Nesta pesquisa avaliaram-se os efeitos de diferentes níveis de inclusão da torta de macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) sobre a população de protozoários do rúmen de caprinos. Foram utilizados oito cabritos machos castrados, sem raça definida, portadores de fístulas ruminais, dispostos em dois quadrados latinos e alimentados com quatro dietas com diferentes níveis da torta. Para quantificação dos protozoários, amostras de 1 mL do líquido ruminal de cada animal foram diluídas em 9 mL de solução de formaldeído a 10%. Após diluições decimais sucessivas em solução salina, os protozoários foram quantificados em câmara de Sedgewick. A inclusão de torta de macaúba no nível de 5% da dieta não alterou a concentração média dos protozoários no líquido ruminal em comparação ao grupo controle (0% de inclusão). As dietas com 10 e 15% de torta promoveram aumento significativo da concentração média de protozoários e não reduziram a concentração de protozoários dos outros grupos. O perfil das populações de protozoários foi alterado somente em três dos dezessete gêneros detectados, comprovando diversidade no ecossistema ruminal e sugerindo que esse subproduto pode ser uma alternativa segura para esses microrganismos ruminais.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different levels of inclusion of macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) cake on the protozoa population in the rumen of goats. It was used eight castrated undefinied breed goats with rumen cannula arranged in two Latin squares and fed four diets with different levels of macauba cake. For quantification of protozoa, 1-mL samples of the rumen fluid of each animal were diluted in 9 ml of formaldehyde solution at 10%. After successive decimal dilutions in saline solution, protozoa were quantified in Sedgewick chambers. The inclusion of macauba cake at the level of 5% of the diet did not change the average protozoa concentration in the rumen fluid, compared with the control group (0% of inclusion). Diets with 10 and 15% of macauba cake promoted significant increase of average concentration of protoza and did not reduce the concentrations of protozoa from other groups. The profile of protozoa populations was changed only in three out of 17 detected genera, proving that there is diversity in the ruminal ecosystem and it suggests that this by-product can be a safe alternative for those rumen microorganisms.

The presence of anaerobic fungi structures was evaluated in ruminal juice of beef goats and beef cattle raised in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The strains were collected from 18 Anglo-Nubian crossbred male goats and 23 Nellore crossbred steers during the dry period of the year. Physical-chemical characteristics of the juice were evaluated and direct examination with KOH digestion was performed for anaerobic fungi detection. Structures of these fungi were detected in samples of 14 (77.8%) goats and 17 (73.9%) steers. The monocentric fungi frequency (56.5%) was significantly higher in cattle than polycentric fungi frequency (26.1%). This study is the first report of anaerobic ruminal fungi in these ruminants in Brazil and showed high prevalence of theses microorganisms in the ruminal ecosystem of both animals.