Abstract Given escalating environmental concerns and stricter regulations, there’s a pressing need for sustainable materials. Eco-composites, which blend natural fibers with polymer matrices for reinforcement, are gaining traction. This study stands out by employing Australian royal palm stem fibers within a polystyrene matrix for eco-composites. The research involved assessing thermal stability, quantifying lignin/carbohydrate content, and measuring moisture levels. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to examine fiber structure. Results from evaluations of thermal and mechanical properties underscore the high-performance reinforcement potential of Australian royal palm fibers, suggesting their suitability for various eco-composite applications. Beyond meeting the demand for sustainable materials, this project introduces an innovative use of these fibers, broadening their potential applications and advocating for greener, socially responsible industry practices. regulations theres there s materials Ecocomposites, Ecocomposites Eco composites, composites Eco-composites traction ecocomposites. ecocomposites eco composites. eco-composites stability lignincarbohydrate lignin carbohydrate content levels structure highperformance high performance ecocomposite composite greener practices

Abstract Iron ore pellets are raw materials used by the iron and steel industries. In these applications, flotation process has been used for increasing the iron content. In this process, starch is normally used as a depressant and amine as a collector. The main objective of this study was to compare the starch with different alternatives of biopolymers. Such depressant was developed in the US Patent granted at number 9,421,556 named XMC. The best XMC produced in this work (XMC SB) shown iron content at tails fraction (RJ) and at concentrate fraction (CO) of 39.4% and 67.2%, respectively while starch shows 36.5% and 67.3%, respectively, at the same SiO2 level. Additionally, mass recovery was 63.3% and 65.0%, respectively for XMC SB and starch, and metallic recovery were 75.2% and 79.0%, respectively for XMC SB and starch. Therefore, the major advantage of XMC as iron ore depressant will be regard its sustainability.

RESUMO A busca por biomassas para uso como fontes alternativas de fibras, semelhantes a biomassa de Eucalyptus spp., possui grande valor e potencial para aplicação em escala comercial. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar os clones híbridos de Corymbia spp. desenvolvidos pela Aperam BioEnergia como potenciais substitutos da madeira de eucalipto na indústria de polpa celulósica. Ao realizar a polpação kraft modificada e análises de caracterização química, foi possível comparar a biomassa de Eucalyptus spp. com a de Corymbia spp. As comparações foram feitas analisando o incremento médio anual de celulose (IMACel) e consumo específico de madeira (CEMad), estimados usando um número kappa de 19 ± 1. Os resultados mostraram que um dos clones híbridos (Corymbia citriodora × Corymbia torelliana - ID 4) apresentou maior densidade básica, maior rendimento depurado, melhor IMACel#k19 e menor CEMad do que as outras amostras. O clone ID 4 demonstrou menor valor de CEMad pois, simultaneamente, apresentou maior valor de densidade básica e rendimento depurado. Consequentemente, de acordo com seus melhores resultados, o clone ID 4 obteve a pontuação mais alta, calculada pela razão IMACEL/CEMad. Este material genético também apresentou um dos menores teores de lignina total, resultando em um maior rendimento depurado. Além disso, o clone ID 4 apresentou teor de xilana significativamente maior dentre as amostras de madeira avaliadas neste trabalho. Dessa forma, o ID 4, foi o mais bem classificado, provando ser uma excelente alternativa de alto desempenho para parâmetros de interface floresta-indústria

ABSTRACT The search for novel biomasses for uses as alternative fiber sources, similar to Eucalyptus spp. biomass, holds great value and potential for commercial-scale application. This study aims to present the hybrid clones of Corymbia spp. developed by Aperam BioEnergia as potential substitutes for Eucalyptus wood in the market pulp industry. By performing modified kraft pulping and chemical characterization analyses, it was possible to compare the biomass of Eucalyptus spp. with that of Corymbia spp. Comparisons were made by analyzing their respective pulp average growth rate (PAGR) and specific wood consumption (SWC), estimated using a kappa number of 19 ± 1. The results showed that one of the hybrid clones (Corymbia citriodora × Corymbia torelliana - ID 4) had highest PAGR#k19, and lowest SWC than other samples. Clone ID 4 showed lowest value of SWC since, simultaneously presented a higher value of wood basic density and screened yield. Consequently, in agreement with its best results, clone ID 4 had the highest-ranking score, calculated as the PAGR/SWC ratio. This genetic material also showed one of the lowest total lignin content, consequently the highest screening yield. Besides Clone ID 4 showed significantly highest xylan content, among wood samples assessed in this work. For that reason, the ID 4 was the highest-ranked, proving to be an excellent high-performance alternative for forest-industry interface parameters.

Brazil has the world's largest ethanol production from sugarcane, but bacterial contamination decreases the ethanol yields. It was shown that the biocide DesinFixTM 135 can reduce the contamination without decreasing the yeasts' viability or negatively affecting the ethanol production.