alcohol ban. In doing so, we intend to offer a broader portrait of the phenomenon, one that helps grasp this intricate issue.

Resumo Em 2020, o governo sul-africano adotou uma medida polêmica em resposta à pandemia de COVID-19: a proibição nacional da venda e do transporte de bebidas alcoólicas. Neste artigo, exploramos o processo que levou à construção do consumo de álcool como um “problema público” no país, destacando as conexões entre consumo de álcool, política, economia, saúde pública, segurança pública e desigualdade social. Observamos como a proibição do álcool em 2020 foi decidida, justificada e aplicada, após uma longa história de tentativas do governo de controlar o consumo de álcool entre sul-africanos pobres não brancos. Com base em dados etnográficos, apresentamos alguns padrões e significados do consumo de álcool em ambientes populares e fornecemos um vislumbre das práticas de consumo de bebidas entre os sul-africanos mais ricos durante a proibição do álcool. Com isso, pretendemos oferecer um retrato mais amplo do fenômeno, que ajude a apreender essa intrincada questão.

This study aims to understand which gender narratives are present in Brazilian scientific production in health sciences regarding school Physical Education. It is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach. The methodology used was the scoping review and scientific articles found in the Virtual Health Library (Portal BVS) were included in this research. There were 16 articles, which were the sample of this study and were fully read. As a result, it can be stated that: the publications mostly involve public institutions and most of them happened in the decade of 2010; elementary school was the most present educational level and students had an important participation in these researches; the studies were mostly qualitative, with observation and the questionnaire being the most used instruments for data collection. Regarding the concept of gender, the analysis showed that all the works that dealt with these relationships understand gender as a social and historical construction. In this sense, it can be concluded that the Brazilian scientific production in the field of Health Sciences that focused on gender relations in school physical education was outlined by the search for a better understanding of an exclusive, sexist scenario, which stimulates in different ways the bodily experiences of boys and girls and that reproduces stereotypes related to femininities and masculinities and thus, throughout history, has placed girls on a lower and unequal level in school education.

El objetivo es comprender qué narrativas de género están presentes en la producción científica brasileña en ciencias de la salud con respecto a la Educación Física escolar. La metodología fue la revisión de alcance y se incluyeron en esta investigación 16 artículos científicos que se encuentran en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. Como resultado, se puede decir que: la mayoría de las publicaciones involucran a instituciones públicas, y la mayoría de ellas tuvieron lugar en la década de 2010; La Enseñanza Primaria fue el nivel educativo más presente y los estudiantes tuvieron una participación importante en estas encuestas; los trabajos fueron en su mayoría cualitativos, siendo la observación y el cuestionario los instrumentos de recolección más utilizados. En cuanto al concepto de género, el análisis mostró que todos los trabajos que abordaron estas relaciones entienden el género como una construcción social e histórica. En ese sentido, se puede concluir que la producción científica brasileña en el campo de las Ciencias de la Salud que se centró en las relaciones de género en la educación física escolar estuvo delineada por la búsqueda de una mejor comprensión de un escenario excluyente, sexista, que estimula de diversas formas la vivencias corporales de niños y niñas y que reproduce estereotipos relacionados con la feminidad y la masculinidad y así, a lo largo de la historia, ha situado a las niñas en un nivel inferior y desigual en la educación básica.

Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender quais as narrativas de gênero presentes na produção científica brasileira nas ciências da saúde no que diz respeito à Educação Física escolar. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A metodologia utilizada foi a scoping review e foram incluídos nesta pesquisa artigos científicos encontrados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Chegou-se a 16 artigos, os quais consistiram na amostra deste estudo e foram lidos na íntegra. Como resultado pode-se afirmar que: as publicações envolvem instituições públicas em sua maioria e, a maior parte deles, aconteceu na década de 2010; o Ensino Fundamental foi o nível educacional mais presente e os/as estudantes tiveram participação importante nessas pesquisas; os trabalhos se mostraram, majoritariamente, qualitativos, sendo a observação e o questionário os instrumentos de coleta mais utilizados. Em relação ao conceito de gênero, a análise evidenciou que todos os trabalhos que tratavam dessas relações entendem gênero como uma construção social e histórica. Nesse sentido, pode-se concluir que a produção científica brasileira no campo das Ciências da Saúde que se debruçou sobre as relações de gênero na educação física escolar esteve delineada pela busca de melhor compreensão de um cenário excludente, sexista, que estimula de maneiras diferentes as vivências corporais de meninos e meninas e que reproduz estereótipos relacionados às feminilidades e masculinidades e assim, ao longo da história, colocou as meninas num plano inferior e desigual na educação básica.

Abstract We aimed to measure the efficiency of visual selection of plant vigor for green biomass production of U. ruziziensis using single- and multitrait approaches to maximize the predictive accuracy of the genetic value. The green biomass production and plant vigor of 254 U. ruziziensis clones were measured over nine evaluation cuttings to determine the efficiency of these approaches for production improvement. Individual and multicutting analyses were performed under single-trait and multitrait approaches using mixed models. The efficiency of visual selection was assessed by measuring plant vigor based on direct and indirect genetic gains. Plant vigor showed a high genetic association with green biomass and could be selected for production, especially in the initial phases of breeding programs. The multitrait approach was superior to the single-trait approach in predicting the genetic value of the clones, and it can be used in U. ruziziensis breeding programs.

Objetivo: Avaliar violência interpessoal não sexual contra crianças e adolescentes em um hospital universitário terciário. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 240 pacientes em situação de violência não sexual por 15 anos. A análise incluiu: dados demográficos, local de referência do hospital, tipo e autor da violência, encaminhamento legal, exames laboratoriais e de imagem, e desfechos graves. Resultados: Situações de violência não sexual foram diagnosticadas em 240 de 295.993 (0,1%) pacientes durante os 15 anos do período: 148/240 (61,7%) em crianças e 92/240 (38,3%) em adolescentes. Os tipos de violências mais frequentes foram negligência em 156/240 (65,0%), violência física 62/240 (25,8%), agressão psicológica/emocional 52/240 (21,7%), síndrome de Münchausen por procuração 4/240 (1,7%) e bullying/cyberbullying em 3/240 (1,3%). As condições crônicas pediátricas mais frequentes foram: doença renal crônica 24/123 (19,5%), vírus da imunodeficiência humana 14/123 (11,4%), prematuridade 9/123 (7,3%), paralisia cerebral 8/123 (6,5%) e asma 8/123 (6,5%). Comparações entre crianças e adolescentes em situação de violência não sexual revelaram que houve diferença significativa entre os locais de referência do hospital. A frequência de pacientes sob violência encaminhados de ambulatórios foi significantemente reduzida em crianças versus adolescentes (27,7 vs. 62%), enquanto encaminhamentos de pronto-socorro foram mais numerosos no primeiro grupo (57,4 vs. 25%, p<0,001). Os tipos de violências e condições pediátricas crônicas foram semelhantes nos dois grupos(p>0,05). Conclusões: Violência não sexual na nossa população pediátrica foi raramente diagnosticada em um hospital terciário, principalmente negligência, agressão física e psicológica/emocional. Aproximadamente dois terços dos diagnósticos de violência ocorreram em crianças, preferencialmente encaminhadas pelo departamento de emergência. Em contrapartida, cerca de um terço dos diagnósticos de violência ocorreu em adolescentes, encaminhados principalmente pelos ambulatórios.

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to assess interpersonal nonsexual violence against children and adolescents in a tertiary university hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 240 patients under nonsexual violence situation for 15 consecutive years. Data analyses included demographic data, hospital referral site, type and author of nonsexual violence, legal referral, laboratorial and imaging examinations, and outcomes. Results: Nonsexual violence situation was diagnosed in 240 (0.1%) of 295,993 patients for 15 years: 148 (61.7%) in children and 92 (38.3%) in adolescents. Out of 240, the most frequent types of violence were negligence in 156 (65.0%), physical 62 (25.8%), psychological/emotional aggression 52 (21.7%), Munchausen by proxy syndrome 4 (1.7%), and bullying/cyberbullying in 3 (1.3%). Out of 123, the most common pediatric chronic conditions were chronic kidney disease 24 (19.5%), human immunodeficiency virus 14 (11.4%), prematurity 9 (7.3%), cerebral palsy 8 (6.5%), and asthma 8 (6.5%). Further comparison between children versus adolescent under nonsexual violence situation revealed significant difference between the hospital referral sites. The frequency of patients under violence referred from outpatient clinics was significantly reduced in children versus adolescents (27.7 vs. 62%), whereas emergency department was higher in the former group (57.4 vs. 25.0%; p<0.001). All types of violence situations and pediatric chronic conditions were similar in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Nonsexual violence against our pediatric population was rarely diagnosed in a tertiary hospital, mainly negligence, physical, and psychological/emotional aggression. Approximately two-thirds of violence diagnosis occurred in children, referred mainly by the emergency department. In contrast, approximately one-third of violence diagnosis occurred in adolescents, referred mostly by outpatient clinics.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as iniciativas sociais governamentais voltadas para as pessoas com tuberculose e as possibilidades de acesso aos programas sociais governamentais e de transferência de renda, na percepção dos gestores de programas de tuberculose. Métodos: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, com 19 gestores de Belém, Recife, Campo Grande e Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: não há suporte social governamental específico para pessoas com tuberculose; os benefícios são destinados às pessoas em vulnerabilidade social. Existem parcerias entre as instituições da rede social secundária da saúde, assistência social e instituições comunitárias. Considerações Finais: o apoio das instâncias oficiais é importante para o controle da tuberculose, contudo o perfil de vulnerabilidade das pessoas é fator determinante para o acesso ao/destinação dos recursos desses programas governamentais de apoio social.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze government social initiatives aimed at people with tuberculosis and the possibilities of access to government social programs and income transfers through the perception of tuberculosis program managers. Methods: descriptive, qualitative study with 19 managers from Belém, Recife, Campo Grande, and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Thematic content analysis was used. Results: there is no specific government social support for people with tuberculosis; the benefits are intended for people in social vulnerability. There are partnerships between the institutions of the secondary social healthcare network, social assistance, and community institutions. Final Considerations: the support of official bodies is important for the control of tuberculosis; however, the profile of people’s vulnerability is a determining factor for access to/destination of resources from these government social support programs.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las iniciativas sociales gubernamentales dirigidas a las personas con tuberculosis y las posibilidades de acceso a los programas sociales gubernamentales y de transferencia de renta, en la percepción de los gestores de programas de tuberculosis. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, con 19 gestores de Belém, Recife, Campo Grande y Rio de Janeiro. Se utilizó el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: no hay soporte social gubernamental específico para personas con tuberculosis; los beneficios son destinados a las personas en vulnerabilidad social. Hay colaboraciones entre las instituciones de la red social secundaria de salud, asistencia social e instituciones comunitarias. Consideraciones Finales: el apoyo de las instancias oficiales es importante para el control de la tuberculosis, con todo el perfil de vulnerabilidad de las personas es factor determinante para el acceso al/destinación de los recursos de esos programas gubernamentales de apoyo social.

ABSTRACT E. coli is the main pathogen of UTI. It is important to be aware the local epidemiological data for an appropriate initial treatment. Resistance to antimicrobial agents has increased, especially to first-choice antibiotics in the treatment of cystitis. There are few studies on the sensivity profile of community uropathogen in our region. Objective: To characterize antimicrobials the sensitivity profile to E. coli isolated from urocultures of women treated at Basic Health Units and Emergency Care Units of Londrina-Paraná- Brazil during a period of 12 months (June 1, 2016 to June 1, 2017). Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2016 to June 2017. All urine samples collected in the Basic Health Units and Emergency Departments in the city of Londrina (Paraná State, Brazil) were sent to a Central Laboratory where the identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints were used for the interpretation of susceptibility testing results. Results: 56,555 urine cultures were performed in the period, of which 8,832 were positive, of which 5,377 were women. Of these samples, 4.7% were enterobacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and 15.5% resistant to quinolones. TMP- SMX was resistant in more than 30% of the samples in all age groups. Among quinolone-resistant isolates, resistance to cephalothin, ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim was greater than 60%. Nitrofurantoin was the only antimicrobial that showed 90% of sensitivity. Conclusion: The antimicrobials sensitivity profile was similar to that reported in the literature, with TMP- SMX resistance greater than 30% in the studied samples. Nitrofurantoin maintains high sensitivity rates greater than 90%. Resistance to quinolones increases proportionally with age, as well ESBL.

ABSTRACT Acquired antibiotic resistance in bacteria has become an important worldwide challenge. Currently, several bacteria, including Escherichia coli, have multidrug resistance profiles. Genes such as bla CTX-M-24 and bla KPC-2 (carbapenemase) are widespread. This research letter reports about a genomic surveillance study where multidrug-resistant E. coli containing CTX-M-24(IncF [F-:A1:B32]) and KPC-2(IncX3/IncU) plasmids were obtained from community- acquired urinary tract infection in Brazil.

Resumo A ocorrência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em bovinos, no bioma cerrado brasileiro, é pouco conhecida. Particularmente, não existem dados epidemiológicos relativos à infecção em terras quilombolas, áreas formadas por descendentes de escravos africanos refugiados. O estudo objetivou determinar a prevalência, a distribuição espacial e os fatores de risco associados à infecção por T. gondii em bovinos, na comunidade remanescente de quilombos Kalunga, no bioma cerrado. Amostras de sangue foram coletadas de 1.533 bovinos para detecção de anticorpos pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). A área em estudo foi dividida em cinco macrorregiões para determinação da distribuição espacial da infecção. Um questionário objetivo foi aplicado aos proprietários dos bovinos para a avaliação dos fatores de risco, os quais foram analisados por meio de análise univariada e regressão logística. Verificou-se ocorrência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em 8,93% (137/1533) dos bovinos, com anticorpos detectados em 49,6% (66/133) dos rebanhos de todas as macrorregiões. Os fatores de risco associados à infecção foram: número de animais no rebanho (OR: 30,56), compra de bovinos (OR: 2,57), faixa etária dos animais (OR: 1,95) e temperatura anual média (OR: 1,77). Assim, documentam-se, de forma inédita, a ocorrência, a distribuição espacial e os fatores de risco associados à infecção por T. gondii em bovinos na comunidade quilombola Kalunga.

Abstract Little is known about Toxoplasma gondii infection among cattle living in the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) biome in Brazil. In particular, there is no epidemiological data relating to infection in quilombo lands, i.e. areas settled by Afro-descendants of escaped slaves. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, spatial distribution and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection among cattle in the Kalunga quilombo, in the Cerrado biome. Blood samples were collected from 1533 cattle for antibody detection using the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The study area was subdivided into five macroregions to determine the spatial distribution of infection. An objective questionnaire was applied to the cattle owners to evaluate risk factors, which were analyzed using univariate analysis and logistic regression. The prevalence of T. gondii infection among cattle was 8.93% (137/1533), and antibodies were found in 49.6% of the herds (66/133), in all macroregions. The risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in cattle were the following: number of animals in the herd (OR: 30.56), purchase of cattle (OR: 2.57), age group (OR: 1.95) and average annual temperature (OR: 1.77). Thus, the occurrence rate, spatial distribution and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection among cattle in the Kalunga quilombola community are documented here, for the first time.

Abstract Background: In the past 20 years, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been investigated as treatment for systemic sclerosis (SSc). The goal of HSCT is to eradicate the autoreactive immune system, which is replaced by a new immune repertoire with long-lasting regulation and tolerance to autoantigens. Here, we describe the clinical outcomes of severe and refractory SSc patients that underwent HSCT at a single Brazilian center. Patients and methods: This is a longitudinal and retrospective study, including 70 adult SSc patients, with an established diagnosis of SSc, and who underwent autologous HSCT from 2009 to 2016. The procedure included harvesting and cryopreservation of autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells, followed by administration of an immunoablative regimen and subsequent infusion of the previously collected cells. Patients were evaluated immediately before transplantation, at 6 months and then yearly until at least 5-years of post-transplantation follow-up. At each evaluation time point, patients underwent clinical examination, including modified Rodnan's skin score (mRSS) assessment, echocardiography, high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs and pulmonary function. Results: Median (range) age was 35.9 (19–59), with 57 (81.4%) female and median (range) non-Raynaud's disease duration of 2 (1–7) years. Before transplantation, 96% of the patients had diffuse skin involvement, 84.2%, interstitial lung disease and 67%, positive anti-topoisomerase I antibodies. Skin involvement significantly improved, with a decline in mRSS at all post-transplantation time points until at least 5-years of follow-up. When patients with pre-HSCT interstitial lung disease were analyzed, there was an improvement in pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide) over the 5-year follow-up. Overall survival was 81% and progression-free survival was 70.5% at 8-years after HSCT. Three patients died due to transplant-related toxicity, 9 patients died over follow-up due to disease reactivation and one patient died due to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Conclusions: Autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation improves skin and interstitial lung involvement. These results are in line with the international experience and support HSCT as a viable therapeutic alternative for patients with severe and progressive systemic sclerosis.

O artigo objetiva assinalar indícios históricos e legais no que tange a avaliação da Educação Superior no Brasil, evidenciando fatos que favoreceram a construção do processo de avaliação atualmente observado. Entende-se que estudar a história é fator preponderante, para se apreender o modelo avaliativo vigente e propor mudanças nestes mecanismos tão presentes no cotidiano das IES. A escolha por uma opção metodológica qualitativa, justifica-se pelo interesse na realização de análises profundas que ultrapassem o limite da superficialidade possibilitando uma compreensão mais completa dos fatos e variáveis que tangenciam o objeto investigado. O estudo revela que fragilidades se mantém ao logo do tempo, pois já no final da Primeira República, evidenciavam-se problemas, como a falta de estrutura universitária; revelando então a necessidade de se estabelecer políticas públicas capazes de melhor estruturar a Educação Superior no Brasil.

The article aims to point out historical and legal evidence regarding the evaluation of Higher Education in Brazil, evidencing facts that favored the construction of the evaluation process currently observed. It is understood that studying history is a preponderant factor, in order to apprehend the current evaluative model and propose changes in these mechanisms so present in the daily life of HEIs. The choice for a qualitative methodological option is justified by the interest in conducting deep analyzes that exceed the limit of superficiality, allowing a more complete understanding of the facts and variables that touch the investigated object. The study reveals that weaknesses remain to the time, since at the end of the First Republic, problems such as lack of university structure were evident; thus revealing the need to establish public policies capable of better structuring Higher Education in Brazil.

Abstract Background The reproducibility and reliability of the modified Rodnan's Skin Score (mRSS) are debated due to investigator-related subjectivity. Here, we evaluate if durometry correlates with mRSS in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2018 to June 2019, including 58 diffuse SSc patients. Two certified researchers, blind to each other's scores, performed the mRSS, followed by durometry at 17 predefined skin sites. For durometry and mRSS, individual scores per skin site were registered. Durometry and mRSS results measured by each researcher, as well as scores from different researchers, were compared. Skin thickness measurements from forearm skin biopsies were available in a subset of the patients, for comparisons. Statistical analyses included Cohen's Kappa Coefficient, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, Kendall's Coefficient and Spearman's test. Results Mean (standard deviation, SD) patient age was 44.8 (12.9) years, and 88% were female. Inter-rater agreement varied from 0.88 to 0.99 (Intraclass correlation coefficient) for durometry, and 0.54 to 0.79 (Cohen's Kappa coefficient) for mRSS, according to the specific evaluated sites. When data were compared with skin thickness assessed in forearm biopsies, durometry correlated better with skin thickness than mRSS. Conclusion Durometry may be considered as an alternative method to quantify skin involvement in patients with diffuse SSc. The strong inter-rater agreement suggests that the method may be useful for the assessment of patients by multiple researchers, as in clinical trials.

Resumo Este estudo tem o objetivo de discutir as perspectivas da educação física para o ensino médio no que se refere à saúde. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma revisão de literatura e apresentação de uma proposta pedagógica de trabalho. A revisão de literatura buscou subsídios teóricos, sobretudo, nos documentos que norteiam a prática da educação física em âmbito escolar, enquanto que a proposta foi construída a partir dos pares dialéticos apresentados por Luiz Carlos Freitas (objetivos x avaliação e conteúdo x metodologia). Neste estudo, foi realizada uma proposta para que a educação física possa contribuir na formação de sujeitos críticos e independentes com relação às opiniões que assumem. Acreditamos que a proposição realizada pode incentivar os alunos a refletirem sobre o corpo e a saúde no que se refere aos ditames contemporâneos do estilo de vida ativo e saudável, proporcionando um olhar ampliado sobre as práticas corporais e a vida.

Abstract This study aims to discuss the perspectives of Physical Education for high school regarding health. To this end, a literature review was developed, and a pedagogical work proposal was presented. The literature review sought theoretical subsidies, especially in documents that guide the practice of physical education in school environments, whereas the proposal was constructed from the dialectical pairs presented by Luiz Carlos Freitas (objectives x evaluation and content x methodology). In this study, a proposal was made so that Physical Education can contribute to the training of critical and independent subjects in relation to the opinions they assume. We believe that this proposition can encourage students to reflect on the body and health regarding contemporary precepts of the active and healthy lifestyle, providing an expanded look at body practices and life.