Abstract Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of malaria, causing anemia, respiratory complications, and cerebral malaria. To mitigate oxidative stress, we investigated the effect of nutritional supplementation whit lycopene (LYC) on the evolution of parasitemia and survival rate in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (Pb), comparing to the effects promoted by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Therefore, 175 mice were randomly distributed into 4 groups; Sham: untreated and uninfected animals; Pb: animals infected with Pb; LYC+Pb: animals treated with LYC and infected with Pb; NAC+Pb: animals treated with NAC and infected with Pb. The animals were followed for 12 days after infection, and survival and parasitemia rates were evaluated. There was a 40.1% increase in parasitemia in the animals of the Pb group on the 12th day, and a survival rate of 45%. LYC supplementation slowed the development of parasitemia to 19% and promoted a significative increase in the survival rate of 80% on the 12th day after infection, compared to the Pb group, effects superior to those promoted by NAC, providing strong evidence of the beneficial effect of LYC on in vivo malaria and stressing the importance of antioxidant supplementation in the treatment of this disease. anemia complications (LYC Pb, , (Pb) Nacetylcysteine N acetylcysteine NAC. . (NAC) Therefore 17 groups Sham LYC+Pb LYCPb NAC+Pb NACPb 1 infection evaluated 401 40 40.1 th 45 45% 19 80 disease (Pb (NAC 40. 8

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prescritibilidade (eficácia terapêutica e biosegurança) da Ciclosporina microemulsão genérica. MÉTODO: Casuística: 20 transplantados cardíacos, sendo 13 homens e sete mulheres, com idade média de 49,62 anos, iniciaram o tratamento tríplice imunossupressor, com Ciclosporina microemulsão genérica ou Sigmasporin Microral®. A condição para inclusão era ter um seguimento mínimo de três meses. Procedimentos: avaliação clínica, biópsias endomiocárdicas, dosagem de ciclosporina, exames de rotina de bioquímica e hematologia. RESULTADOS: O período de observação médio foi de 10 meses e máximo de 16 meses. Foram avaliadas 151 biópsias, sendo 31,7% - grau 0, 43,7% - Ia e 23,1% - Ib. Obtivemos uma rejeição clínica confirmada com biópsia III a e uma mediastinite, ambas com boa evolução. A ciclosporinemia média foi de 303 ng/ml. A evolução destes pacientes transcorreu sem outros problemas. CONCLUSÃO: A Ciclosporina microemulsão genérica demonstrou excelente eficácia terapêutica e biosegurança, sendo portanto considerada prescritível.

OBJECT: This paper aims to define the prescribility (therapeutic efficacy and bio-safety) of generic microemulsion Cyclosporin (Sigmasporin Microral®). METHOD: Casuistic: Twenty heart transplantation patients, 13 males and 7 females, with a mean age of 49.6 years, began immunosuppression treatment with generic microemulsion cyclosporin (Sigmasporin Microral®). They underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation during a minimum of three months. Procedures included clinic evaluation with electro and echocardiogram, endomyocardial biopsy, routine biochemical and hematological tests. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 10 months with a maximum of 16 months. A total of 151 endomyocardial biopsies were evaluated: 31.7% were degree 0, 43.7% 1a and 23.1% 1b. We had only one case of acute clinical rejection confirmed by biopsy as IIIa, and one patient with mediastinitis, both of whom had a good evolution. The mean cyclosporin blood level was 303 Ng/mL. All other parameters also showed a good evolution. CONCLUSION: Generic microemulsion cyclosporin (Sigmasporin Microral®) shows therapeutic efficacy and an excellent bio-safety profile. Its Prescribility is confirmed.

A técnica de Imunocitomonitorização (CIM - Cytologrcal and Immunologic Monitoring), fundamenta-se na avaliação de mudanças nas subpopulações de linfócitos e seus precursores celulares, durante o processo rejeição aguda. O método avalia a ativação precoce pela contagem do número de: linfócitos ativados, linfoblastos e prolinfócitos (aqui chamados em conjunto de linfócitos ativos), quando esses se apresentam acima do limite superior normal. Utilizamos essa técnica para seguimento e controle da atividade da imunologia celular em 9 pacientes transplantados cardíacos. Também foram submetidos ao CIM para verificar a faixa de normalidade de ativação linfocítica 20 voluntários normais e cinco pacientes candidatos ao transplante cardíaco. Ambos os grupos não tinham antecedentes de quadro de infecção ou alteração imunológica. Para obtenção do controle positivo, testamos 10 pacientes com infecção bacteriana ou virai, previamente diagnosticados por exames bacterianos e/ou sorológicos. Foram observados valores de 1,8% de linfócitos ativos nos indivíduos normais e 3,2% nos candidatos ao transplante cardíaco. Dos 63 testes realizados nos transplantados cardíacos, quatro deles se mostraram positivos, onde três desses tratavam-se de casos de infecção e um confirmado como processo de rejeição aguda em evolução. O tempo médio necessário para a realização da CIM foi de aproximadamente duas horas. A técnica utiliza mostrou-se valiosa no reconhecimento imunológico dos pacientes transplantados cardíacos, pela sua sensibilidade diagnostica, baixo custo e rapidez.

The immunocytomonitorization technique (CIM - Cytological and Immunologic Monitoring) is based on assessment of changes in the subpopulations of lyphocyte and their precursor cells, while under the acute rejection. The method assesses the precocious activation by counting the number of the lymphocytes normal and actives, lymphoblasts and prolymphocytes (here we state in terms of a set of active lymphocytes). The technique was applied to follow-up and control of activity of cellular immunology in nine patients submitted to cardiac transplantation, twenty normal volunteers, and five patients candidates to cardiac transplantation. We also submitted to the CIM test, in order to obtain the normal range of lymphocytic activity in the brazilian population. Both groups had not antecedents, either infectious or immunological, chronic or acute pictures. Ten patients with acute bacteriological or viral infection had been tested as a positive control. In normal individuals, we found 1,8% (+/- 1.088) of active lymphocytes and 3,2% (+/0,49) in candidates for cardiac transplantation. In our experience, values above are indicators of an immunological reactivity related to infection or rejection. Out of the 63 tests performed to the cardiac transplanted patients, four of them were positive, three cases related to infectious complications and one was confirmed as a process of acute graft rejection in progress. The mean time for the CIM execution was about two hours. The method was successful for the immunological diagnosis in transplanted cardiacs, due to its sensibility, low costs and promptness of results.