ABSTRACT Subsurface temperatures have been measured in different regions of the world, usually near the surface up to a depth of about a hundred meters. In this work a forward model calculation for a Northern Hemisphere soil temperature site at Kapuskasing, Canada, is presented, employing the solution of the differential equation of heat conduction through a semi-infinite homogeneous solid, subject to surface boundary conditions determined by surface air temperature. In this way, a detailed analysis is made of the subsurface temperature as a function of ground depth and for the time interval ranging from 1970 to the future (including the next century), for different scenarios of climate change. From these results, it was possible to determine the following characteristic quantities: (a) the depth where the surface perturbation (practically) finishes (in the range of about 180-200 m); (b) the depth where the subsurface temperature changes its slope from negative to positive; (c) the temperature change at the surface for the years where data exist; (d) the thermal gradient at steady state in the starting year (1880); (e) the temperature differences extrapolated at surface and at a 20 m depth, this last value corresponding to the depth at which seasonal and diurnal temperature variations are negligible; (f) the heat flow at surface to the inner part of the soil attributed to climate change, and (g) the temperature changes at surface for the 100 years interval (1980-2080) and mainly for the next century (2080-2180), for each site and for each IPCC Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenario. As an example, the impact of the change in mean annual soil temperature due to global warming in near-surface geothermal energy is described.

RESUMEN Las temperaturas del subsuelo se han medido en diferentes regiones del mundo, por lo general cerca de la superficie hasta una profundidad de unos cientos de metros. En este trabajo se presenta un cálculo de modelo directo (predictivo) para un sitio de temperatura del suelo en el hemisferio norte (Kapuskasing, Canadá) empleando la solución de la ecuación diferencial de conducción de calor a través de un sólido homogéneo seminfinito, sujeto a las condiciones de contorno de la superficie determinadas por la temperatura del aire en dicha superficie. De esta forma, se realiza un análisis detallado de la temperatura del subsuelo en función de la profundidad del suelo y para el intervalo de tiempo que va desde 1970 hasta el futuro (incluido el próximo siglo), para diferentes escenarios de cambio climático. A partir de estos resultados, fue posible determinar las siguientes cantidades características: a) la profundidad donde la perturbación de la superficie (prácticamente) termina (en el rango de aproximadamente 180-200 m); b) la profundidad donde la temperatura del subsuelo cambia su pendiente de negativa a positiva; c) el cambio de temperatura en la superficie para los años en los que existen datos; d) el gradiente térmico en estado estacionario en el año inicial (1880); e) las diferencias de temperatura extrapoladas en la superficie y a 20 m de profundidad, correspondiendo este último valor a la profundidad en que las variaciones de temperatura estacionales y diurnas son insignificantes; f) el flujo de calor en la superficie hacia la parte interna del suelo atribuido al cambio climático, y g) los cambios de temperatura en la superficie para el intervalo de 100 años (1980-2080) y principalmente para el próximo siglo (2080-2180), para cada sitio y escenario de la Ruta de Concentración Representativa (RCP) del IPCC. Como ejemplo se describe el impacto del cambio en la temperatura media anual del suelo debido al calentamiento global en la energía geotérmica cercana a la superficie.

Pleurotin is a natural compound and potent inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzyme, which is a target for cancer chemotherapy. The present study proposes a pharmacophore model for TrxR inhibitors based on the in silico analysis of 34 pleurotin analogues. The results led to ligand 33 with a flexible -SR side-chain at p-quinone and a H-bond donor -CH2NH2 at the oxepane ring. The ligand-TrxR binding free energy was -236 kJ mol 1 for 33, better than pleurotin (-166 kJ mol 1). The results provide a clear and practical guide to design pleurotin derivatives with anticancer potential that could expand the pharmacological potential of this class of natural products. (TrxR enzyme chemotherapy 3 analogues SR sidechain side chain pquinone p quinone Hbond H bond CH2NH2 CHNH CH NH -CH2NH ring ligandTrxR 236 -23 166 (-16 1. . 1) products CH2NH 23 -2 16 (-1 2 - (- (

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro fermentation of spineless cactus of the genus Nopalea, F-21 (Nopalea cochenillifera Dyck), IPA-Sertânia (Nopalea cochenillifera Dyck) and Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck), in different phenophases. There was no effect (P < 0.05) of the phenological phases of spineless cactus on DM, ash, OM, EE, and CP. Varieties F-21 and Miúda presented higher values of DM and OM, whereas the CP was higher for IPA-Sertânia. The contents of NDF, ADF, and ADL, as well as the fractions of carbohydrates B2 and C were higher in the mature stage, irrespective of the variety. The Miúda variety showed higher levels of NFC and fractions A + B1 and the lower levels of pectin compared to the F-21 and IPA-Sertânia varieties, but not differ of TC to F-21. The volume of gas produced via the degradation of NFC was higher for young phenological phases. The young and intermediate stages showed a higher in vitro digestibility of DM. Based on the results, varieties IPA-Sertânia and Miúda have a high potential for use in animal feed because of their high nutritional quality. Mature cladodes showed a higher fibrous fraction and lower digestibility in all varieties. Nopalea F21 F 21 F-2 Dyck, Dyck , IPASertânia IPA Sertânia phenophases P 0.05 005 0 05 ash OM EE IPASertânia. Sertânia. NDF ADF ADL B stage F21. 21. results quality F2 2 F- 0.0 00 0.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of increasing levels of spineless cactus (SC) [Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm Dyck] on nutrient intake, ingestive behaviour, and performance of lambs in a feedlot. Thirty-two male (non-castrated) Santa Inês lambs with a mean initial body weight (BW) of 20.4 ± 2.60 kg were distributed across four levels of spineless cactus: zero, 24, 52, and 75% of total diet dry matter (DM). Over 56 days, the animals had their intake and performance monitored. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the dry matter intake and total digestible nutrients, but linearly decreased (p<0.05) the neutral detergent fiber intake. Drinking water intake decreased linearly (p<0.05) with the inclusion of SC in the diet. The inclusion of SC influenced (p<0.05) in a quadratic way the digestibility of organic matter in the diet. The increase in the level of SC in the diet increased linearly (p<0.05) the feeding and rumination efficiencies of the lambs. The maximum daily gain of 0.237 kg/day was achieved with 44% SC in the diet. It is recommended to include up to 40% of spineless cactus in the diet of lambs. (SC Nopalea L. L (L. Dyck behaviour feedlot Thirtytwo Thirty two noncastrated non castrated (non-castrated BW (BW 204 20 4 20. 260 2 60 2.6 zero 24 52 75 DM. DM . (DM) 5 days monitored p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 nutrients 0237 237 0.23 kgday day 44 40 (L 26 6 2. 7 (DM p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 023 23 0.2 p<0. p0 (p<0. 02 0. p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

PURPOSE: High levels of online media use and permanent connectedness are common features of contemporary life in the developed world. In recent studies, the concept of online vigilance has been adopted to describe individuals' chronic attentional orientation towards and engagement with their online spheres. The present study extends this notion by investigating its role in relation to stress and boundary management DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A sample of 299 knowledge workers completed an online survey concerning the role of cross-domain online vigilance in the blurring of work-personal boundaries and the potential impact this may have on perceived stress FINDINGS/RESULTS: Contrary to extant evidence, the findings of this study indicate that cross-domain online vigilance does not predict stress, neither on its own nor when interacting with individuals' domain segmentation preferences. However, the findings indicate that younger knowledge workers, more than their older colleagues, have trouble disconnecting from their personal online spheres while working PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Work communication policies and norms should enable workers to psychologically disconnect from work during non-working hours and should be sensitive to the differences in personal preferences for boundary segmentation. Constant psychological connection to personal online communication may impact performance among younger knowledge workers ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The present study is the first to consider the notion of online vigilance in relation to boundary management and stress among knowledge workers. The findings are particularly relevant given the increased blurring of work-personal boundaries that results from organisations adopting work-from-anywhere policies following the COVID-19 pandemic

CNFD (6b,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]naphtho[2,1-d]furan-5,6(9aH)-dione) is a semisynthetic naphthoquinone derived from lawsone that has cytotoxic action in different tumor lines and anticancer activity in vivo. Therefore, this molecule is a relevant candidate for drug development, but there is still no information on its human metabolism and systemic elimination. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro metabolism of this naphthoquinone by human liver microsomes. Initially, in order to determine the in vitro enzymatic kinetic parameters, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantify the CNFD was developed and validated. In addition, the enzymatic kinetic data, the predicted pharmacokinetic in vivo parameters and the phenotyping study were presented. The main metabolism sites and metabolites have been suggested in silico. The developed HPLC method was linear, reproducible, selective, accurate, and stable. The enzymatic kinetic parameters revealed a sigmoidal profile. In vitro to in vivo extrapolation hepatic metabolic clearance was 10.39 mL min-1 kg-1 protein and the liver extraction rate was 51%. The clearance in vivo associated with a hepatic extraction ratio indicates that the hepatic metabolism is the main route of elimination. Although all cytochrome P450 enzymes evaluated metabolized CNFD, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 showed higher metabolic capacity. For the first time, metabolism studies of CNFD were demonstrated.

Abstract The surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is very reactive and can oxidize to γ-Fe2O3 (maghemite) and α-Fe2O3 (hematite) structures. Based on this, the oxidation process of Fe3O4 nanoparticles must be prevented, and one of the strategies is surface functionalization with organic or inorganic molecules. Thus, this study analyzed the thermal behavior of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-EDTA nanoparticles using X-ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that γ- Fe2O3 was obtained as an intermediate in Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-EDTA decomposition, as confirmed by TG-DTA and DSC curves. Moreover, Fe3O4-EDTA exhibited a temperature peak (Tp = 573.5°C) of phase transformation (γ-Fe2O3 → α-Fe2O3) higher than that of Fe3O4 (Tp = 533.0°C), confirming that EDTA molecules stabilized the nanoparticles efficiently. The kinetic behavior of samples changed, and the activation energy for functionalized samples decreased.

Abstract This paper presents an Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (AVA) design, focusing on its constructional aspects. The main features analysed are the connector attachment structure and the introduction of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) part that supports the antenna laminate. Issues related to dielectric penetration by milling tools are also addressed. The proposed AVA was manufactured through a low-cost prototyping process and tested, achieving an operational bandwidth from 5 to 18 GHz for a reflection coefficient less than −10 dB and an average gain of 6.23 dBi. The prototype meets all design requirements, which shows the viability of the developed radiator.

RESUMO A obtenção de vegetais biofortificados, com destaque para a alface, é uma ferramenta para melhorar o estado nutricional da população. Os índices de seleção podem maximizar a seleção simultânea de boas características agronômicas e altos níveis de carotenoides. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos e a eficiência de diferentes índices para a seleção de genótipos de alface biofortificados combinados com características agronômicas adequadas. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com 91 genótipos pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma de alface biofortificada da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. As variáveis analisadas foram: índice de clorofila das folhas, diâmetro da planta, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas por planta. Os valores encontrados para herdabilidade no sentido restrito (h²) variaram de 89,63% (diâmetro do caule) a 96,05% (clorofila), apresentando alta magnitude. O índice de Smith-Hazel, a soma de “ranks” de Mulamba & Mock, a seleção direta e indireta e o índice base de Williams foram usados para prever os ganhos de seleção. No total, 17 indivíduos foram selecionados usando as metodologias de seleção. Os índices de Smith-Hazel, Williams e Mulamba & Mock são eficientes em mostrar bons ganhos diretos para as características avaliadas. Treze genótipos foram selecionados por todos os índices apresentando características agronômicas favoráveis, sendo promissores para o avanço de geração no programa de melhoramento para obter linhagens de alface biofortificadas.

ABSTRACT Obtaining biofortified vegetables with an emphasis on lettuce is a tool to improve the nutritional status of the population. Selection indices can maximize the simultaneous selection of good agronomic traits and high carotenoid levels. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and efficiency of different indices in selecting genotypes of biofortified lettuce with high concentrations of carotenoids and favorable agronomic traits. Statistical analyses were performed on 91 genotypes belonging to the vegetable germplasm bank of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. The variables analyzed were the chlorophyll index of the leaves, plant diameter, stem diameter, and number of leaves per plant. The values found for narrow sense heritability (h²) ranged from 89.63% (stem diameter) to 96.05% (chlorophyll), showing a high magnitude. The Smith-Hazel index, sum of ranks by the Mulamba & Mock index, direct and indirect selection, and Williams base index were used to predict the selection gains. A total of 17 individuals were selected using the selection methodologies. The Smith-Hazel, Williams, and Mulamba & Mock indices were efficient in showing good direct gains for the evaluated traits. Thirteen genotypes were selected for all indices presenting suitable agronomic traits, which show promise for advancing generations within the breeding program to obtain biofortified lettuce strains.

Resumo: Este dossiê apresenta resultados inéditos de uma agenda de investigação que problematiza a dinâmica das relações sociais, no Brasil, discutindo como as populações escravizadas e libertas montaram estratégias de sobrevivência e de reinvenção em territórios demarcados pela escravidão moderna por meio do associativismo. Os artigos se espraiam entre os séculos XVIII e XX, abrangem diversas regiões brasileiras e ampliam as percepções de como negras e negros moldaram o país a partir de tensionamentos, conflitos e negociações alterando as configurações sociais, culturais, educacionais, científicas, dentre outros campos das relações humanas.

Abstract: This dossier brings to the public new results of a research agenda that problematizes the dynamics of the social relations in Brazil, discussing how the enslaved and freed populations developed strategies of survival and reinvention through associativism in territories marked by modern slavery. The articles cover a period extending from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, approach different Brazilian regions, and expand how the perceptions of black women and men have shaped the country through tensions, conflicts, negotiations, changing social, cultural, educational, and scientific configurations, among other fields of human relations.

Summary Introduction : A new botanical species, Senecio huaynaputinaensis, is described. Its morphology is compared and discussed with relative species. Moreover, its habitat is described, accompanied by a map of its distribution. M&M : The new species here described was find during field work in the area between Puquina and Quinistaquillas, in the Department of Moquegua, in 2017. For its identification, fresh material collected in the field was compared with herbarium specimens, online in virtual repositories, along with published descriptions of the distribution of the genus Senecio in the arid zones of the Andean region. The species is illustrated with images taken in both stereoscopic and optic microscopes. Results : the studied specimens are classified a new species of Senecio, different from other species already known. A new species of Compositae, named Senecio huaynaputinaensis from the Department of Moquegua, in the Andean region of Southern Peru is described and illustrated. It differs from its closest relative Senecio yurensis Rusby by having a dense pubescence that covers the plant, phyllodes at the bases of the leaves, shorter capitula, involucres and bracts of the involucre, presence of trichomes at the pedicels of the ligules, oblong stamens, larger and elongated achenes covered by thickened trichomes, and shorter pappus. Conclusión : Senecio huaynaputinaensis is a new species to science, apparently restricted from southern Peru.

Resumen Introducción : Se describe una nueva especie botánica, Senecio huaynaputinaensis. Se discute su morfología comparada con especies relacionadas. Además, se presenta una descripción del hábitat, suelo y se brinda un mapa de distribución. M&M : La nueva especie aquí descrita fue encontrada durante las exploraciones realizadas entre Puquina y Quinistaquillas (departamento de Moquegua) en el año 2017. Para su identificación se comparó con materiales de herbario, de repositorios virtuales, con material fresco colectado en campo y se revisaron referencias bibliográficas sobre distribución del género Senecio en zonas áridas de la región de los Andes. La especie se ilustra mediante imágenes de lupa estereoscópica y microscopio óptico. Resultados : Como resultado se identifica que la entidad evaluada corresponde a una nueva especie de Senecio, diferente de las ya conocidas. Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Compositae, Senecio huaynaputinaensis, de la región andina del sur de Perú, departamento de Moquegua, la cual se diferencia de su pariente más cercano, Senecio yurensis Rusby por la densa pubescencia que cubre la planta, la presencia de filodios en la base de las hojas, por tener capítulo, involucro y brácteas del involucro de menor longitud, presencia de tricomas en los pedicelos de las lígulas, forma oblonga del estambre, aquenios alargados con textura cubierta por tricomas engrosados, y por los vilanos de menor longitud. Conclusión : Senecio huaynaputinaensis es una nueva especie para la ciencia, aparentemente restringida al sur de Perú.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as características das fases que compõem a evolução do conhecimento, como inovação, inovação social, inovação orientada para a sustentabilidade, sustentabilidade organizacional e capacidade absortiva, bem como suas correlações. Originalidade/valor: Fornece uma visão panorâmica do potencial da capacidade absortiva relacionando-a com inovação social, inovação orientada para a sustentabilidade e sustentabilidade organizacional. Aborda temas e conceitos relacionados que incorporam as estratégias para alcançar a sustentabilidade organizacional e quem vem ganhando cada vez mais importância e espaço entre essas discussões. Foram utilizadas três bases de dados para selecionar os artigos: Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO. Para fundamentar os principais conceitos, foram necessários referenciais teóricos de estudos científicos mais recentes que pudessem contribuir para o esclarecimento dos termos e das definições. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Foram utilizados trabalhos caracterizados por discussões mais amplas, o que é ideal para identificar e descrever o estado conceitual de determinado tema. Resultados: Por meio dos artigos pesquisados, exploraram-se as características da inovação, da inovação orientada para a sustentabilidade e da inovação social, as quais norteiam os valores da sociedade e influenciam as estratégias das organizações cada vez mais. Dessa forma, foi possível observar e compreender a capacidade absortiva como um instrumento fundamental para as estratégias que asseguram a sustentabilidade organizacional.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe the characteristics of the phases that make up the evolution of knowledge, such as, innovation, social innovation, inno vation oriented to sustainability, organizational sustainability and absorptive capacity, as well as their correlations. Originality/value: It provides a panoramic view of the potential of absorptive capacity relating it to social innovation, innovation oriented towards sustainability and organizational sustainability. It addresses related themes and concepts that incorporate strategies to achieve organizational sustainability and have been gaining more importance and space between these discussions. Three scientific databases were used to select the articles: Scopus, Web of Science and SciELO. Then, to support the main concepts, theoretical references from more recent scientific studies were needed, which could contribute to clarifying the terms and definitions. Design/methodology/approach: This is a narrative bibliographic review. Works characterized by broader discussions were used, ideal for identifying and describing the conceptual state of a specific theme. Findings: Through the researched articles, it was possible to explore the characteristics of innovation, innovation oriented towards sustainability, and social innovation, which guide the values of society and influence the strategies of organizations more and more, thus, observing and understanding the absorptive capacity as a fundamental instrument for the strategies that ensure organizational sustainability.

The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is an iconic species of South African megafauna. As the farmed buffalo population expands, the potential impacts on population health and disease transmission warrant investigation. A retrospective study of skin biopsy and necropsy samples from 429 animals was performed to assess the spectrum of conditions seen in buffaloes in South Africa. Determination of the cause of death (or euthanasia) could not be made in 33.1% (136/411) of the necropsy cases submitted due to autolysis or the absence of significant lesions in the samples submitted. Infectious and parasitic diseases accounted for 53.5% (147/275) of adult fatal cases and non-infectious conditions accounted for 34.9% (96/275). Abortions and neonatal deaths made up 11.6% (32/275) of necropsy cases. Rift Valley fever, bovine viral diarrhoea, malignant catarrhal fever, tuberculosis, bacterial pneumonia, anaesthetic deaths, cachexia and hepatotoxic lesions were the most common causes of death. The range of infectious, parasitic and non-infectious diseases to which African buffaloes were susceptible was largely similar to diseases in domestic cattle which supports concerns regarding disease transmission between the two species. The similarity between diseases experienced in both species will assist wildlife veterinarians in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in captive African buffaloes. The present study likely does not represent accurate disease prevalence data within the source population of buffaloes, and diseases such as anthrax, brucellosis and foot and mouth disease are under-represented in this study. Hepatic ductal plate abnormalities and haemorrhagic septicaemia have not, to our knowledge, been previously reported in African buffaloes.

ABSTRACT Land-use changes promote significant variations in streamflow regimes, and hydrological models allow studying their impacts. Based on this approach, this study aimed to assess the applicability of the SWAT model for different land-use scenarios and their respective impacts on the flow regime of the Mucuri River. The average monthly and daily water balance was generated after the calibration and validation of the SWAT model in the basin. Three land-use scenarios were analyzed in relation to the current land use, as follows: replacement of the agricultural area by the eucalyptus crop, replacement of the native forest area by the sugarcane crop, and replacement of pasture by exposed soil. The results showed that the SWAT model is adequate to simulate the land-use change and its impact on the flow regime of the Mucuri River; the replacement of agriculture by eucalyptus in the basin led to a decrease in the average and minimum reference streamflows; and the replacement of the forest cover by sugarcane and pasture by exposed soil provided an increase in the average and minimum reference streamflows.

Abstract This paper presents an efficient technique of microstrip magnetic dipoles design that explores the physics ruling the antenna behavior not restricting to parametric analyses in a full-wave simulation software. The proposed approach makes use of the cavity model whose parameters are progressively enhanced by using full-wave electromagnetic simulation data in a feedback scheme. A curve fitting problem is established to evaluate the mentioned parameters at each iteration. To exemplify the developed technique, a microstrip magnetic dipole operating at 2.44 GHz (ISM band) was synthesized and its prototype was manufactured and tested in an anechoic chamber. The design was ready in less than one hour and only three full-wave simulations were required. A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results was also observed.