Resumen Objetivos: evaluar la asociación entre la edad materna y la presencia de infecciones respiratorias agudas (IRAs) y enfermedades diarreicas agudas (EDAs) en niños peruanos menores de cinco años. Métodos: análisis secundario de la base de datos de la “Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar” de 2015 y 2019. Se analizaron datos de niños menores de cinco años y sus madres en edad reproductiva que viven en el mismo hogar. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión de Poisson para calcular razones de prevalencia ajustadas (RPa) con sus intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) para evaluar la asociación entre el grupo de edad de las madres y la presencia de IRAs y EDAs en sus hijos. Resultados: se analizaron 84,671 datos madre/hijo. En el modelo de regresión ajustado, ser madre joven (RPa= 1,18; IC95%= 1,11-1,25; p<0,001) o adolescente (RPa= 1,11; IC95%= 1,01-1,22; p=0,045) se asoció con una mayor prevalencia de IRAs en sus hijos. Además, ser madre joven (RPa= 1,18; IC95%= 1,11-1,25; p<0,001) o adolescente RPa= 1,22; IC95%= 1,10-1,35; p<0,001 también se asoció con una mayor prevalencia de EDAs en sus hijos. Conclusiones: la edad de las madres se asoció con la prevalencia de IRAs y EDAs en niños peruanos menores de cinco años, siendo las madres adolescentes y jóvenes las que presentaron mayor probabilidad de IRAs y EDAs. Objetivos (IRAs (EDAs Métodos Encuesta Familiar 201 2019 hogar RPa (RPa 95 IC95% IC95 IC (IC95% hijos Resultados 84671 84 671 84,67 madrehijo hijo madre/hijo ajustado 1,18 118 1 18 1,111,25 111125 1,11 1,25 11 25 1,11-1,25 p0001 p 0 001 111 1,011,22 101122 1,01 1,22 01 22 1,01-1,22 p=0,045 p0045 045 Además 122 1,101,35 110135 1,10 1,35 10 35 1,10-1,35 p<0,00 Conclusiones 20 9 IC9 (IC95 8467 8 67 84,6 1,1 1,111,2 11112 125 1,2 2 1,11-1,2 p000 00 011 1,011,2 10112 101 1,0 1,01-1,2 p=0,04 p004 04 12 1,101,3 11013 110 135 1,3 3 1,10-1,3 p<0,0 (IC9 846 6 84, 1, 1,111, 1111 1,11-1, p00 1,011, 1011 1,01-1, p=0,0 1,101, 1101 13 1,10-1, p<0, (IC 1,111 1,11-1 p0 1,011 1,01-1 p=0, 1,101 1,10-1 p<0 1,11- 1,01- p=0 1,10- p< p=

Abstract Objectives: to assess the association between mothers age and the presence of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and acute diarrhea (AD) in Peruvian children under five years old. Methods: secondary analysis of the database of the “Demographic and Family Health Survey” of 2015 and 2019. We analyzed data from children under five and their reproductive-age mothers who live in the same household. Poisson regression models were used to generate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) to assess the association between mothers’ age group and the presence of ARIs and AD in their children. Results: 84,671 mother/child data were analyzed. In the adjusted regression model, being a young mother (aPR= 1.18; 95%CI= 1.11-1.25; p<0.001) or an teenage (aPR= 1.11; 95%CI= 1.01-1.22; p=0.045) were associated with a higher prevalence of ARIs in their children. In addition, being a young mother a teenage (aPR= 1.18; 95%CI= 1.11-1.25; p<0.001) or a teenage (aPR= 1.22; 95%CI= 1.10-1.35; p<0.001) were also associated with a higher prevalence of AD cases in their children. Conclusions: mothers’ age was found to be associated with the prevalence of ARIs and AD in Peruvian children under five, with teenagers and young mothers having the greatest probability of ARIs and AD. Objectives (ARIs (AD old Methods Demographic Survey 201 2019 reproductiveage reproductive household aPR (aPR 95 95%CI 95CI CI (95%CI Results 84671 84 671 84,67 motherchild child model aPR= 1.18 118 1 18 1.111.25 111125 1.11 1.25 11 25 1.11-1.25 p<0.001 p0001 p 0 001 111 1.011.22 101122 1.01 1.22 01 22 1.01-1.22 p=0.045 p0045 045 addition 122 1.101.35 110135 1.10 1.35 10 35 1.10-1.35 Conclusions 20 9 8467 8 67 84,6 1.1 1.111.2 11112 125 1.2 2 1.11-1.2 p<0.00 p000 00 011 1.011.2 10112 101 1.0 1.01-1.2 p=0.04 p004 04 12 1.101.3 11013 110 135 1.3 3 1.10-1.3 846 6 84, 1. 1.111. 1111 1.11-1. p<0.0 p00 1.011. 1011 1.01-1. p=0.0 1.101. 1101 13 1.10-1. 1.111 1.11-1 p<0. p0 1.011 1.01-1 p=0. 1.101 1.10-1 1.11- p<0 1.01- p=0 1.10- p< p=

We aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with parents’ non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19 in Colombia and Peru. We performed a secondary analysis using a database generated by the University of Maryland and Facebook (Facebook, Inc). We included adult (18 and over) Facebook users residing in LAC who responded to the survey between May 20, and November 5, 2021. We included sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, mental health, economic and food insecurity, compliance with mitigation strategies against COVID-19, and practices related to vaccination against this disease. We estimated crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios with their respective 95%CI. We analyzed a sample of 44,678 adults from Colombia and 24,302 from Peru. The prevalence of parents' non-intention to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19 was 7.41% (n=3,274) for Colombia and 6.64% (n=1,464) for Peru. In Colombia, age above 35 years old, compliance with physical distancing, use of masks, having economic insecurity, anxiety symptoms, having a chronic condition or more comorbidities, and being vaccinated were associated with a lower prevalence of non-intention to vaccinate children and adolescents against COVID-19. In Peru, gender, compliance with physical distancing, use of masks, having economic insecurity, anxiety symptoms, having a chronic condition or more comorbidities, having had COVID-19, and being vaccinated were associated with a higher probability of vaccinating children against COVID-19. Living in a town, a village, or a rural area was associated with a higher prevalence of non-intention to vaccinate children and adolescents against COVID-19. About 9 out of 10 parents in Colombia and Peru intend to vaccinate their children and adolescents against COVID-19. This intention is associated with some factors which are similar between the two countries, as well as other factors and variations among the different regions of each country.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Neonatal hypoglycemia is the most common and early metabolic disorder of the newborn, which can cause everything from transient irritability to states of seizure, apnea and death. The objective was to determine the risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in term newborns in a public hospital in northern Peru by creating a predictive model using logistic regression. Material and methods: The study presented a 1:1 paired case-control design, with a sample of 58 cases and 58 controls, based on the presence or absence of neonatal hypoglycemia. Maternal and neonatal variables were analyzed: gestational age, weight of the newborn, sex of the newborn, type of delivery, use of steroids, induction of labor, being the child of a diabetic mother, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), mother with pre-birth hydroelectrolytic disorder, meconium aspiration syndrome, and perinatal stress. Results: In multivariate analysis, child born to a diabetic mother was observed to be a risk factor for the development of neonatal hypoglycemia (OR 4.08, 95% CI 1.31-14.18, p=0.02). Conclusion: There is a significant association between being a child of a diabetic mother and developing neonatal hypoglycemia.

RESUMEN Introducción: La hipoglucemia neonatal es el trastorno metabólico más frecuente y precoz del recién nacido, que puede causar desde irritabilidad transitoria hasta estados de convulsión, apnea y muerte. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a hipoglucemia en neonatos a término en un hospital público del norte del Perú mediante la creación de un modelo predictivo utilizando regresión logística. Materiales y Materiales y métodos: El estudio presentó un diseño de casos y controles pareado por sexo 1:1, con una muestra de 58 casos y 58 controles, según la presencia o no de hipoglucemia neonatal. Se analizaron variables maternas y neonatales: edad gestacional, peso del recién nacido, sexo del recién nacido, tipo de parto, uso de corticoides, inducción del parto, ser hijo de madre diabética, retraso en el crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU), madre con trastorno hidroelectrolítico previo al parto, síndrome de aspiración meconial y estrés perinatal. Resultados: En el análisis multivariado, se observó que el ser hijo de madre diabética es un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de hipoglucemia neonatal (OR 4.08, IC95% 1.31-14.18, p=0.02). Conclusión: Existe una asociación significativa entre ser hijo de madre diabética y desarrollar hipoglucemia neonatal.