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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the value of miR-29a-3p, miR-27a, miR126-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-625-3p, miR-130a, miR-32, miR-218, miR-131, and miR5196 in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis and to determine whether there is a difference in miRNA expression levels between radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, as well as the relationship between miRNA expression levels, disease activity, and uveitis history. METHODS: This study included 50 patients with axial spondyloarthritis (25 with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and 25 with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis) and 25 healthy individuals. The fold change of miRNA expression for each miRNA was calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method. RESULTS: The expression of all miRNAs except miR-130a was downregulated in axial spondyloarthritis patients (miR-27a: fold regulation: −11.21, p<0.001; miR-29a-3p: fold regulation: −2.63, p<0.001; miR-32: fold regulation: −2.94, p=0.002; miR-126-3p: fold regulation −10.94, p<0.001; miR-132: fold regulation: −2.18, p<0.001; miR-146-5p: fold regulation: −9.78, p<0.001; miR-218: fold regulation: −2.65, p<0.001; miR-625-3p: fold regulation: −2.01, p=0.001; miR-5196-3p: fold regulation: −7.04, p<0.001). The expression levels of these miRNAs did not differ significantly between non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients (p>0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: Particularly, miR-27a, miR-126-3p, miR-146-5p, and miR-5196-3p were found to be substantially downregulated in both non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for axial spondyloarthritis. OBJECTIVE miR29a3p, miR29a3p miRap miR 29a 3p, 3p p miR-29a-3p miR27a, miR27a miRa 27a, 27a miR-27a miR1263p, miR1263p miRp miR126 miR126-3p miR146a5p, miR146a5p 146a 5p, 5p miR-146a-5p miR6253p, miR6253p 625 miR-625-3p miR130a, miR130a 130a, 130a miR32, miR32 32, 32 miR-32 miR218, miR218 218, 218 miR-218 miR131, miR131 131, 131 miR-131 miR519 nonradiographic non activity history METHODS 5 (2 2 individuals 2ΔΔCt ΔΔCt method RESULTS (miR-27a 1121 11 21 −11.21 p<0.001 p0001 0 001 263 63 −2.63 294 94 −2.94 p=0.002 p0002 002 126 miR-126-3p 1094 10 −10.94 miR132 132 miR-132 18 −2.18 miR1465p 146 miR-146-5p 978 9 78 −9.78 265 65 −2.65 201 01 −2.01 p=0.001 miR51963p 5196 704 7 04 −7.04 p<0.001. . p<0.001) p>0.05 p005 05 (p>0.0 all. all) CONCLUSION Particularly miR1465p, miR12 62 miR3 3 miR-3 miR21 miR-21 miR13 13 miR-13 miR51 ( 112 1 −11.2 p<0.00 p000 00 26 6 −2.6 29 −2.9 p=0.00 12 109 −10.9 −2.1 14 97 −9.7 20 −2.0 519 70 −7.0 p>0.0 p00 (p>0. miR1 miR- miR2 miR-2 miR-1 miR5 −11. p<0.0 −2. p=0.0 −10. −9. 51 −7. p>0. p0 (p>0 −11 p<0. −2 p=0. −10 −9 −7 p>0 (p> −1 p<0 − p=0 p> (p p< p=