Abstract A term female newborn weighing 4190 g was born by cesarean section due to prolonged labor and meconium-stained fluid in a regional hospital in Guinea-Bissau. Bag-mask ventilation was required, and Apgar scores were six and eight at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. On the third day of life, the newborn presented with erythematous and indurated plaques on the axillary region, posterior trunk, buttocks, and thighs, as well as irritability. The clinical diagnosis of subcutaneous fat necrosis (SCFN) was established. Due to the very limited availability of bloods tests in the considered hospital setting, it was not possible to monitor blood calcium levels. The newborn was discharged on day ten, with clinical improvement. These cases are usually self-limited, but their management can be difficult without adequate resources. Still, SCFN should be diagnosed and managed to the best of available resources.

Resumo Um recém-nascido de termo do sexo feminino com 4190 g nasceu por cesariana devido a trabalho de parto prolongado e líquido amniótico com mecónio num hospital regional da Guiné-Bissau. Foi necessária ventilação com insuflador e máscara e o índice de Apgar foi de seis e oito ao primeiro e quinto minutos, respetivamente. No terceiro dia de vida, o recém-nascido apresentou placas duras e eritematosas na região axilar, dorso, região glútea e coxas acompanhadas de irritabilidade e foi colocada a hipótese diagnóstica de necrose gorda subcutânea (NGS). Devido ao facto de os recursos neste contexto serem muito limitados, não foi possível monitorizar os níveis de cálcio. O recém-nascido teve alta ao décimo dia de vida, com melhoria clínica. Estes casos são habitualmente autolimitados, mas a sua abordagem pode ser difícil sem os recursos adequados. Ainda assim, a NGS deve ser diagnosticada e orientada da melhor forma possível perante os recursos disponíveis.

Resumo: Analisamos a sobreposição da distribuição de Pygochelidon melanoleuca no Brasil com hidrelétricas ativas e planejadas no país (cenário atual e futuro). Utilizamos os algoritmos Random Forest, Maxent e Support Vector Machine para modelar a distribuição potencial da espécie, então sobrepomos com os locais das usinas hidrelétricas ativas e planejadas para calcular o quanto a área potencial desta espécie é e será afetada por elas. Aproximadamente 35% das hidrelétricas ativas estão sobrepostas com a área de distribuição potencial de P. melanoleuca e 44% das hidrelétricas planejadas coincidem com sua área. Se a implementação das hidrelétricas planejadas ocorrer, o habitat necessário para nidificação e forrageamento de P. melanoleuca estarão severamente comprometidos.

Abstract: We analyzed the overlap of the range of Pygochelidon melanoleuca in Brazil with active and planned hydropower plants in the country (current and future scenarios). We used the Random Forest, Maxent and Support Vector Machine algorithms to model the potential range of the species, which we then overlapped with the locations of active and planned hydropower plants in order to calculate how much the potential area of this species is and will be affected by them. Approximately 35% of active hydropower plants currently overlap with the potential distribution area of P. melanoleuca, and 44% of planned hydropower plants also coincide with this area. If the implementation of the planned hydropower plants occurs, the suitable habitat necessary for nesting and foraging of P. melanoleuca will be severely compromised.

ABSTRACT In order to know the opinion of the first grade representatives before the implementation of distance strategies at Escuela Básica “Veinticuatro de Julio”, Santa Elena, Ecuador due to the COVID-19, a non-experimental, descriptive and exploratory study was developed, applying a Likert type questionnaire sent via email and smartphone applications. It was obtained that the representatives consider that distance education is not the best strategy because students are not adequately learning although they have complied with homework, there are also economic limitations to access technological resources.

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de conocer la opinión de los representantes del primer grado ante la implementación de estrategias a distancia en la Escuela Básica “Veinticuatro de Julio”, Santa Elena, Ecuador debido al COVID-19, se desarrolló un estudio no experimental, descriptivo y exploratorio, aplicando un cuestionario tipo Likert enviado a través de correo electrónico y aplicaciones telefónicas. Se obtuvo que los representantes consideran que la educación a distancia no es la mejor estrategia porque los estudiantes no están aprendiendo adecuadamente aunque se ha dado cumplimiento a la realización de las tareas, además existen limitantes económicas para acceder a medios tecnológicos.

Abstract The Amazon region has shown commercial potential for native mushroom species, such as mushrooms produced by the Yanomami people, who already sell more than 10 Amazon species. Among the species collected and consumed by the Yanomami people is Favolus brasiliensis (Fr.) Fr. (Basidiomycota: Polyporaceae), which occurs naturally in tropical areas of Central and South America. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out the bromatological characterization of F. brasiliensis, contributing to a better understanding of the nutritional and food potential, as well as registering the natural occurrence of the species in the Cerrado biome and in the state of Goiás. The F. brasiliensis mushrooms collected in the present study showed an average of 7.4% humidity, 27% crude protein, 1.5% ether extract, 17% crude fiber, and 1.7% mineral matter. Compared with other species of edible mushrooms, both wild and cultivated, the moisture content of F. brasiliensis (93.60%) is low for species of the genus Pleurotus. For example, the humidity varies from 87% to more than 90%, similar to that found in Lentinus crinitus, another mushroom native to Brazil and also consumed by the Yanomami people. Thus, F. brasiliensis has the potential to be used in human foods.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate how sociodemographic conditions, political factors, organizational confidence, and non-pharmaceutical interventions compliance affect the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. METHODS: Data collection took place between November 25th, 2020 and January 11th, 2021 using a nationwide online survey. Subsequently, the researches performed a descriptive analysis on the main variables and used logistic regression models to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: Less concern over vaccine side effects could improve the willingness to be vaccinated (probability changed by 7.7 pp; p < 0.10). The current vaccine distrust espoused by the Brazilian president is associated with vaccine hesitancy, among his voter base. Lower performance perception (“Very Bad” with 10.7 pp; p < 0.01) or higher political opposition (left-oriented) regarding the current presidency is associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. Higher compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is usually positively associated with the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine (+1 score to NPI compliance index is associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated by 1.4 pp, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Willingness to be vaccinated is strongly associated with political leaning, perceived federal government performance, vaccine side effects, and compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To investigate how sociodemographic conditions, political factors, organizational confidence, and non-pharmaceutical interventions compliance affect the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. METHODS: Data collection took place between November 25th, 2020 and January 11th, 2021 using a nationwide online survey. Subsequently, the researches performed a descriptive analysis on the main variables and used logistic regression models to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: Less concern over vaccine side effects could improve the willingness to be vaccinated (probability changed by 7.7 pp; p < 0.10). The current vaccine distrust espoused by the Brazilian president is associated with vaccine hesitancy, among his voter base. Lower performance perception (“Very Bad” with 10.7 pp; p < 0.01) or higher political opposition (left-oriented) regarding the current presidency is associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. Higher compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is usually positively associated with the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine (+1 score to NPI compliance index is associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated by 1.4 pp, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Willingness to be vaccinated is strongly associated with political leaning, perceived federal government performance, vaccine side effects, and compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).

Objectives: This study explored the: i) correlations between the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and its short-versions (Mini-BESTest and Brief-BESTest), with functional ability, gait speed, physical activity, and health-related quality of life; ii) ability of the Five Times Sit to Stand (5STS), 10 Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQoL-Bref) to identify the prior history of falls in community-dwelling older people. Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted with healthy older people living in the community. Balance (BESTest and its short versions), functional ability (5STS), gait speed (10MWT), physical activity (BPAAT), and health-related quality of life (WHOQoL-Bref) were assessed. Spearman correlation coefficient and receiver operating characteristics analysis were calculated. Results: One hundred and eighteen individuals (76[69-83.3] years; n=79, 66.9% female) participated in this study. Correlations between balance and functional ability (-0.61< r < -0.51, p<0.001), gait speed (0.69 < r < 0.78, p<0.001), physical activity (0.39 < r < 0.42, p<0.001) and health-related quality of life (0.28 < r < 0.57, p≤0.002) were identified. The following cutoff points to differentiate between prior history of falls were established: 80.5 points for the BESTest, 16.5 points for the Mini-BESTest and 12.5 points for the Brief-BESTest, 13.5s for the 5STS, 1.2m/s for the 10MWT, 1.5 points for the BPAAT and 14.5/66; 14.5/66; 14/62.5; 15.5/72 points for domains I, II, III and IV, respectively, of the WHOQoL-Bref 0-20/100. Conclusion: The BESTest and its short versions correlated with functional ability, gait speed, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older people. These outcomes can differentiate prior history of falls in community-dwelling older people.

O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar a avaliação de uma intervenção intersectorial em indicadores de saúde de adolescentes de uma região de fronteira. Estudo multicêntrico de intervenção, realizado em uma região de tríplice fronteira entre Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina. A intervenção da estratégia “Caiu na rede” ocorreu durante o período de 2017 a 2019 com uma amostra de 880 adolescentes. Neste artigo apresentaremos análises que foram realizadas posteriormente para identificar o impacto da estratégia, usando a um modelo de estimativa difference-in-difference (DiD). A avaliação do impacto da intervenção nas variáveis de interesse, demonstraram que a estratégia apresentou resultados significativos nos indicadores de uso de cannabis, uso de álcool, uso de tabaco, conexão parental, regulação parental, atividade física e solidão.

The aim of this paper is to present the evaluation of an intersectoral intervention in adolescent health indicators from a border region. Multicenter intervention study conducted in a triple border region between Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. The intervention of the “Caiunarede” strategy occurred during the period from 2017 to 2019 with a sample of 880 adolescents, In this paper we will present analyzes that were performed later to identify the impact of the strategy, using a difference-in-difference (DID) estimation model. Asessment of the impact of the intervention on the variables of interest showed that the strategy yielded significant results in indicators of cannabis use, alcohol use, tobacco use, parental connection, parental regulation, physical activity and lonely.

Objective to discuss the invisibility of the transvestite person in health institutions based on the social representations of nurses. Method qualitative research with a theoretical-methodological approach of social representations that conducted a semi-structured interview with 20 nurses registered in postgraduate courses at a public university. The collected information was processed through the Iramuteq software, which generated the Hierarchical Descending Classification with five classes. Results in the representational content, the invisibility of transvestites is implicated in the way health professionals perceive the need/possibility of occupation of these spaces, especially those who offer primary care. Conclusion the social representations of the surveyed nurses revealed meanings for invisibility, exclusion, difficulties in care and care dispensation for transvestites in health institutions. The invisibility identified in the nurses’ representations occurs by the way health professionals perceive the need/possibility to occupy these spaces.

Objetivo discutir la invisibilidad de la persona travesti en las instituciones de salud sobre la base de las representaciones sociales de las enfermeras. Método investigación cualitativa con un enfoque teórico-metodológico de las representaciones sociales que realizó una entrevista semiestructurada con 20 enfermeras matriculados en cursos de postgrado en una universidad pública. La información recopilada se procesó a través del software Iramuteq, que generó la Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente con cinco clases. Resultados se identificó, en el contenido representativo, que la invisibilidad de los travestis está implicada en la forma en que las profesionales de la salud perciben la necesidad/posibilidad de ocupación de estos espacios, especialmente aquellos que ofrecen atención primaria. Conclusión las representaciones sociales de las enfermeras investigadas revelaron significados para la invisibilidad, exclusión, dificultades en la atención y dispensación de cuidados para travestis en instituciones de salud. La invisibilidad identificada en las representaciones de las enfermeras se produce por la forma en que las profesionales de la salud perciben la necesidad/posibilidad de ocupar estos espacios.

Objetivo discutir a invisibilidade da pessoa travesti em instituições de saúde com base nas representações sociais de enfermeiras. Método pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem téorica-metodológica das representações sociais que realizou entrevista semiestruturada com 20 enfermeiras matriculadas em cursos de pós-graduação de uma universidade pública. As informações coletadas foram processadas por meio do software Iramuteq, que gerou a Classificação Descendente Hierárquica com cinco classes. Resultados identificou-se, no conteúdo representacional, que a invisibilidade das travestis está implicada no modo como profissionais de saúde percebem a necessidade/possibilidade de ocupação desses espaços, principalmente aqueles que ofertam atenção básica. Conclusão as representações sociais das enfermeiras investigadas revelaram sentidos para a invisibilidade, exclusão, dificuldades no atendimento e dispensa de cuidados às travestis em instituições de saúde. A invisibilidade identificada nas representações das enfermeiras ocorre pelo modo como profissionais de saúde percebem a necessidade/possibilidade de ocupar esses espaços.

Resumo Córregos de baixa ordem localizados perto de áreas urbanas geralmente recebem águas residuais domésticas, industriais e agrícolas que afetam negativamente a qualidade da água do rio. Além disso, a poluição da água está associada à variações do uso da terra ao redor do rio, caracterizada pela urbanização não planejada, atividades agrícolas intensas e desmatamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi correlacionar o padrão de uso do solo com a qualidade físico-química e o potencial genotóxico da água em quatro pontos (P1 a P4) ao longo do rio Extrema, localizado em uma área industrial e agrícola do Brasil Central. Análises físico-químicas indicaram que a água coletada no rio Extrema é inadequada para consumo humano. Usando o modelo de Allium cepa, nenhuma evidência de citotoxicidade foi observada em nenhum momento; por outro lado, foi observado o potencial genotóxico dessas amostras de água. A correlação desses resultados com o uso do solo mostrou que a água coletada no P3 foi a mais contaminada; isso é provável devido ao influxo de águas residuais municipais e industriais e de águas residuais das atividades agrícolas. Resultados diferentes foram observados para P2 e P4, onde a análise do uso do solo atribuiu a qualidade da água às queimadas na floresta. Concluímos que diferentes usos do solo alteraram as características da água do rio e que os resultados obtidos pelo teste com A. cepa estavam mais relacionados às características do uso do solo do que aos parâmetros físico-químicos. Este estudo destaca a importância de associar o uso do solo ao potencial citogenotóxico da água.

Abstract Low-order streams located near urban areas usually receive domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters that negatively affect river water quality. Additionally, water pollution is associated with land-use variations around the river, which is characterized by unplanned urbanization, intense agricultural activities, and deforestation. This work correlated land-use patterns with physicochemical quality and genotoxic potential of water at four points (P1 to P4) along the Extrema River, located in an industrial and agricultural area of Central Brazil. Physicochemical analyses indicated that the water collected from the Extrema River is inappropriate for human consumption. Using the Allium cepa model, no evidence of cytotoxicity was observed at any point; in contrast, the genotoxic potential of these water samples was observed. The correlation of these results with land use showed that the water collected at P3 was the most contaminated; this is probably due to the inflow of wastewater from municipal, industrial, and agriculture activities. Different results were observed for P2 and P4, where land-use analysis attributed the water quality to forest burns. We concluded that differential use of the land changed the characteristics of the associated river water, and A. cepa parameters were more related to land-use characteristics than to physicochemical parameters. This study highlighted the importance of associating land use with the cyto genotoxic potential of water.

RESUMO Mudanças nas características ambientais podem influenciar o uso do habitat por aves, afetando o número de indivíduos, a riqueza de espécies e alterando a composição de espécies e estrutura funcional das assembleias. Medidas que avaliam a estrutura funcional de assembléias biológicas constituem uma ferramenta complementar à abordagem taxonômica, pois quantificam as diferenças entre as espécies através de seus atributos funcionais. Nós acessamos o efeito de variáveis ambientais sobre a diversidade taxonômica (riqueza, composição de espécies e número de indivíduos) e estrutura funcional (riqueza funcional, equabilidade funcional, diversidade funcional e média dos atributos ponderada pelas abundâncias) de assembleias de aves no norte do estado de Mato Grosso. Amostramos aves em 32 parcelas. Em cada parcela as aves foram capturadas usando redes de neblina e oito variáveis ambientais foram mensuradas: abertura de dossel, volume de serapilheira, elevação, número de árvores em três classe de DAP, teor de argila no solo e distância ao riacho mais próximo. Para avaliar a estrutura funcional nós tomamos sete medidas morfológicas de cada espécie de aves. Encontramos um efeito significativo das variáveis do habitat sobre a diversidade taxonômica, porém, a estrutura funcional, de maneira geral, não foi afetada. Elevação e distância ao riacho mais próximo foram as variáveis que direcionaram as mudanças na diversidade taxonômica e tiveram um pequeno efeito na riqueza funcional. As demais métricas de estrutura funcional não foram afetadas significativamente pelo conjunto de variáveis ambientais. Nossos resultados sugerem que a assembleia estudada exibe certa tolerância funcional (redundância) à variação ambiental em pequena escala, implicando em alguma resiliência à modificação do ecossistema.

ABSTRACT Changes in environmental characteristics can affect habitat use by birds, impacting the number of individuals, number of species, and changing species composition and functional structure of assemblages. Metrics that evaluate the functional structure of biological assemblages constitute a complementary tool to the traditional taxonomic approach, because they quantify the differences between species by means of functional traits. We assessed the effect of environmental characteristics on the taxonomic diversity (species richness, species composition and number of individuals) and functional structure (functional richness, functional evenness, Rao’s functional diversity, and community-weighted mean traits) of bird assemblages in northern Mato Grosso state, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. We sampled birds in 32 plots. At each plot birds were captured using mist nets, and eight environmental variables were measured: canopy openness, leaf litter, elevation, number of trees in three classes of DBH, soil clay content, and distance to nearest stream. To evaluate functional structure, we measured seven morphological traits from individuals of each bird species. Habitat variables had a significant effect on taxonomic diversity. However, the general functional structure was not affected. Elevation and distance to nearest stream were the main variables driving changes in taxonomic diversity and had a minor effect on functional richness. The other metrics of functional structure were not significantly affected by the set of environmental variables. Our results suggest that the sampled bird assemblages exhibit some functional tolerance (redundancy) to small-scale environmental variation, implying certain resilience to ecosystem modification.

Resumo Objetivo: Examinar as diferenças entre mães de múltiplos prematuros e mães de filhos únicos prematuros a respeito de estresse percebido e sintomas psicológicos maternos e explorar o efeito adverso amplificado putativo da desvantagem socioeconômica. Método: Participaram deste estudo transversal 95 mães de crianças de um ano nascidas prematuras. A coleta de dados foi feita em dois hospitais públicos do norte de Portugal. Para avaliar o estresse diário percebido e os sintomas psicológicos maternos, as mães responderam dois questionários. As mães relataram fatores socioeconômicos, incluindo pobreza familiar, desemprego dos pais e baixo nível de escolaridade, e foram criados dois grupos de desvantagem socioeconômica familiar. Foi calculado um índice de risco médico infantil. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as mães de múltiplos prematuros relataram maiores níveis de estresse do que as mães de filhos únicos prematuros. Além disso e especificamente com relação ao funcionamento psicológico, as mães de múltiplos prematuros relataram mais sintomas do que as mães de filhos únicos prematuros, porém apenas quando moravam em um contexto de adversidade socioeconômica. Conclusões: Os resultados deste estudo possuem importantes implicações para a prática. As mães de múltiplos prematuros apresentam maior risco de dificuldades de saúde mental, em comparação a mães de filhos únicos, principalmente quando expostas a adversidades socioeconômicas. O desenvolvimento de programas de intervenção psicossocial e políticas públicas é de importância decisiva ao ajudar as mães de filhos múltiplos a se ajustarem à maternidade.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine the differences between mothers of preterm multiples and mothers of preterm singletons regarding perceived stress and maternal psychological symptoms, and to explore the putative adverse amplified effect of socioeconomic disadvantage. Method: Ninety-five mothers of 1-year-olds born preterm participated in this cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out in two public hospitals from Northern Portugal. To assess maternal perceived daily stress and psychological symptoms, mothers completed two questionnaires. Mothers reported on socioeconomic factors, including family poverty, parent unemployment, and low education, and two groups of family socioeconomic disadvantage were created. A child medical risk index was calculated. Results: Results indicated that mothers of preterm multiples reported higher levels of stress than mothers of preterm singletons. Moreover, and specifically regarding psychological functioning, mothers of preterm multiples reported more symptoms than mothers of preterm singletons, but only when living in a context of socioeconomic adversity. Conclusions: The results of the present study have important implications for practice. Mothers of preterm multiples are at higher risk to present mental health difficulties, in comparison to mothers of singletons, especially when exposed to socioeconomic adversities. The development of psychosocial intervention programs and public policies are of decisive importance in helping mothers of multiples adjust to parenthood.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é estabelecer valores normativos relacionados com a idade e o género para o Balance Evaluation System Test (BESTest), Mini-BESTest, Brief-BESTest, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test e Usual Gait Speed (UGS) para a população idosa Portuguesa, saudável, entre os 60 e os 89 anos. Tipo de estudo: Realizou-se um estudo transversal exploratório. Local: Portugal. População: Pessoas idosas Portuguesas, saudáveis, com idades entre os 60 e os 89 anos. Métodos: Os participantes foram recrutados na comunidade. Os dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos e de informação clínica geral foram recolhidos através de um questionário estruturado baseado na Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde. O equilíbrio foi avaliado com os BESTest, o Mini-BESTest e o Brief-BESTest, a mobilidade com a TUG e a velocidade da marcha com os seis metros da UGS. Os valores normativos foram reportados por décadas de idade (60-69; 70-79 e 80-89 anos) e por género. Resultados: Cento e treze pessoas idosas saudáveis (75,8±8,9 anos; 70,5% feminino) participaram neste estudo. A média do BESTest (86,5±15,6; 82,6±14,5; 72,6±15,0), Mini-BESTest (22,4±6,3; 21,6±5,9; 16,2±6,2), Brief-BESTest (17,5±6,3; 16,0±6,0; 10,2±5,5) e UGS (122,3±46,8cm/s; 116,6±47,3cm/s; 73,8±32,6cm/s) diminuíram, enquanto a média da TUG (8,9±2,8s; 9,5±4,0s; 16,8±5,3s) aumentou com o avançar da idade. O sexo feminino apresentou piores resultados. A média de todas as medidas foi significativamente diferente entre grupos de idade e género (p<,05). Conclusões: Este estudo fornece valores normativos para o BESTest, Mini-BESTest, Brief-BESTest, TUG e UGS, que podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de intervenções específicas para melhorar o equilíbrio, mobilidade e velocidade da marcha em pessoas idosas Portuguesas, saudáveis, que vivem na comunidade.

Objective: This study aimed to establish age and gender-related normative values for the Balance Evaluation System Test (BESTest), Mini-BESTest, Brief-BESTest, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Usual Gait Speed (UGS) for Portuguese healthy older people aged 60 to 89 years. Design: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted. Local: Portugal. Population: Portuguese healthy older people aged 60 to 89 years. Methods: Participants were recruited from the community. Socio-demographic, anthropometric and general clinical data were collected with a structured questionnaire based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Balance was assessed with the BESTest, Mini-BESTest and Brief-BESTest, mobility with the TUG and gait speed with the six meters UGS. Normative scores were reported by age decades (60-69; 70-79 and 80-89 years old) and gender. Results: One hundred and thirteen healthy older people (75.8±8.9 years; 70.5% female) participated in this study. Mean scores for the BESTest (86.5±15.6; 82.6±14.5; 72.6±15.0), Mini-BESTest (22.4±6.3; 21.6±5.9; 16.2±6.2), Brief-BESTest (17.5±6.3; 16.0±6.0; 10.2±5.5) and UGS (122.3±46.8cm/s; 116.6±47.3cm/s; 73.8±32.6cm/s) decreased whereas TUG (8.9±2.8s; 9.5±4.0s; 16.8±5.3s) increased as age advanced. Female presented worse results than male. Mean scores of all measures were significantly different among age and gender groups (p<.05). Conclusions: This study provides normative values of BESTest, Mini-BESTest, Brief-BESTest, TUG and UGS, which may contribute to develop tailored interventions to improve balance, mobility and gait speed in Portuguese healthy older people living in the community.

En este trabajo se presenta información sobre la riqueza de especies y abundancia de Euglossini en la zona de transición entre el Cerrado y la selva amazónica, en la cuenca del río Xingu. Las muestras se recogieron en un fragmento de bosque en el municipio de Ribeirão Cascalheira, nordeste de Mato Grosso, Brasil, entre el 1 y 5 de noviembre de 2011. Las sustancias puras de benzoato de bencilo, 1,8 cineol, eugenol y la vainillina fueron utilizadas como cebos para atraer los machos usando red de insectos aunque el salicilato de metilo se utilizó en trampas pasivas. Un total de 168 machos pertenecientes a cuatro géneros fueron registrados, distribuidos en 16 especies. La mayor riqueza de especies se registró en el género Euglossa, aunque Eulaema nigrita fue la especie más abundante en la comunidad. La riqueza de especies varió entre el borde y el primer punto dentro del fragmento. Los machos de abejas de orquídeas eran más activos entre 10:00-11:00 h, y el 1,8 cineol fue la sustancia pura más atractiva. El fragmento estudiado contenía un alto grado de riqueza de especies de abejas de orquídeas en una región de heterogeneidad ambiental extensa, que sigue siendo en gran parte desconocido con relación a su fauna de insectos polinizadores y merece la atención para la elaboración de nuevos inventarios.

This paper presents information about the species richness and abundance of orchid bees in the transitional area between the Cerrado and the Amazon Forest in the Xingu river basin. The males were collected in a forest fragment in the municipality of Ribeirão Cascalheira, northeast Mato Grosso state, Brazil, between 1 and 5 November 2011. Benzyl benzoate, 1.8 cineole, eugenol and vanillin were used as baits, to attract the bees using insect nets and methyl salicylate was used only in the bottle traps. A total of 168 males belonged to four of five Euglossini genera distributed among 16 species were recorded. The greatest species richness was registered in the genus Euglossa, however Eulaema nigrita, was the most abundant Euglossine species in the community. The species richness varied between the edge and the first point within the fragment. The males were more active between 10:00 and 11:00 h, and the 1.8 cineole was the most attractive substance. The fragment studied contained representative species richness of orchid bees in a region of widespread environmental heterogeneity, which is still largely unknown as regards its pollinators and deserves attention for the compilation of new inventories.

Objetivo Avaliar os fatores de risco e as comorbidades associadas ao desenvolvimento de pneumonia em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) agudo. Determinar os preditores independentes de pneumonia. Método Estudo retrospectivo, realizado entre julho e dezembro de 2011. Foi revisado todos os prontuários dos pacientes com diagnóstico de AVC. Resultados 159 pacientes (18-90 anos) foram admitidos. A incidência de pneumonia foi de 32%. A incidência de pneumonia foi maior em pacientes com AVC hemorrágico (OR: 4,36; IC95%: 1,9-10,01, p < 0,001) e em pessoas com escore alto National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (p = 0,047) e escores mais baixos da Escala de Coma de Glasgow (ECG) (p < 0,0001). Os pacientes com pneumonia tiveram maior tempo de internação (p < 0,0001). A análise de regressão logística identificou apenas o NIHSS como um preditor independente de pneumonia (IC95%: 1,049-1,246, p = 0,002). Conclusão O diagnóstico de pneumonia foi associado a tipo e gravidade do AVC e com tempo de hospitalização. A gravidade do déficit, avaliada pela escala NIHSS mostrou ser o único fator de risco independente para pneumonia em pacientes com AVC agudo.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors and comorbid conditions associated with the development of pneumonia in patients with acute stroke. To determine the independent predictors of pneumonia. Method Retrospective study from July to December 2011. We reviewed all medical charts with diagnosis of stroke. Results 159 patients (18-90 years) were admitted. Prevalence of pneumonia was 32%. Pneumonia was more frequent in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (OR: 4.36; 95%CI: 1.9-10.01, p < 0.001), higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (p = 0.047) and, lower Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) (p < 0.0001). Patients with pneumonia had longer hospitalization (p < 0.0001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified NIHSS as an independent predictor of pneumonia (95%CI: 1.049-1.246, p = 0.002). Conclusion Pneumonia was associated with severity and type of stroke and length of hospital stay. The severity of the deficit as evaluated by the NIHSS was shown to be the only independent risk factor for pneumonia in acute stroke patients.