The properties of the super duplex stainless steels (SDSS) are strongly affected by the thermal history imposed by welding procedures. The controlled dual phase microstructure (ferrite and austenite) guarantee excellent mechanical properties such as mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, in addition to small thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal conductivity. In this paper, we newly proposed a model able to predict the thermal history of the welding pieces coupled with local mechanical properties developed during welding procedure that combine the effects of temperature and phase changes during welding. We applied inverse method to fit the thermophysical parameters based on measured data. The model was verified by comparing measured and predicted temperature profiles using thermocouples located within the heat affected zone. Thus, an inverse method was implemented to obtain the parameters fitting for the grain growth evolution compatible with the final microstructure and grain size measured using SEM images and stereological techniques. We demonstrated that very small amount of non-equilibrium deleterious phases and nanosized precipitated are expected during the welding procedures depending upon the local conditions of temperature, compositions and alloying dilution evolutions.

Resumo Este trabalho constitui um estudo dos vergalhões CA-50 da classe dos aços SAE 1026. Para um melhor controle das propriedades mecânicas da junta soldada foi realizado este estudo, o conhecimento de certas variáveis é de grande importância para encontrar os parâmetros ideais de soldagem, e os respectivos resultados microestruturais e consequentemente sobre as propriedades mecânicas da junta soldada. Para realização deste estudo foi realizado um estudo do material como recebido para a fixação de uma base sólida de comparação. Foi realizada a soldagem do material utilizando como gás de proteção argônio com 20% de dióxido de carbono, o arame utilizado foi o cobreado ER70S-6, as juntas soldadas foram do tipo transpasse com monitoramento de temperatura através de termopares para dois aportes térmicos distintos. Um código numérico computacional foi desenvolvido para simular os fenômenos que ocorrem no processo (gradiente de temperatura, transformações de fases, transferência de calor). As juntas soldadas não apresentaram martensita como fase frágil, o metal de solda apresentou estrutura dendrítica, a ZTA apresentou duas regiões distintas com tamanhos de grão diferentes tudo isso devido ao gradiente de temperatura, que também originou características distintas do cordão de solda, ZTA, fases formadas e tamanhos de grão distintos.

Abstract This work is a study of rebar CA-50 class of steels SAE 1026. To better control the mechanical properties of the weld was carried out this study, knowledge of certain variables is very important to find the optimal parameters of welding, and the results microstructure and therefore on the mechanical properties of the welded joint. For this study was conducted a study of the material as received for establishing a solid basis for comparison. Welding the material using argon as protective gas of 20% carbon dioxide was performed, the wire used was ER70S-6 coppered, welded joints were of the type with crossover temperature monitoring thermocouple through two distinct thermal contributions. A computational numerical code was developed to simulate the phenomena occurring in the process (temperature gradient, phase transformations, heat transfer). Welded joints did not show how fragile martensite phase, the weld metal showed dendritic structure, the ZTA presented two distinct regions with different grain sizes all this due to the temperature gradient, which also originated distinct characteristics of the weld bead, ZTA, stages formed and different grain sizes.