RESUMEN Se cita a Adiantopsis orbygniana (Pteridaceae) por primera vez para la flora de Tucumán, Argentina, en la provincia biogeográfica de las Yungas (distrito de las Selvas de transición). Éste constituye el registro más austral de la especie. Se proporciona una descripción actualizada, se ilustra con fotografías y se aportan las características del ambiente donde habita. La presencia de A. orbygniana en las Yungas apoyaría la hipótesis de fragmentación de las selvas sudamericanas por la cuña árida chaqueña.

ABSTRACT Adiantopsis orbygniana (Pteridaceae) is recorded for the first time for Tucumán flora, Argentina, in the Yungas biogeographic province (district of the Transition Forests). This constitutes the southernmost record of the species. An updated description, illustrated with photographs and the characteristics of the enviroment where the species lives are provided. The presence of A. orbygniana in Yungas provides some support the hypothesis of the fragmentation of South American forests by the arid Chacoan diagonal.

Abstract A new species of Asplenium L. (Aspleniaceae) is described and illustrated. Asplenium sylvaticum is endemic of the Yungas and Paraná biogeographic provinces in the Southern Cone. The main diagnostic characters for this taxon are: apical pinnae with one to four caudate lobes at the base, similar in size to lateral pinnae, smooth pinnate blades with 18-36 pairs of caudate pinnae and spores with reticulate perispore, winged folds with scarce equinulaes on the margins and the laesurae wide with smooth margin. The new species belongs to the A. serra species complex group, characterised by xeromorphic habit, creeping rhizome and coriaceous fronds with branched scales on both surfaces, and resembles the other species inhabiting in Argentina, A. achalense and A. serra, in overall leaf architecture and shape but differs of the aforementioned species (and the other species of the A. serra complex) by the unique combination of characters of its rhizomatic scales, fronds and spores. A key with the morphological and palynological characters that differentiate A. sylvaticum from the other taxa belonging to the A. serra complex in the South American Cone and Bolivia is given. L Aspleniaceae (Aspleniaceae illustrated are base 1836 18 36 18-3 perispore margin group habit surfaces Argentina given 183 1 3 18-

Resumen: La biogeografía reconoce patrones de distribución de los seres vivos en el tiempo y en el espacio, y propone hipótesis acerca de los procesos que causaron dichos patrones. También identifica unidades biogeográficas para proporcionar un sistema jerárquico de regionalización biótica del planeta, delimitando áreas naturales. El objetivo de la presente contribución es presentar la regionalización biogeográfica evolutiva de los Esteros del Iberá, con una puesta al día integrando diversas fuentes de información, describiendo las características fundamentales de la misma, las especies características, los endemismos propios de cada unidad biogeográfica evolutiva, discutiéndose además sus relaciones bióticas y evolución geobiótica. De acuerdo al Código Internacional de Nomenclatura de Áreas (ICAN), se proponen las localidades tipo, con sus respectivas coordenadas geográficas, para la provincia Esteros del Iberá y los distritos Delta del Paraná, Río Uruguay y Sabanas Inundables del Paraná.

RESUMEN Se cita a Didymoglossum krausii (Hymenophyllaceae), Amauropelta jujuyensis y Amauropelta nubicola (Thelypteridaceae) por primera vez para Tucumán, Argentina, en la provincia biogeográfica de las Yungas. Este constituye el registro más austral de los tres taxones. Se proporciona una descripción actualizada, junto con fotografías, y características de los hábitats de las especies en Tucumán.

ABSTRACT Didymoglossum krausii (Hymenophyllaceae), Amauropelta jujuyensis and Amauropelta nubicola (Thelypteridaceae) are recorded for the first time in Tucumán, Argentina, in Yungas biogeographic province. This is the southernmost record of the three taxa. An updated description is provided, along with pictures, and characteristic of the habitats of the species in Tucumán.

Resumo O cultivo de esporos in vitro e as características dos gametófitos podem contribuir para a compreensão do ciclo de vida em diferentes táxons de samambaias e também para estudos sistemáticos e taxonômicos. Woodsiaceae contém dois gêneros, Physematium e Woodsia. Physematium montevidensis é a única espécie registrada para a América do Sul. Até o momento, a fase gametofítica desta espécie é desconhecida.. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o padrão de desenvolvimento, a morfologia e a expressão sexual do gametófito de Physematium montevidensis para fornecer informações sobre sua biologia reprodutiva. O padrão de germinação foi do tipo-Vittaria e o desenvolvimento do gametófito do tipo- Aspidium. Os gametângios surgiram 30-40 dias após a germinação dos esporos. Ambos, gametófito bisexual-cordiforme e masculino espatulado-alongado se desenvolveram nas culturas. Os esporófitos emergiram em aproximadamente três meses após a semeadura dos esporos. O desenvolvimento do gametófito de Physematium montevidensis e suas características morfológicas são amplamente semelhantes aos registrados em outros táxons de Woodsiaceae. taxonômicos gêneros Woodsia Sul momento desconhecida desconhecida. reprodutiva tipoVittaria tipo Vittaria Aspidium 3040 30 40 30-4 Ambos bisexualcordiforme bisexual cordiforme espatuladoalongado espatulado alongado culturas 304 3 4 30-

Abstract In vitro spore culture and gametophyte characteristics may contribute understanding the life cycle in different fern taxa and also to systematic and taxonomic studies. The family Woodsiaceae contains two genera: Physematium and Woodsia. Physematium montevidensis is the only species recognized for South America, and up to now, no information has been recorded on the gametophytic phase. The aim of this work is to study the development pattern, the morphology and sexual expression of the gametophyte of Physematium montevidensis to provide information about its reproductive biology. The germination pattern was of the Vittaria-type and the gametophyte development of the Aspidium-type. Gametangia appeared 30-40 days after spore germination. Both, cordiform bisexual and spatulate-elongated male gametophytes developed in the cultures. The sporophytes emerged near 3 months after spore sowing. The gametophyte development of Physematium montevidensis and its morphological features are broadly similar to those registered in other taxa of Woodsiaceae. studies genera Woodsia America now phase biology Vittariatype Vittaria type Aspidiumtype. Aspidiumtype Aspidium type. Aspidium-type 3040 30 40 30-4 Both spatulateelongated spatulate elongated cultures sowing 304 4 30-

Resumo Athyrium decurtatum var. platense (= Thelypteris decurtata subsp. platensis) é transferida para o gênero Amauropelta e elevada ao nível de espécie com base em estudos morfológicos, palinológicos e geográficos. Esta espécie é endêmica do distrito Delta do Paraná, pertencendo à província biogeográfica dos Esteros del Iberá, no Cone Sul da América do Sul. var = ( subsp platensis morfológicos geográficos Paraná Iberá

Abstract Athyrium decurtatum var. platense (= Thelypteris decurtata subsp. platensis) is transferred to the genus Amauropelta and raised to the species level based on morphological, palynological and geographical evidences. This fern species is endemic to the Delta of Paraná district, belonging to the Esteros del Iberá biogeographic province in the Southern Cone of South America. var = ( subsp platensis morphological evidences district America

Resumo Rumohra aconquijana sp. nov., um endemismo restrito do distrito de Floresta Montana (700-1.500 m asl; província biogeográfica de Yungas) é relatado, descrito e ilustrado. A Rumohra aconquijana cresce como epífita em Ocotea porphyria (Lauraceae) e Sambucus peruviana (Viburnaceae) em locais úmidos e declives de florestas nebulares. A nova espécie difere de R. adiantiformis, especialmente pela dissecação das lâminas, a forma e o tamanho das pínulas. Além disso, difere de todas as espécies argentinas, bolivianas e chilenas de Rumohra na ornamentação do perisporo, que é cristado, parcialmente fusionado, estreito e com margens estriadas. Aqui, apresentamos a primeira espécie endêmica de Rumohra dos Yungas da Argentina, bem como uma chave para identificar as espécies ocorrentes na Argentina e na Bolívia. sp nov nov. 7001.500 7001500 700 1.500 1 500 (700-1.50 asl relatado ilustrado Lauraceae (Lauraceae Viburnaceae (Viburnaceae nebulares R adiantiformis lâminas pínulas disso argentinas perisporo cristado fusionado estriadas Aqui Bolívia 7001 7001.50 700150 70 1500 1.50 50 (700-1.5 7001.5 70015 7 150 1.5 5 (700-1. 7001. 15 1. (700-1 (700- (700 (70 (7 (

Abstract Rumohra aconquijana sp. nov., a restricted endemism of the Montane Jungle district (700-1,500 m asl; Yungas biogeographic province) is reported, described and illustrated. Rumohra aconquijana grows as epiphyte on Ocotea porphyria (Lauraceae) and Sambucus peruviana (Viburnaceae) in humid terraces and slopes of the cloud forest. The new species differs from the widespread R. adiantiformis, especially by the dissection of the laminae, the shape and size of the pinnules. Also, there are differences with all Argentinean and Bolivian and Chilean species of Rumohra in the ornamentation of the perispore, which is folded with few folds, partially fused, narrow and with ridged margins. Here, we present the first species of Rumohra endemic from Argentinean Yungas, as well as a key to identifying the species occurring in Argentina and Bolivia. sp nov nov. 7001,500 7001500 700 1,500 1 500 (700-1,50 asl province reported illustrated Lauraceae (Lauraceae Viburnaceae (Viburnaceae forest R adiantiformis laminae pinnules Also perispore folds fused margins Here Bolivia 7001 7001,50 700150 70 1500 1,50 50 (700-1,5 7001,5 70015 7 150 1,5 5 (700-1, 7001, 15 1, (700-1 (700- (700 (70 (7 (

Resumen Arana, M. D.; M. L. Luna, M. A. Ganem & G. E. Giudice. 2022. Caracterización de Asplenium achalense (Aspleniaceae), una especie poco comprendida de la flora argentina: evidencias morfológicas, palinológicas y distribucionales. Darwiniana, nueva serie 10(2): 527-536. Asplenium (Aspleniaceae) es uno de los géneros de helechos más complejos desde el punto de vista taxonómico, con unas 700 especies, de distribución casi cosmopolita. En Argentina, Asplenium constituye el género de helechos más rico en especies, con 38 taxones. Entre esas especies, la delimitación de Asplenium achalense sigue estando escasamente comprendida. Algunos autores consideran a A. serra como una variante de A. achalense, o incluso la última especie ha sido considerada como un complejo de especies. El hallazgo de una población de Asplenium achalense en Yungas después de tres décadas sin observaciones en la naturaleza y de no registrarse ejemplares de herbarios más recientes, hizo posible analizar material vivo y observar nuevos caracteres diagnósticos presentes en raquis y escamas de láminas, pelos glandulares en pecíolos y raquis, junto con características de la pared de las esporas, que son críticos para delimitar A. achalense como un taxón bien definido, endémico del Noroeste hasta el centro de Argentina.

Abstract Arana, M. D.; M. L. Luna, M. A. Ganem & G. E. Giudice. 2022. Characterizing Asplenium achalense (Aspleniaceae), a misunderstood species of Argentine flora: morphological, palynological and distributional evidences. Darwiniana, nueva serie 10(2): 527-536. Asplenium (Aspleniaceae) is taxonomically one of the most complex fern genera with about 700 species, nearly cosmopolitan in distribution. In Argentina, Asplenium constitutes the most species- rich fern genus, with 38 taxa. Among these species, the delimitation of Asplenium achalense remain poorly understood. Some authors consider A. serra as a variant of A. achalense, or even the last species has been considered as a complex of species. The finding of a population of Asplenium achalense in Yungas after three decades without observations in the wild and neither registering more recently herbarium specimens, made it possible to analyse living material and observe new diagnostic characters present in rachises and laminae scales, glandular hairs in petioles and rachises along with spore wall features, that are critical to delimitate A. achalense as a well-defined taxon, endemics of north-west to central Argentina.

ABSTRACT As part of floristic surveys in the Southern Cone of South America and the Flora do Brasil 2020 project, we present a revision of Osmundaceae in Brazil. Osmundaceae is represented by two genera (Osmundastrum and Osmunda) and three species. One of them, Osmunda piresii, is endemic to the savannas of Central Brazil, occurring in the states of Goiás, Minas Gerais, and Mato Grosso. Osmunda gracilis is synonymized under Osmunda spectabilis. We present a dichotomous key, descriptions, diagnostic illustrations, distributions, and notes on taxonomy and ecology.

Abstract We provide a map and shapefile of the 57 biogeographic provinces of the Neotropical region. Recognition of these provinces is based on their endemic species, but their delimitation on the map is based on ecoregions combining climatic, geological, and biotic criteria. These provinces belong to the Antillean, Brazilian and Chacoan subregions, and the Mexican and South American transition zones. We provide a vector file of the biogeographical regionalization by converting the map into a polygon shapefile and a raster file with all provinces.

A list of ferns and lycophytes from Ferradura Park, a private park located in Canela, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil is presented. The park has an area of 400 ha with forest formations such as Araucaria Forest, Mixed Ombrophilous Forest and Seasonal Deciduous Forest, with transition zones and areas at different stages of regeneration. We found 56 species (five lycophytes and 51 ferns) in Ferradura Park. Lycophytes are represented by two families (Lycopodiaceae and Selaginellaceae) and four genera, while 11 families and 33 genera were recorded for ferns. Most of the species are exclusively terrestrial (39 spp.). The predominant life form is hemicriptophytic with rosulate growth (27 spp.). Phlegmariurus heterocarpon, Polytaenium lineatum and Vittaria lineata are considered locally rare. The area presents 15% of the species richness of the State of Rio Grande do Sul including rare species, which highlights the importance of implementing effective actions for the continuing Park conservation.

Se presenta un listado de helechos y licofitas del Parque Ferradura, un parque pri- vado ubicado en Canela, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Posee un área de 400ha y pre senta las formaciones boscosas Bosque de Araucaria, el Bosque Mixto Umbrófilo y el Bosque Deciduo Estacional, con lugares de transición y áreas en diverso estado de regeneración. Hemos encontrado 56 especies (cinco licofitas y 51 helechos) en el Parque Ferradura. Las licofitas están representadas por dos familias (Lycopodiaceae y Selaginellaceae) y cuatro géneros, mientras que para helechos se registraron 11 familias y 33 géneros. La mayoría de las especies son exclusivamente terrestres (39 especies). La forma de vida predominante son las hemicriptofitas con crecimiento rosulado (27 especies). Phlegmariurus heterocarpon, Polytaenium lineatum y Vittaria linea ta son consideradas especies raras a nivel local. El área presenta el 15% de la riqueza de especies de licofitas y helechos del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, incluyendo las especies raras, lo que resalta la importancia de la implementación de las necesidades de acciones efectivas para la conservación continua del Parque.

In the ninetieth anniversary of the death of Miguel Lillo, this paper presents a summary of the important botanical contributions made by such emblematic figure representing the natural sciences in the province of Tucuman, Argentina. A specific bibliographic search of Miguel Lillo´s biographies and online database consultations were carried out. A list of currently accepted species described by Lillo along with plant and fungal taxa dedicated in honor of the memory of this great sage is provided.

En el nonagésimo aniversario del fallecimiento de Miguel Lillo, el presente trabajo brinda una síntesis de la importancia de las contribuciones botánicas, generadas por una figura emblemática que representa a las Ciencias Naturales en la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica específica sobre Miguel Lillo, biografías y consulta de bases de datos en línea. Se da a conocer una lista de especies descriptas por Lillo validadas actualmente y taxones de plantas y hongos en honor a la memoria del gran sabio.

Pteris cretica L. var. laeta is recorded for the first time in the Comechingones biogeographic province in central Argentina. This is the first record of P. cretica in central Argentina, and P. cretica var. laeta for the country. Until now Pteris cretica has only been known to occur, in America, in North America (Florida), Central America and South America in Neotropical biomes from Peru, Chile, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina as established in the Yungas biogeographic province, and as ruderal in Buenos Aires. An updated description is provided, along with pictures, differences with P. cretica var. cretica, and characteristic of the novel habitat of the species and variety.

Se registra por primera vez a Pteris cretica L. var. laeta en la provincia biogeográfica Comechingones, en Argentina central. Este constituye el primer registro de P. cretica en Argentina central y de P. cretica var. laeta para el país. Hasta el momento Pteris cretica ha sido registrado, en América, en Norteamérica (Florida), América central y Sudamérica en los biomas neotropicales de Perú, Chile, Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay y el norte de Argentina, establecido en la provincia biogeográfica de las Yungas, así como ruderal en Buenos Aires. Se provee una descripción actualizada, además de fotografías, diferencias con P. cretica var. cretica y características del nuevo hábitat para la especie y variedad.

Abstract González, A.; V. A. O. Dittrich & M. D. Arana. 2020. Telmatoblechnum (Blechnaceae): a new genus for the Uruguayan flora. Darwiniana, nueva serie 8(2): 525-529. Telmatoblechnum, with the species Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Blechnaceae), is recorded for the first time for the Uruguayan flora. The species, so far known from southern Brazil and Northeastern Argentina as its southernmost distribution limit, was collected for the first time in crevices between rocks of basalt and sandstone in a small hill in Uruguay (Rivera). Its morphological characteristics and the novel habitat for the species are included; photographs, a map with the location of the new record, as well as a key to the genera of Blechnaceae in Uruguay are provided.

Resumen González, A.; V. A. O. Dittrich & M. D. Arana. 2020. Telmatoblechnum (Blechnaceae): un nuevo género para la flora uruguaya. Darwiniana, nueva serie 8(2): 525-529. Telmatoblechnum, con la especie Telmatoblechnum serrulatum (Blechnaceae), es registrado por primera vez para la flora uruguaya. La especie, conocida hasta ahora para el sur de Brasil y noreste de Argentina como su límite sur de distribución, fue colectada por primera vez en hendiduras entre rocas de basalto y arenisca en un pequeño cerro en Uruguay (Rivera). Se incluyen sus características morfológicas y el hábitat novedoso para la especie; se presentan además fotografías, un mapa con la localización del nuevo registro, así como una clave para los géneros de Blechnaceae en Uruguay.

The galls are structures formed of plant tissues in response to the activity of different types of organisms, especially by insects. As a consequence of an intimate relationship with their host plants, most of these insects have a very narrow host range. In this study we report for the first time the occurrence of galls on Microgramma mortoniana (Polypodiaceae). Morphological characteristics and field observations are presented. The study was carried out in a seasonal semi-deciduous forest fragment, located in the São João do Oeste municipality, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. The galls present a fusiform shape and similar indument to the rhizome. In the region of occurrence of the galls, a widening of the rhizome was observed, reaching an average of 9 mm (±1mm), whereas in a rhizome with normal growth the width is 4 (±1 mm). The gall is unicameral, with the following dimensions: 7 mm (±1 mm) x 2 (±1 mm). The larvae observed into the chamber are about 0,7 mm long, being representative of the species Tortrimosaica polypodivora (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). In all cases, the rhizomes with galls do not presented continuous development and, consequently, the rhizome has its limit of growth defined by the occurrence of the gall. As the galling insect is the same that Microgramma squamulosa, we discuss briefly the differences between both species.

Las agallas son estructuras formadas por tejidos vegetales en respuesta a la actividad de diferentes tipos de organismos, especialmente insectos. Como consecuencia de la Ãntima relación con sus plantas hospedadoras, la mayorÃa de estos insectos tienen un rango muy definido de huéspedes. En este estudio reportamos por primera vez la aparición de agallas en Microgramma mortoniana (Polypodiaceae). Se presentan caracterÃsticas morfológicas y observaciones de campo. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un fragmento de bosque semi-caducifolio estacional, ubicado en el municipio de Sao João do Oeste, Santa Catarina, sur de Brasil. Las agallas presentan una forma fusiforme e indumento similar al rizoma. En la zona de aparición de las agallas, se observó un ensanchamiento del rizoma, alcanzando un promedio de 9 mm (± 1 mm), mientras que un rizoma con crecimiento normal el diámetro es 4 (± 1 mm). La agalla es unicameral, con las siguientes dimensiones: 7 mm (± 1 mm) x 2 (± 1 mm). Las larvas observadas en la cámara tienen aproximadamente 0.7 mm de largo, perteneciendo a la especie Tortrimosaica polypodivora (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). En todos los casos, los rizomas con agallas no presentan una continuidad de desarrollo y, en consecuencia, el rizoma tiene su lÃmite de crecimiento definido por la aparición de la agalla. Debido a que el insecto galÃcola es el mismo que en Microgramma squamulosa, discutimos brevemente la validez de ambas especies.