Abstract Objective To analyze the muscle trophism and expression of interleukin-6 in the biceps brachii muscle of rats with incomplete cervical spinal cord injury treated with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Methods Adult rats underwent C5-C7 spinal cord hemisection and a 5-week NMES protocol. Trophism of the biceps brachii was assessed using muscle weight/body weight ratio and histological analysis. Interleukin-6 expression from biceps brachii was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results Preservation of the biceps brachii muscle trophism was found in the NMES treated group, along with prevention of interleukin-6 level reduction. Conclusion Spinal cord injury causes muscle atrophy and decreases interleukin-6 levels. These alterations are partially prevented by NMES. The results suggest a possible NMES action mechanism and underscore the clinical use of this therapeutic tool. interleukin6 interleukin 6 interleukin- . (NMES) C5C7 CC C5 C7 C C5-C 5week week 5 protocol weightbody body analysis Interleukin6 Interleukin Interleukin- enzymelinked enzyme linked technique group reduction levels tool (NMES C5C

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o trofismo muscular e a de interleucina-6 no músculo bíceps braquial de ratas com lesão medular cervical incompleta tratados com estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (EENM). Métodos Ratas adultas foram submetidas à hemissecção da medula espinal em C5-C7 e a um protocolo de EENM de 5 semanas. O trofismo do bíceps braquial foi avaliado pela relação peso muscular/peso corporal e análise histológica. A expressão de interleucina-6 no bíceps braquial foi medida usando ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática. Resultados O grupo tratado com EENM apresentou preservação do trofismo muscular, assim como prevenção da redução dos níveis de interleucina-6. Conclusão A lesão da medula espinal causa atrofia muscular e diminui a expressão de interleucina-6. Essas alterações são parcialmente prevenidas pela EENM. Os resultados sugerem um possível mecanismo de ação da EENM e ressaltam o uso clínico desta ferramenta terapêutica. interleucina6 interleucina 6 interleucina- . (EENM) C5C7 CC C5 C7 C C5-C semanas muscularpeso histológica enzimática interleucina6. 6. terapêutica (EENM C5C

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the accuracy of measuring neck circumference as a diagnostic method for overweight in 10-year-old children. METHODS: A cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study was performed in 2019. The population was composed of 942 school children from the municipality of Palhoça, SC, Brazil. For each measurement of the neck circumference, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, likelihood ratio for a positive test, and accuracy were estimated using the receiver operator characteristic curve, with body mass index as a reference. RESULTS: The estimated overall accuracy was 88.9%. For males, the accuracy was 90.1%, and for females, 88.5%. A 30.0 cm neck circumference had a sensitivity of 22.8%, a specificity of 95.4%, a positive predictive value of 76.6%, a negative predictive value of 65.3%, a likelihood ratio for a positive test of 5.0, and an accuracy of 66.7% for all students. CONCLUSION: Neck circumference showed a global accuracy of 88.9% as a method for diagnosing overweight in 10-year-old children. Predictive values showed high values, mainly starting with a neck circumference of 30 cm. OBJECTIVE 10yearold yearold 10 year old METHODS crosssectional cross sectional 2019 94 Palhoça SC Brazil curve reference RESULTS 889 88 9 males 901 90 1 90.1% females 885 5 88.5% 300 0 30. 228 22 8 22.8% 954 95 4 95.4% 766 76 6 76.6% 653 65 3 65.3% 50 5.0 667 66 7 66.7 students CONCLUSION 88.9 201 90.1 88.5 2 22.8 95.4 76.6 65.3 5. 66. 88. 20 90. 22. 95. 76. 65.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar los efectos de la auriculoterapia sobre la ansiedad y los niveles séricos de factor neurotrófico derivado de cerebro (BDNF), enolasa-específica de neurona (NSE) y proteína fijadora de calcio S100B (S100B) en adultos atendidos en Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: ensayo clínico piloto preexperimental. Se obtuvo información de 19 pacientes mediante el Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI) y análisis de niveles séricos de BDNF, NSE y S100B. Resultados: la puntuación de ansiedad preintervención en el IDATE-Rasgo fue de 52,11±6,691 (CV 12,84%) y la valoración tras la auriculoterapia fue significativamente menor (43,72±8,141; CV 18,62%; P=0,0007). Los niveles de S100B se redujeron significativamente después de la auriculoterapia (de 64,03±72,18 a 54,03±68,53 pg/mL; CV 126,8%; P=0,0023). Conclusión: la auriculoterapia redujo efectivamente los niveles de ansiedad. Demostró ser seguro y fácil de aplicar, lo que permitió a las enfermeras realizar esta técnica de forma autónoma. También se evidenció una reducción de S100B, lo que demuestra una posible prevención del daño neuronal. Objetivo BDNF , (BDNF) enolasaespecífica enolasa específica (NSE SB S B (S100B Salud Métodos preexperimental 1 EstadoRasgo Estado Rasgo STAI (STAI Resultados IDATERasgo IDATE 52116691 52 11 6 691 52,11±6,69 12,84% 1284 12 84 43,72±8,141 43728141 43 72 8 141 (43,72±8,141 18,62% 1862 18 62 P=0,0007. P00007 P P=0,0007 . 0 0007 P=0,0007) 64037218 64 03 64,03±72,1 54036853 54 68 53 54,03±68,5 pg/mL pgmL pg mL 126,8% 1268 126 P=0,0023. P00023 P=0,0023 0023 P=0,0023) Conclusión aplicar autónoma neuronal (BDNF 5211669 5 69 52,11±6,6 12,84 128 43,72±8,14 4372814 4 7 14 (43,72±8,14 18,62 186 P0000 P=0,000 000 6403721 64,03±72, 5403685 54,03±68, 126,8 P0002 P=0,002 002 521166 52,11±6, 12,8 43,72±8,1 437281 (43,72±8,1 18,6 P000 P=0,00 00 640372 64,03±72 540368 54,03±68 126, 52116 52,11±6 12, 43,72±8, 43728 (43,72±8, 18, P00 P=0,0 64037 64,03±7 54036 54,03±6 5211 52,11± 43,72±8 4372 (43,72±8 P0 P=0, 6403 64,03± 5403 54,03± 521 52,11 43,72± 437 (43,72± P=0 640 64,03 540 54,03 52,1 43,72 (43,72 P= 64,0 54,0 52, 43,7 (43,7 64, 54, 43, (43, (43 (4 (

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the effects of auriculotherapy on anxiety and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) serum levels in adults assisted in Primary Health Care. Methods: a pre-experimental pilot clinical trial. Information was obtained from 19 patients using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and analysis of BDNF, NSE and S100B serum levels. Results: the pre-intervention anxiety score in the IDATE-Trait was 52.11±6.691 (CV 12.84%) and the assessment after auriculotherapy was significantly lower (43.72±8.141; CV 18.62%; P=0.0007). S100B levels were significantly reduced after auriculotherapy (from 64.03±72.18 to 54.03±68.53 pg/mL; CV 126.8%; P=0.0023). Conclusion: auriculotherapy effectively reduced anxiety levels. It proved to be safe and easy to apply, allowing nurses to perform this technique autonomously. A reduction of S100B was also evidenced, demonstrating possible prevention of neuronal damage. Objective brainderived brain derived BDNF , (BDNF) neuronspecific neuron specific (NSE S S10 calciumbinding calcium binding SB (S100B Care Methods preexperimental pre experimental trial 1 StateTrait State Trait STAI (STAI Results preintervention intervention IDATETrait IDATE 52116691 52 11 6 691 52.11±6.69 12.84% 1284 12 84 43.72±8.141 43728141 43 72 8 141 (43.72±8.141 18.62% 1862 18 62 P=0.0007. P00007 P P=0.0007 . 0 0007 P=0.0007) 64037218 64 03 64.03±72.1 54036853 54 68 53 54.03±68.5 pg/mL pgmL pg mL 126.8% 1268 126 P=0.0023. P00023 P=0.0023 0023 P=0.0023) Conclusion apply autonomously evidenced damage (BDNF S1 5211669 5 69 52.11±6.6 12.84 128 43.72±8.14 4372814 4 7 14 (43.72±8.14 18.62 186 P0000 P=0.000 000 6403721 64.03±72. 5403685 54.03±68. 126.8 P0002 P=0.002 002 521166 52.11±6. 12.8 43.72±8.1 437281 (43.72±8.1 18.6 P000 P=0.00 00 640372 64.03±72 540368 54.03±68 126. 52116 52.11±6 12. 43.72±8. 43728 (43.72±8. 18. P00 P=0.0 64037 64.03±7 54036 54.03±6 5211 52.11± 43.72±8 4372 (43.72±8 P0 P=0. 6403 64.03± 5403 54.03± 521 52.11 43.72± 437 (43.72± P=0 640 64.03 540 54.03 52.1 43.72 (43.72 P= 64.0 54.0 52. 43.7 (43.7 64. 54. 43. (43. (43 (4 (

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos da auriculoterapia sobre a ansiedade e os níveis séricos do fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (BDNF), enolase-específica de neurônios (NSE) e proteína ligadora de cálcio S100B (S100B) em adultos atendidos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: ensaio clínico piloto pré-experimental. As informações foram obtidas de 19 pacientes por meio do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) e da análise dos níveis séricos de BDNF, NSE e S100B. Resultados: o escore de ansiedade pré-intervenção no IDATE-Traço foi de 52,11±6,691 (CV 12,84%) e a avaliação após a auriculoterapia foi significativamente menor (43,72±8,141; CV 18,62%; P=0,0007). Os níveis de S100B foram significativamente reduzidos após auriculoterapia (de 64,03±72,18 para 54,03±68,53 pg/mL; CV 126,8%; P=0,0023). Conclusão: a auriculoterapia reduziu efetivamente os níveis de ansiedade. Mostrou-se segura e de fácil aplicação, possibilitando ao enfermeiro realizar esta técnica com autonomia. Uma redução de S100B também foi evidenciada, demonstrando possível prevenção de danos neuronais. Objetivo BDNF , (BDNF) enolaseespecífica enolase específica (NSE SB S B (S100B Saúde Métodos préexperimental. préexperimental pré experimental. experimental pré-experimental 1 TraçoEstado Traço Estado IDATE (IDATE Resultados préintervenção intervenção IDATETraço 52116691 52 11 6 691 52,11±6,69 12,84% 1284 12 84 43,72±8,141 43728141 43 72 8 141 (43,72±8,141 18,62% 1862 18 62 P=0,0007. P00007 P P=0,0007 . 0 0007 P=0,0007) 64037218 64 03 64,03±72,1 54036853 54 68 53 54,03±68,5 pg/mL pgmL pg mL 126,8% 1268 126 P=0,0023. P00023 P=0,0023 0023 P=0,0023) Conclusão Mostrouse Mostrou se aplicação autonomia evidenciada neuronais (BDNF 5211669 5 69 52,11±6,6 12,84 128 43,72±8,14 4372814 4 7 14 (43,72±8,14 18,62 186 P0000 P=0,000 000 6403721 64,03±72, 5403685 54,03±68, 126,8 P0002 P=0,002 002 521166 52,11±6, 12,8 43,72±8,1 437281 (43,72±8,1 18,6 P000 P=0,00 00 640372 64,03±72 540368 54,03±68 126, 52116 52,11±6 12, 43,72±8, 43728 (43,72±8, 18, P00 P=0,0 64037 64,03±7 54036 54,03±6 5211 52,11± 43,72±8 4372 (43,72±8 P0 P=0, 6403 64,03± 5403 54,03± 521 52,11 43,72± 437 (43,72± P=0 640 64,03 540 54,03 52,1 43,72 (43,72 P= 64,0 54,0 52, 43,7 (43,7 64, 54, 43, (43, (43 (4 (

Objective: to describe the most frequent signs and symptoms of infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: this is a narrative literature review carried out in April 2020; the search was performed on electronic databases and complemented with a manual review of the references of the selected papers and Brazilian Ministry of Health publications. Results: the spectrum of clinical disease was wide; fever, coughing and dyspnea were the most frequent signs/symptoms, however, they may not be present, thus hindering case definition. gastrointestinal symptoms and loss of taste or smell have been reported among mild cases; dyspnea was frequent among severe and fatal cases. Conclusion: considering the scarcity of diagnostic tests and the diversity of symptoms, health services should use a sensitive case definition, in order to adopt appropriate surveillance, prevention and treatment actions.

Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). Métodos: revisión de la literatura narrativa realizada en abril de 2020. La búsqueda se realizó de forma electrónica y se complementó con una revisión manual de las referencias y publicaciones del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil. Resultados: el espectro de la enfermedad clínica fue variado. La fiebre, la tos y la disnea fueron las señales / síntomas más frecuentes, sin embargo, es posible que no estén presentes, lo que dificulta la definición del caso. Se han informado síntomas gastrointestinales y cambios en el olfato o el gusto entre los casos leves. La disnea fue frecuente entre los casos graves y progresó hasta la muerte. Conclusión: teniendo en cuenta la escasez de pruebas diagnósticas y la diversidad de síntomas, los servicios de salud deben utilizar una definición de caso sensible, para adoptar las acciones apropiadas para la vigilancia, prevención y tratamiento.

Objetivo: descrever os sinais e sintomas mais frequentes na infecção pelo vírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Métodos: revisão narrativa da literatura realizada em abril de 2020; a busca foi realizada em bases eletrônicas e complementada com revisão manual das referências dos trabalhos selecionados e das publicações do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Resultados: o espectro da doença clínica mostrou-se variado; Febre, tosse e dispneia foram os sinais/sintomas mais frequentes, no entanto, podem não estar presentes, dificultando a definição de caso; sintomas gastrointestinais e alteração de olfato ou paladar têm sido relatados entre casos leves; a dispneia foi frequente entre casos graves e com evolução ao óbito. Conclusão: considerando-se a escassez de testes diagnósticos e a diversidade de sintomas, os serviços de saúde devem utilizar uma definição de caso sensível, de forma a serem adotadas ações adequadas de vigilância, prevenção e tratamento.

Resumo Objetivo descrever os sinais e sintomas mais frequentes na infecção pelo vírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Métodos revisão narrativa da literatura realizada em abril de 2020; a busca foi realizada em bases eletrônicas e complementada com revisão manual das referências dos trabalhos selecionados e das publicações do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Resultados o espectro da doença clínica mostrou-se variado; febre, tosse e dispneia foram os sinais/sintomas mais frequentes, no entanto, podem não estar presentes, dificultando a definição de caso; sintomas gastrointestinais e alteração de olfato ou paladar têm sido relatados entre casos leves; a dispneia foi frequente entre casos graves e com evolução ao óbito. Conclusão considerando-se a escassez de testes diagnósticos e a diversidade de sintomas, os serviços de saúde devem utilizar uma definição de caso sensível, de forma a serem adotadas ações adequadas de vigilância, prevenção e tratamento.

Abstract Objective to describe the most frequent signs and symptoms of infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods this is a narrative literature review carried out in April 2020; the search was performed on electronic databases and complemented with a manual review of the references of the selected papers and Brazilian Ministry of Health publications. Results the spectrum of clinical disease was wide; fever, coughing and dyspnea were the most frequent signs/symptoms, however, they may not be present, thus hindering case definition; gastrointestinal symptoms and loss of taste or smell have been reported among mild cases; dyspnea was frequent among severe and fatal cases. Conclusion considering the scarcity of diagnostic tests and the diversity of symptoms, health services should use a sensitive case definition, in order to adopt appropriate surveillance, prevention and treatment actions.

Resumen Objetivo describir las señales y síntomas más frecuentes en la infección por el virus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). Métodos revisión de la literatura narrativa realizada en abril de 2020. La búsqueda se realizó de forma electrónica y se complementó con una revisión manual de las referencias y publicaciones del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil. Resultados el espectro de la enfermedad clínica fue variado. La fiebre, la tos y la disnea fueron las señales / síntomas más frecuentes, sin embargo, es posible que no estén presentes, lo que dificulta la definición del caso. Se han informado síntomas gastrointestinales y cambios en el olfato o el gusto entre los casos leves. La disnea fue frecuente entre los casos graves y progresó hasta la muerte. Conclusión teniendo en cuenta la escasez de pruebas diagnósticas y la diversidad de síntomas, los servicios de salud deben utilizar una definición de caso sensible, para adoptar las acciones apropiadas para la vigilancia, prevención y tratamiento.

Resumo Objetivo descrever os sinais e sintomas mais frequentes na infecção pelo vírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave coronavírus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Métodos revisão narrativa da literatura realizada em abril de 2020; a busca foi realizada em bases eletrônicas e complementada com revisão manual das referências dos trabalhos selecionados e das publicações do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Resultados o espectro da doença clínica mostrou-se variado; febre, tosse e dispneia foram os sinais/sintomas mais frequentes, no entanto, podem não estar presentes, dificultando a definição de caso; sintomas gastrointestinais e alteração de olfato ou paladar têm sido relatados entre casos leves; a dispneia foi frequente entre casos graves e com evolução ao óbito. Conclusão considerando-se a escassez de testes diagnósticos e a diversidade de sintomas, os serviços de saúde devem utilizar uma definição de caso sensível, de forma a serem adotadas ações adequadas de vigilância, prevenção e tratamento.

Abstract Objective to describe the most frequent signs and symptoms of infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods this is a narrative literature review carried out in April 2020; the search was performed on electronic databases and complemented with a manual review of the references of the selected papers and Brazilian Ministry of Health publications. Results the spectrum of clinical disease was wide; fever, coughing and dyspnea were the most frequent signs/symptoms, however, they may not be present, thus hindering case definition; gastrointestinal symptoms and loss of taste or smell have been reported among mild cases; dyspnea was frequent among severe and fatal cases. Conclusion considering the scarcity of diagnostic tests and the diversity of symptoms, health services should use a sensitive case definition, in order to adopt appropriate surveillance, prevention and treatment actions.

Resumen Objetivo describir las señales y síntomas más frecuentes en la infección por el virus del Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). Métodos revisión de la literatura narrativa realizada en abril de 2020. La búsqueda se realizó de forma electrónica y se complementó con una revisión manual de las referencias y publicaciones del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil. Resultados el espectro de la enfermedad clínica fue variado. La fiebre, la tos y la disnea fueron las señales / síntomas más frecuentes, sin embargo, es posible que no estén presentes, lo que dificulta la definición del caso. Se han informado síntomas gastrointestinales y cambios en el olfato o el gusto entre los casos leves. La disnea fue frecuente entre los casos graves y progresó hasta la muerte. Conclusión teniendo en cuenta la escasez de pruebas diagnósticas y la diversidad de síntomas, los servicios de salud deben utilizar una definición de caso sensible, para adoptar las acciones apropiadas para la vigilancia, prevención y tratamiento.

Abstract Citrus species are widely related to antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate if treatment with ethanolic extract from peels of mature Citrus reticulata Blanco causes antihyperalgesic effects on the referred mechanical hyperalgesia in a model of dextran sulphate of sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, as well as the possible oxidative damage in different regions of the brain induced by its inflammatory reaction. Antihyperalgesia (30 to 300 mg/kg) was investigated by behavioral response (frequency of response to von Frey filament stimulation) in Swiss mice, while damage to central nervous system was investigated through techniques that evaluated oxidative stress using male black C57 BL6 mice (n=8). Treatment of the animals with the extract (100 mg/kg) from days 3 to 5 after colitis induction reduced referred the mechanical hyperalgesia (32.6 ± 5.1) in relation to the control group (57.4 ± 2.0). Levels of lipid peroxidation or carbonyl proteins were augmented in colitis-induced animals in relation to the disease group. These results indicated an antihyperalgesic effect of the studied extract and a potential impairment of the central nervous system functioning caused by inflammation during colitis, which could be related to mental disorders observed in patients suffering of this pathology.

Abstract Silicone breast implant is associated with complications inherent to the surgical procedure. Prosthesis coating with polyurethane, however, commonly reduces the incidence of such complications. In this paper, the authors evaluated the inflammatory histomorphometric profile and oxidative damage associated to the implant of polyester urethane sheets. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into Sham or polyester urethane groups (n = 8/group) and underwent a polyester urethane implant in the dorsal skinfold. Tissue samples were collected on days seven, 30, and 90 after surgery and subjected to histomorphometric analysis and biochemical tests. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05). Peri-implant tissue samples exhibited characteristic inflammatory response associated with the biomaterial, with increased vascularization on day seven and augmented levels of IL1-b and TNF-a after 30 days. Peri-implant fibrocystic population was small on day seven, but increased considerably after 90 days. A rise in the carbonyl group levels of skin samples in the polyester urethane group was observed on day seven. Findings suggest that polyester urethane sheets undergo biodegradation at an early stage after implantation, followed by increased vascularity and microencapsulation of biomaterial fragments, without persistent oxidative damage. Fiber arrangement inside the collagen matrix results in a fibrotic scar because of polyester urethane degradation.