Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for annual respiratory infection outbreaks in infants and young children worldwide, frequently causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We evaluated clinical and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children less than five years old. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples from children with ARI symptoms, attended at the 'Hospital das Clínicas' - Federal University of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil, were collected and tested for RSV by the immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Patients' clinical and epidemiological data were also obtained. From April 2000 to June 2003, 317 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children less than 54 months old. Seventy-six samples (24.0%) were positive for RSV, with 53% (40/76) obtained from male patients. Hospitalization occurred in 50% (38/76) of the cases, with an average period of 10.6 days, in most cases (87%, 33/38) occurring in children less than 12 months of age. Although an association between this age group and the presentation of more severe clinical symptoms was observed, such as bronchiolitis in 51% (27/53) of the patients and pneumonia in 19% (10/53), no patients died. RSV was found from February to August, with the highest incidence in May. Conclusions: RSV is an important agent that causes ARIs; the clinical manifestations varied from mild to severe and patients frequently required hospitalization; RSV mostly affected children less than one year old.

A colony of Synthesiomyia nudiseta (WULP, 1883) was established in the laboratory to obtain eggs, larvae and puparium, to determine the period of development and viability at constant temperature with RH above 75% and photoperiod of 12 h. The viability of development cicle was 48.68%. Incubation period was 21.17 h, larvae development 25.97; 48.08 and 233.65 h for the first, second and feeding phase of third instars, respectively. The development period of postfeeding larva, prepupa and pupa development was 322.26 h.

Determinou-se a importância epidemiológica de dípteros Fanniidae na infestação de mosca-do-berne, por meio da identificação das espécies presentes, da determinação daquelas utilizadas por Dermatobia hominis na veiculação de seus ovos, bem como, pelo conhecimento da dinâmica populacional das espécies mais abundantes. Foram utilizadas cinco armadilhas iscadas com fígado bovino cru deteriorado e colocadas em uma mata ciliar margeada por uma área de pastagem com presença constante de bovinos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma área da Embrapa Gado de Corte, em Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil, localizada a 20º27'S e 54º37'W. A captura dos insetos foi realizada semanalmente durante o período de 09/08/1999 a 03/08/2000. Foi capturado um total de 40.629 moscas da família Fanniidae, pertencendo a cinco espécies do gênero Fannia: F. pusio, F. heydenii, F. bahiensis e F. longipila, e uma a ser identificada. A espécie mais freqüente foi F. pusio, com 63,20% do total capturado, seguida de F. heydenii, com 28,82%. Somente 0,44% do total de fêmeas de F. heydenii (45 exemplares) capturadas, principalmente nos meses de agosto e setembro, portavam ovos de D. hominis e o número médio, por indivíduo, foi de 15,98±7,13. Observaram-se ovos de D. hominis apenas na região abdominal dos vetores. F. heydenii predominou no período seco (maio a setembro) e início do período chuvoso do ano (outubro e novembro). O número de exemplares portando ovos de D. hominis foi maior no final do período seco do ano, o que explica a alta incidência deste parasito em bovinos nos meses de setembro e outubro.

This study was undertaken to determine the epidemiological importance of fanniid flies on warble fly infestations. The local species of Fanniidae as well as those utilized by Dermatobia hominis to carry its eggs were identified, and the population dynamics of the most abundant species were studied. In order to accomplish this task, five traps with rotten bovine liver as bait were used. These traps were settled into a ciliate forest bordered by pastures and grazed continuously by cattle. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Gado de Corte, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, situated at 20º27'S and 54º37'W. The capture of the insects was done weekly, from August 9, 1999 to August 3, 2000. A total of 40,629 fanniid flies which belonged to five different species of the genera Fannia were captured: F. pusio, F. heydenii, F. bahiensis and F. longipila, and one species which needs further identification. The most frequent species was F. pusio, with 63.20% of the total captured flies, followed by F. heydenii with 28.82%. Eggs of D. hominis were observed only on 0.44% (45 specimens) of the F. heydenii females captured, mainly on the ones captured in August and September. The average number for D. hominis eggs, per specimen, was 15.98±7.13. The only vector body region, where the eggs of D. hominis were found, was the abdomen. F. heydenii predominated during the dry season (May to September) and at the beginning of the rainy season (October and November). The number of specimens bearing eggs of D. hominis was greater at the end of the annual dry season, what explains the high incidence of this parasite in cattle during September and October.