Resumo Países europeus tais como Alemanha, França, Dinamarca e Reino Unido possuem tecnologias e políticas de resíduos sólidos que buscam elevados índices de reaproveitamento, diminuindo significativamente a necessidade de envio aos aterros sanitários. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o diagnóstico das condições dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) e relacionar com os impactos socioambientais em sete estados da Amazônia brasileira. A pesquisa tem caráter descritivo, baseada em dados secundários, obtidos através de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, coletados em plataformas eletrônicas. Observa-se então que a Amazônia, mesmo com a exploração ativa de seus recursos naturais e potencial econômico, não alcança o restante do país no que diz respeito à longevidade, educação e renda, inferindo que a exploração não traz as benesses esperadas em termos de qualidade de vida para a população local. Outra problemática é o déficit nos registros de municípios que alimentam os dados no Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS), demonstrando que a geração de RSU ultrapassa os valores aqui apresentados, pois menos da metade dos municípios da Amazônia presta esse serviço informacional obrigatório, seja prestador público ou privado. Nesse sentido, há a necessidade de mudança no paradigma de gerenciamento de resíduos.

Abstract European countries such as Germany, France, Denmark and the United Kingdom have solid waste technologies and policies that seek high reuse rates, significantly reducing the need for landfilling. Thus, the objective of this study was to diagnose MSW conditions and relate them to social and environmental impacts in seven states of the Brazilian Amazon. The research has a descriptive character, based on secondary data, obtained through bibliographic and documentary searches, collected from electronic platforms. It was observed that the Amazon, even with the active exploitation of its natural resources and economic potential, does not reach the rest of the country with regard to longevity, education and income, inferring that exploration does not bring the expected benefits in terms of quality of life for the local population. Another problem is the deficit in the records of municipalities that feed the data in SNIS, demonstrating that the generation of MSW exceeds the values presented here, because less than half of the municipalities of the Amazon provide this mandatory information service, whether public or private provider. In this sense, there is a need for a change in the waste management paradigm.

ABSTRACT Soil beetles’ communities are responsible for many ecosystem services, and are very sensitive to environmental changes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the abundance and diversity of the soil coleoptera fauna under uses and management and also to identify relationships of the beetle community with soil’s physical and chemical properties. The experiment had six experimental plots set up an Oxisol (Latossolo): corn (CO), soybean (SO), 7-year-old eucalyptus (EI), 4-year-old eucalyptus (EII), preserved Cerrado (PC), and disturbed Cerrado (DC). Soil beetles were sampled at 128 points for each experimental plot, where the soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The Coleoptera fauna organisms were identified at the family, subfamily, and gender level, and then, the number of individuals per day, richness, Shannon diversity indexes, and Pielou evenness were determined. The data were analyzed using multivariate techniques (hierarchical grouping and factor analysis). On total, 750 specimens of beetles were collected, distributed into 9 families, 14 subfamilies, and 27 genera. The most abundant family was Scarabaeidae (11 genera) with the highest occurrence in the PC (143 specimens) and DC (81 specimens). Cultivation with SO presented the greatest number of trap day individuals (ind trap-1 day-1 = 0.548); however, the highest diversity was found in the PC. (20 taxonomic groups) and CO (16 taxonomic groups). Shannon diversity was higher for the CO (H’ = 3.107), followed by the PC (H’ = 2.699), and the lowest value was found for the SO (H’ = 1.530). The similarity dendrogram grouped the plots into two extracts, demonstrating how the intensity of land use influences the abundance and diversity of beetle fauna. The factor analysis grouped the Coleoptera and the physical and chemical soil properties in two factors: elements related to the state of aggregation and porous system’s elements. The Coleoptera community was influenced by the intensity of land use and the portion with anthropized natural vegetation showed the highest richness, demonstrating that the Coleoptera fauna responds to environmental changes. Edaphic beetles in the different use and management systems were primarily related to soil physical properties, which explain the state of aggregation (pH, altitude, Ca2+, BD, clay, macroporosity, silt, K+, and microporosity) and the porous soil system (sand and total porosity).