Abstract Dissolution tests evaluate the release of therapeutic agents in various dosage forms, acting as quality control tools to secure batch–batch equivalence and guides for formulation development and in vivo drug bioavailability prediction for pharmaceutical scientists. In this article, dissolution tests described in the Brazilian Pharmacopeia 6th ed. were systematically reviewed using the following descriptors: drug, dosage forms, apparatus, rotational speed, dissolution media, sampling time, quantitative procedure, and the value of Q . Test conditions were compared with those described in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) dissolution database. In September, 2023, dissolution tests were required for 127 monographs, accounting for only 10% of those listed in the USP database. Paddles were used in 80 monographs (63.5%) at various rotation speeds. Basket apparatus was recommended for 47 products, including tablets, capsules, and gastro-resistant granules with variable speed ranges. The simulated gastric fluid was described in four monographs. Moreover, pH of the dissolution media for 29 products was adjusted in the physiological range of 2–7.5. Twenty-eight monographs are exclusively listed in the Brazilian Pharmacopeia. Among the 99 products listed in both compendiums, dissolution tests were only harmonized for 69 monographs. forms batchbatch batch scientists article th ed descriptors time procedure (USP database September 2023 12 10 8 63.5% 635 63 5 (63.5% speeds 4 tablets capsules gastroresistant gastro resistant ranges Moreover 2 275 7 2–7.5 Twentyeight Twenty eight 9 compendiums 6 202 1 63.5 (63.5 27 2–7. 20 63. (63. 2–7 (63 2– (6 (

Abstract The treatment of epilepsy is complex and a matter of concern is the interchangeability among different formulations available for antiepileptic drugs. To evaluate the effects of interchangeability among carbamazepine formulations on patients with epilepsy. This is a prospective cohort study that included adult outpatients diagnosed with epilepsy and under pharmacological treatment with carbamazepine. Before switching the brand/manufacturer, the “Interchangeable Pharmaceutical Product in the Treatment of Epilepsies” questionnaire was applied. The questionnaires “Adverse Events Profile” and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31, so as the plasma carbamazepine concentrations, were evaluated before and after the brand/ manufacturer switch. Physical-chemical tests aiming to assess tablets quality were performed in accordance with the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia 5th edition. The study population was composed by 14 patients (mean age: 44.6 years), with 10 of females. From those interviewed, 10 had no knowledge about the three antiepileptic drugs formulations available. The frequency of adverse event “problems with skin” incresead (p=0.023) and “upset stomach” decreased (p=0.041) after the changeover. The adverse events profile was associated with only two quality of life domains: “energy/fatigue” (p=0.048) and “total score” (p=0.018). Divergent results between generic and reference formulations were observed in purity-water test (reference: 1.96%, generic: 4.84%) and dissolution test, in which the generic formulation presented 66.27 to 85.77% of carbamazepine dissolved after the third level. Conclusions: Objective differences before and after the brand/manufacturer switch were not observed, in spite of patients’ perceptions. Despite that, more studies in the field are necessary, especially on the interchangeability among generic antiepileptics, in order to better elucidate switching consequences on patients’ life.

Abstract Background: The resistance against antimalarial drugs represents a global challenge in the fight and control of malaria. The Brazilian biodiversity can be an important tool for research and development of new medicinal products. In this context, toxinology is a multidisciplinary approach on the development of new drugs, including the isolation, purification, and evaluation of the pharmacological activities of natural toxins. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, as well as the antimalarial activity in silico and in vitro of four compounds isolated from Rhinella marina venom as potential oral drug prototypes. Methods: Four compounds were challenged against 35 target proteins from P. falciparum and screened to evaluate their physicochemical properties using docking assay in Brazilian Malaria Molecular Targets (BraMMT) software and in silico assay in OCTOPUS® software. The in vitro antimalarial activity of the compounds against the 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum clones were assessed using the SYBR Green I based assay (IC50). For the cytotoxic tests, the LD50 was determined in human pulmonary fibroblast cell line using the [3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. Results: All compounds presented a ligand-receptor interaction with ten Plasmodium falciparum-related protein targets, as well as antimalarial activity against chloroquine resistant strain (IC50 = 3.44 μM to 19.11 μM). Three of them (dehydrobufotenine, marinobufagin, and bufalin) showed adequate conditions for oral drug prototypes, with satisfactory prediction of absorption, permeability, and absence of toxicity. In the cell viability assay, only dehydrobufotenin was selective for the parasite. Conclusions: Dehydrobufotenin revealed to be a potential oral drug prototype presenting adequate antimalarial activity and absence of cytotoxicity, therefore should be subjected to further studies.