ABSTRACT Gigantomastia is a rare disease defined by an extreme and rapid enlargement of the breast, generally bilateral. The majority of cases are reported in pregnant women. Ninety-eight cases of gestational gigantomastia have been identified in electronic databases, and those with fatal outcomes comprised only 2 cases (2%). Despite its benign nature, it can lead to severe complications and even death. Its etiology has not been fully elucidated, but it has been speculated that a hormonal component may play a role in the pathogenesis. Currently, treatment options are limited, and surgery is gaining importance, but it is often not feasible in low-resource settings. Herein, we describe a case of a 30-year-old HIV-positive female with no relevant past medical history, who died due to the complications of gestational gigantomastia at the Maputo Central Hospital, in Mozambique.

Objectivos: Correlacionar o padrão endoscópico e os achados histopatológicos, em relação com a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori (H.p) em doentes dispépticos na Unidade de Endoscopia Digestiva do Hospital Central de Maputo (HCM). Métodos : Estudo prospectivo, de Agosto de 2005 a Abril de 2008, abrangendo 310 doentes que foram submetidos a endoscopia digestiva alta, por quadro de dispepsia, e colhidas biópsias do antro, da incisura angularis e do corpo gástrico, tendo sido usada a classificação histopatológica do método modificado de Sydney. Resultados : Dos 310 pacientes, 193 (62,3%) eram do sexo feminino. A idade média dos doentes foi de 34 anos (mediana de 34 anos, desvio padrão de 10 anos). Quanto ao diagnóstico endoscópico, a pangastropatia eritematosa foi o mais frequente correspondendo a 51,3% (159/310), tendo-se detectado a presenca do H.p em 51,2% (107/209). O exame normal foi o segundo diagnóstico endoscópico em 16,8% (52/310), sendo identificado a presença de H.p em 17,7% (37/209). Em 64,5% (138/214) foi diagnosticado pangastrite crónica e gastrite crónica com predomínio antral, tendo-se identificado a presença do H.pilory em 84% do total dos diagnósticos histopatológicos supracitados (138/165). Conclusões: 1. Este estudo demonstra não existir uma correlação entre o padrão endoscópico e a infecção pelo H.p (p = 0,589). 2. Existe uma correlacção com significância estatística entre os achados histo-patológicos da pangastrite e da gastrite crónica com predomínio antral e a infecção por H.p (p = 0,000).

Objectives: To relate endoscopic and the histopathological patterns associated with Helicobacter pylari (H.p.) infection in dyspeptic patients in the Digestive Endoscopy Unit of the Maputo Central Hospital (HCM). Method: A prospective study, from August 2005 to April 2008, targeting 310 dyspeptic patients who underwent upper digestive endoscopy. Samples were collected from the antrum, incisura angularis and body of the stomach. The histopathological classification was based on the Sydney modified procedure. Results: 193 (62.3%) of the 310 patients were females. The mean age was 34 years (median: 34 years; SD: 10 years). Erythematous antrum gastropathy was the most common endoscopic diagnosis, with 159 patients (or 51.3%) out of 310. Normal endoscopy was the second diagnosis reported in 16.8% (52/310), and the presence of H.p. was seen in 51.2% (107/209) and 17.7% (37/209) of the patients with the aforementioned conditions, respectively. 64.5 % (138/214) had a histopathological diagnosis of chronic pangastritis and predominantly antrum chronic gastritis. Of the total of the above histopathological diagnosis in 84 % (138/165) had detected H.p. Conclusions: 1. This study shows no correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and the endoscopic diagnosis (p = 0.589). 2. There is a significant correlation between a histopathological diagnosis of chronic pangastritis and predominantly antrum chronic gastritis and the presence of H.p (p = 0.000).