ABSTRACT Scoliosis is a pathology with multiple etiologies that leads to aesthetic changes, increased morbidity and, especially, psychological damage. Objective: This work aims to compare two mindset types (fixed and growth) and assess levels of quality of life in individuals with scoliosis. Methods: Two questionnaires, Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) and Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associated with the “Health Mindset Scale,” were used. We applied the SRS-30 to patients who were independent or whose diagnosis of spinal deformity occurred after the age of 10 years. For patients diagnosed before the age of 10 or who presented dependence due to cognitive impairment, caregivers were subjected to the “Health Mindset Scale” and EOSQ-24 questionnaires. Results: The sample consisted of 35 patients aged from 4 to 46 years, the majority aged from 15 to 18 years old (42.9%), female (71.4%), and with neuromuscular scoliosis (28.6%). The only significant result (p = 0.060) was the increase in pain/discomfort scores in the EOSQ-24 for a patient with a growth mindset. Lastly, there was no statistical difference between groups, however, in patients with a growth mindset, there was a tendency (p = 0.060) to have a higher pain/discomfort score, assessed via the EOSQ-24 score, reported by the caregiver. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study. changes especially damage Objective fixed Methods questionnaires Society30 Society 30 Society-3 SRS30 SRS (SRS-30 EarlyOnset Early Onset Scoliosis24 24 Scoliosis-2 EOSQ24, EOSQ24 EOSQ , (EOSQ-24) Health Scale, Scale used SRS-3 1 impairment EOSQ-2 Results 3 42.9%, 429 42.9% 42 9 (42.9%) 71.4%, 714 71.4% 71 (71.4%) 28.6%. 286 28.6% . 28 6 (28.6%) p 0.060 0060 0 060 paindiscomfort pain discomfort Lastly groups however score caregiver III Study Society3 Society- SRS3 (SRS-3 Scoliosis2 2 Scoliosis- EOSQ2 (EOSQ-24 SRS- EOSQ- 42.9 (42.9% 71.4 7 (71.4% 28.6 (28.6% 0.06 006 06 (SRS- (EOSQ-2 42. (42.9 71. (71.4 28. (28.6 0.0 00 (SRS (EOSQ- (42. (71. (28. 0. (EOSQ (42 (71 (28 (4 (7 (2 (

RESUMO A escoliose é uma patologia com múltiplas etiologias e que acarreta alterações estéticas, aumento de morbidade e principalmente danos psicológicos. Objetivo: Comparar dois tipos de mindset (fixo e construtivo) e o nível de qualidade de vida. Métodos: Foram utilizados dois questionários, o Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) e o Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associados à escala Health Mindset Scale. Aplicamos o SRS-30 em pacientes independentes ou cujo diagnóstico de deformidade na coluna ocorreu após os 10 anos. Já no caso de pacientes com diagnóstico antes dos 10 anos ou que apresentassem dependência devido a dificuldades cognitivas, os cuidadores foram submetidos à Health Mindset Scale e ao EOSQ-24. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 35 pacientes com idades entre 4 e 46 anos, sendo a maioria entre 15 e 18 anos (42,9%), do sexo feminino (71,4%) e com escoliose do tipo neuromuscular (28,6%). O único resultado com significância (p = 0,060) foi o aumento dos escores de dor/desconforto nos questionários EOSQ-24 em paciente com mindset de crescimento. Por fim, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, porém, em pacientes com mindset construtivo, houve tendência (p = 0,060) de maior escore de dor/desconforto avaliado por meio do EOSQ-24 e referido pelo cuidador. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo Comparativo. estéticas psicológicos Objetivo fixo construtivo vida Métodos Society30 Society 30 Society-3 SRS30 SRS (SRS-30 EarlyOnset Early Onset Scoliosis24 24 Scoliosis-2 EOSQ24, EOSQ24 EOSQ , (EOSQ-24) SRS-3 1 cognitivas EOSQ24. 24. Resultados 3 42,9%, 429 42,9% 42 9 (42,9%) 71,4% 714 71 (71,4% 28,6%. 286 28,6% . 28 6 (28,6%) p 0,060 0060 0 060 dordesconforto dor desconforto EOSQ-2 crescimento fim grupos porém cuidador III Comparativo Society3 Society- SRS3 (SRS-3 Scoliosis2 2 Scoliosis- EOSQ2 (EOSQ-24 SRS- 42,9 (42,9% 71,4 7 (71,4 28,6 (28,6% 0,06 006 06 EOSQ- (SRS- (EOSQ-2 42, (42,9 71, (71, 28, (28,6 0,0 00 (SRS (EOSQ- (42, (71 (28, 0, (EOSQ (42 (7 (28 (4 ( (2

Abstract Microalgae are considered a rich source of biostimulants for plants, as an excellent business opportunity for the agricultural sector, as they can activate plant metabolism, contributing to the improvement in physiological performance, phytomass and, subsequently, vigor and quality of seedlings. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of Spirulina platensis biomass, in enabling improvements in physiological performance, phytomass and, subsequently, vigor and quality of cashew rootstock seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (concentrations x rootstock), with three replications. The concentrations used were 0%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 0.12% and the FAGA and CCP 76 genotypes. The seeds were immersed in the solutions for 12 hours. Applications were made via the leaves at 30 days after sowing (DAS), with an interval of seven days between each application and at 90 DAS evaluations were made. The FAGA and CCP 76 genotypes showed a positive response to the supply of S. platensis, with concentrations 0.04% and 0.08% which provided greater root length, aerial part length, number of leaves, diameter and leaf area. Concentrations 0.04% and 0.08% also promoted better percentages in the physiology of the CCP 76 genotype, while the FAGA genotype showed opposite action, which may be related to the mode of action of the microalgae on the different genetic and phenotypic characteristics of each genotype. The 0.12% concentration provided greater accumulations of aerial part and total dry mass to the genotypes.

Resumo A crescente demanda de água e as modificações no uso do solo que vêm ocorrendo na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Zerede ensejaram a realização de análises hidrológicas a fim de um melhor entendimento da dinâmica do ciclo hidrológico local, focando na relação com as florestas e suas consequências para a qualidade da água. Para isso, foi realizado o monitoramento hidrológico através de medições de precipitação, vazão e estimativa de evapotranspiração, utilizando-se um pluviômetro digital sem fio, um atmômetro modificado e pelo conjunto calha Parshall e ITS-2000. Para as análises da qualidade da água, foram coletadas amostras em 5 pontos distintos do curso d’água e analisadas quanto à cor, turbidez, pH, sólidos suspensos totais (SST), condutividade elétrica (CE), demanda química de oxigênio, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio e coliformes termotolerantes. Os resultados mostraram que a evapotranspiração apresentou maior contribuição para saída de água da bacia que o deflúvio, com exceção dos meses de novembro a janeiro (2006/2007). No balanço final, verificou-se o saldo hídrico negativo de 247,7 mm, refletindo precipitações abaixo do esperado para o período e reforçando a importância de utilizar técnicas que permitam uma maior retenção de água na bacia hidrográfica. Os parâmetros CE e SST apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre as médias dos pontos analisados pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade, sendo que os demais parâmetros revelaram a inexistência de diferença estatística entre as médias. As análises microbiológicas apresentaram resultados negativos, com a água livre de coliformes termotolerantes. Conclui-se que a água se encontra nos padrões da Classe 1, da Resolução no 357 do Conama (2005) nos parâmetros analisados, indicando uma boa qualidade na Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Zerede.

Abstract The increasing water demand and changes in the land use in the watershed of the Zerede Ceek stimulated hydrological analyses to improve the understanding of the dynamics of the local hydrological cycle, focusing on the relationship with forests and the consequences for the water quality. To this purpose, the hydrological monitoring was carried out by measurements of rainfall, flow rate and estimated evapotranspiration, using a digital wireless rain gauge, a modified atmometer, a Parshall flume set and ITS-2000. For the water quality analysis, samples were collected at five different points of the water course and analyzed for color, turbidity, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand and heat-tolerant coliforms. The results showed that evapotranspiration contributed more to the amount of water leaving the basin than outflow, except from November to January (2006/2007). The final fluid balance of 247.7 mm was negative, showing that rainfall was lower than expected for the period and reinforcing the importance of using techniques that allow greater water retention in the basin. The parameters EC and TSS differed statistically between the means of the points analyzed by the F test at 5% probability, unlike the other parameters. The microbiological tests were negative, with coliform-free water. It was concluded that the analyzed water parameters meet the standards of Class 1 defined by Resolution No 357 of CONAMA (2005), indicating good water quality in the Zerede Creek basin.

RESUMO Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAF) devem beneficiar todos os componentes do consórcio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da distância entre plantas na linha de plantio sobre o crescimento e a produção do componente arbóreo e da cultura agrícola e, sobre a viabilidade econômica do consórcio. Para isso plantou-se clone de eucalipto nos arranjos de 9,5 x 1,5 m, 9,5 x 2,0 m, 9,5 x 3,0 m e 9,5 x 40 m, em consórcio com soja. O diâmetro (dap) e a altura total (Ht) da árvore e o índice de área foliar (IAF) foram medidos aos 14, 38 e 51 meses. A produção de soja foi avaliada aos 24 meses após o plantio do eucalipto. A avaliação econômica do consórcio foi realizada para um horizonte de planejamento de sete anos. A distância entre as plantas na linha de plantio não afetou a altura das árvores, no entanto, maiores distâncias promoveram maior DAP e volume individual. Valores mais altos de área basal e produção foram alcançados no arranjo de 9,5 x 1,5 m. O IAF foi menor (1,43) no arranjo 9,5 x 4,0 m, aos 38 meses, em comparação aos demais arranjos (média de IAF = 1,66). A produção de soja foi a maior (2.317 kg ha-1) no arranjo de 9,5 x 4,0 m. Na avaliação econômica, a madeira produzida nos dois povoamentos mais densos foi destinada à energia, com baixo valor de mercado, inviabilizando economicamente esses arranjos, embora o rendimento do componente arbóreo tenha sido o mais elevado no 9,5 x 1,5 m. O arranjo espacial de 9,5 x 4,0 m foi o mais viável economicamente, considerando a alocação de 40% da madeira para serraria, e os preços e custos assumidos neste estudo. Neste arranjo de plantio, o rendimento da soja foi o mais elevado e os custos de plantio foram os menores, quando comparados aos demais arranjos.

ABSTRACT Agroforestry systems (AGF) design should benefit all components of the consortium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the distance between plants within the row on growth and yield of trees and agricultural crop and on the economic viability of the consortium. The eucalypt was planted in 9.5 x 1.5 m, 9.5 x 2.0 m, 9.5 x 3.0 m and 9.5 x 40 m arrangements, in consortium with soybean. The tree diameter (dbh) and total height (Ht), and the leaf area index (LAI) were measured at 14, 38 and 51 months. Soybean yield was evaluated 24 months after planting eucalypt. An economic evaluation of the consortium was carried out for a planning horizon of seven years. The distance between trees within the row did not affect the tree height, however, larger distances promoted a higher dbh and individual volume. Higher values of basal area and yield were achieved in the 9.5 x 1.5 m arrangement. The LAI was smaller (1.43) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement, at 38 months, compared to the other arrangements (mean LAI = 1.66). Soybean had it's highest yield (2,317 kg ha-1) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement. In the economic evaluation, the wood produced in the two denser arrangements was destined for energy, with low market value, making these two arrangements unfeasible economically, although the tree component yield was the highest in the arrangement 9.5 x 1.5 m. The 9.5 x 4.0 m spatial arrangement was the most economically viable, considering the allocation of 40% of the wood for sawing, and the prices and costs assumed in this study. In this arrangement, the soybean yield was the highest, and the planting costs were the lowest when compared to the other arrangements.

Present requirements of productivity in the industry demand a more common on-line inspection in productive processes, which imply high technological and innovation challenges to assure fast and accurate measurement methods. Opportune detection of defects saves time, energy and materials in defective products; also avoid reworks and encourage a better knowledge of the process. The effective integration of new measurement technologies, designs and suitable methods of calculation, allows the creation of robust, fast and accurate on-line inspection systems. In this work, the implementation of numerical techniques and geometrical analysis in the design of a device for the concentricity measurement of an industrial component, is presented; the inspection method is based on the indirect measurement of the geometric profile of the piece with a non-contact electronic sensor, collected data are used to calculate the center of the geometric place through an algorithm based on the resolution of a system of linear equations.

Los requerimientos actuales de productividad industrial exigen que la inspección en línea sea más común en los procesos productivos, lo cual implica altos retos tecnológicos y de innovación para asegurar una medición rápida y precisa. La detección oportuna de defectos ahorra tiempo, energía y materiales en productos defectuosos, también evita el reprocesamiento y favorece el conocimiento del proceso. La integración de nuevas tecnologías, diseños eficaces y métodos de cálculo adecuados, permite la creación de sistemas de inspección en línea robustos, rápidos y precisos. En este trabajo se presenta la aplicación de técnicas numéricas y análisis geométrico en el diseño de un dispositivo para medición en línea de concentricidad en un componente industrial; el método de inspección está basado en la medición del perfil geométrico de la pieza por medio de un sensor electrónico sin contacto, con los datos obtenidos se calcula el centro geométrico con un algoritmo de cálculo basado en la resolución de sistemas de ecuaciones lineales.

O objetivo do estudo foi comprovar a eficiência da linfocintilografia qualitativa e quantitativa no diagnóstico e na classificação da gravidade do linfedema de membros inferiores. Foram estudados 77 pacientes, sendo 66 (85,7%) do sexo feminino, na faixa etária entre 18 e 82 anos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a uma linfocintilografia bilateral, com um equipamento de dois detectores, na qual se adquiriu imagens dos pés, da região inguinal e uma varredura dos membros, após 15 minutos e três horas da injeção do radiofármaco. Os exames foram avaliados qualitativamente por 2 médicos nucleares. Também foram feitos estudos quantitativos da absorção do radiofármaco e da captação em cadeia inguinal. Dos 154 membros avaliados classificaram-se como normais 21,44% (n=33), pouco alterados 61,68% (n=95) e muito alterados 16,88% (n=26). A quantificação da captação da cadeia linfática pode ser um método mais sensível para o diagnóstico do linfedema em relação à análise qualitativa.

The purpose of this study was to prove the efficiency of qualitative and quantitative lymphoscintigraphy in the diagnosis of the lower extremity lymphedema. Seventy-seven patients had been studied, most of then (85.7%) were female. Patients’ ages ranged from 18 to 82 years. All patients underwent a bilateral lymphoscintigraphy. Images were recorded with a dual-detector instrument in the whole-body scanning mode. Feet and inguinal static views were acquired within 15 minutes and three hours after radiopharmaceutical injection. Two nuclear doctors evaluated the lymphoscintigrams qualitatively. Quantitative studies of the radiopharmaceutical absorption and the lymph node chain uptake were also obtained. Of the 154 evaluated members, 21.44% (n = 33) were classified as normal, 61.68% (n = 95) as mildly altered and 16.88% (n = 26) much altered. Quantitation of lymphatic chain uptake may be a more sensitive approach to the diagnosis of lymphatic impairment than the qualitative analysis.