Resumo As regiões tradicionais de produção de pêssego apresentam frio adequado para a quebra de dormência das gemas de forma satisfatória, nas cultivares localmente desenvolvidas. No entanto, considerando a expansão dos pomares em áreas peachde inverno ameno e as tendências globais esperadas para condições mais quentes, o desenvolvimento local de cultivares tornou-se relevante. Com base nisso, este estudo propôs-se a avaliar o desempenho de 33 cultivares e seleções de pessegueiro e nectarineiraem clima de inverno ameno. Características associadas ao desenvolvimento vegetativo,fenologia, produtividade e características dos frutos foram medidas em nove safras; e os dados, analisados por análise de variância multivariada. Foram observadas correlaçõessignificativas entre as características. Os testes de Pillai e F apresentaram resultadossignificativos, destacando a presença de diferenças entre cultivares para quase todas as características.Os genótipos de pessegueiro e de nectarineira apresentaram diversidade genética que pode ser acessada para uso como cultivares, ou parentais para cruzamentos. As cultivares ‘IACAurora 1’, ‘IAC Aurora 2’, ‘IAC Centenário’, ‘IAC Douradão’, ‘IAC Jóia4’, ‘IACOuromel 3’, ‘IAC Régis’,‘Diamante’, ‘Eldorado’, ‘FlordaPrince’, ‘Premier’ e ‘Tropic Beauty’apresentaram os melhores resultados. Um grande número de seleções apresentou resultados promissores, destacando-`se ‘IAC 680-177’, ‘IAC 1085-27’, ‘IAC 785-9’, ‘IAC 2982-31’, ‘IAC 4682-45’ e‘IAC 6882-84’. satisfatória desenvolvidas entanto quentes tornouse tornou se relevante nisso propôsse propôs 3 vegetativofenologia vegetativo fenologia vegetativo,fenologia safras dados multivariada resultadossignificativos característicasOs cruzamentos IACAurora 1, 1 , 1’ IAC 2, 2 2’ Centenário, Centenário Centenário’ Douradão, Douradão Douradão’ Jóia4, Jóia4 Jóia Jóia4’ IACOuromel 3, 3’ Régis,‘Diamante, RégisDiamante Régis ,‘Diamante Diamante Régis’,‘Diamante’ ‘Eldorado, Eldorado ‘Eldorado ‘Eldorado’ ‘FlordaPrince, FlordaPrince ‘FlordaPrince ‘FlordaPrince’ ‘Premier Premier Tropic Beautyapresentaram Beauty promissores destacando`se destacandose `se 680177, 680177 680 177 680-177’ 108527, 108527 1085 27 1085-27’ 7859, 7859 785 9 785-9’ 298231, 298231 2982 31 2982-31’ 468245 4682 45 4682-45 eIAC 688284. 688284 6882 84 . 6882-84’ Régis,‘Diamante Régis’,‘Diamante 68017 68 17 680-177 10852 108 1085-27 78 785-9 29823 298 2982-31 46824 468 4 4682-4 68828 688 8 6882-84 6801 6 680-17 10 1085-2 7 785- 29 2982-3 46 4682- 6882-8 680-1 1085- 2982- 6882- 680-

Abstract Traditional peach production regions provide adequate chill for satisfactorily bud’s flower break dormancy, in cultivars there developed. However, considering the expansion of the orchards in mild winter areas and the expected global trends to warmer conditions, the local development of cultivars became relevant. Based on this background, this study proposed to evaluate the performance of 33 peach and nectarine cultivars and selections in mild winter climate. Features associated to the vegetative development, phenology, productivity and fruit characteristics were measured in nine seasons, and the data analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. Significant correlations between features were remarked. The Pillai and F tests presented significant results, highlighting significant differences among cultivars for almost all features. Peach and nectarine genotypes showed genetic diversity that may be accessed for use as cultivars, or parental for crosses. ‘IAC Aurora 1’, ‘IAC Aurora 2’, ‘IAC Centenário’, ‘IAC Douradão’, ‘IAC Jóia4’, ‘IAC Ouromel 3’, ‘IAC Régis’, ‘Diamante’, ‘Eldorado’, ‘FlordaPrince’, ‘Premier’ and ‘Tropic Beauty’ were the cultivars with the best results. A large number of selections showed promising results, emphasizing, the ‘IAC 680-177’, ‘IAC 1085-27’, ‘IAC 785-9’, ‘IAC 2982-31’, ‘IAC 4682-45’and ‘IAC 6882-84’. buds bud s dormancy developed However conditions relevant background 3 climate phenology seasons variance remarked results crosses IAC 1, 1 , 1’ 2, 2 2’ Centenário, Centenário Centenário’ Douradão, Douradão Douradão’ Jóia4, Jóia4 Jóia Jóia4’ 3, 3’ Régis, Régis Régis’ ‘Diamante, Diamante ‘Diamante ‘Diamante’ ‘Eldorado, Eldorado ‘Eldorado ‘Eldorado’ ‘FlordaPrince, FlordaPrince ‘FlordaPrince ‘FlordaPrince’ ‘Premier Premier Tropic Beauty emphasizing 680177, 680177 680 177 680-177’ 108527, 108527 1085 27 1085-27’ 7859, 7859 785 9 785-9’ 298231, 298231 2982 31 2982-31’ 468245and 4682 45 688284. 688284 6882 84 . 6882-84’ 68017 68 17 680-177 10852 108 1085-27 78 785-9 29823 298 2982-31 468 4 68828 688 8 6882-84 6801 6 680-17 10 1085-2 7 785- 29 2982-3 46 6882-8 680-1 1085- 2982- 6882- 680-

ABSTRACT. Evaluation of combined ability can eliminate lines that are inefficient and enable the subsequent program steps to be more successful. The objective of this study was to predict the general (gi) and specific (sij) combination ability of popcorn S1 progenies for early selection. A total of 288 topcrosses were performed under a randomized complete block design with two replicates at two sites (Campinas and Capão Bonito, São Paulo State, Brazil). Diallel analyses were performed using mixed models and the maximum likelihood restricted/best unbiased linear prediction method. Evaluated traits included grain yield (GY; kg ha-1), weight of 100 grains (g), and popping expansion (PE; mL g-1). Ear components were also evaluated, including ear length, ear diameter (cm), and the number of grain rows (unit). The S1 progeny 32 presented the highest gi for GY in Campinas, whereas progeny 46 presented the highest gi for GY in Capão Bonito. The S1 progeny, 114 was an important parent for the popcorn breeding program, because it presented high gi for the traits of agronomic interest at both sites. Combination 86×IAC12 exhibited a high sij, and the 86 parent presented the second-highest gi for PE in Campinas, and it should be used for high PE genotypes.

In the state of São Paulo, common bean is an important crop and the Agronomic Institute (Instituto Agronômico - IAC) registered the "carioca" (beige with brown stripes) bean cultivar IAC Imperador in the MAPA/RNC, exhibiting mean yield of 2,266 kg/ha in the 17 environments evaluated, a 75-day cycle, resistance to soil diseases and high quality seeds.