PURPOSE: To obtain a decellularized tracheal scaffold associating traditional approaches with the novel light-emitting diode (LED) proposal.METHODS:This study was performed with New Zealand adult rabbits weighing 3.0 - 4.0 kg. Different protocols (22) were used combining physical (agitation and LED irradiation), chemical (SDS and Triton X-100 detergents), and enzymatic methods (DNase and RNase).RESULTS:Generally, the cells surrounding soft tissues were successfully removed, but none protocol removed cells from the tracheal cartilage. However, longer protocols were more effective. The cost-benefits relation of the enzymatic processes was not favorable. It was possible to find out that the cartilaginous tissue submitted to the irradiation with LED 630nm and 475 nm showed an increased number of gaps without cells, but several cells were observed to be still present.CONCLUSION:The light-emitting diode is a promising tool for decellularization of soft tissues.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o resultado do tratamento cirúrgico de aspergiloma pulmonar. Para tanto, foram avaliados 14 pacientes adultos (7 homens e 7 mulheres) e tratados no Hospital Universitário da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, em Botucatu (SP), entre 1981 e 2009. Dados foram coletados dos registros médicos dos pacientes. Dez pacientes (71%) apresentaram aspergiloma pulmonar simples, e 4 (29%) apresentaram aspergiloma pulmonar complexo. O sintoma mais frequente foi hemoptise, e a pneumopatia preexistente mais prevalente foi tuberculose. Dois pacientes (14%) foram submetidos a mais de um procedimento cirúrgico. Não houve mortalidade operatória. Metade dos pacientes apresentou complicações pós-operatórias, sendo fuga aérea prolongada e empiema as mais frequentes.

The objective of this study was to analyze the outcome of surgical treatment of pulmonary aspergilloma. To that end, we evaluated 14 adult patients so treated between 1981 and 2009 at the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital, in the city of Botucatu, Brazil. Data were collected from the medical records of the patients. Ten patients (71%) presented with simple pulmonary aspergilloma, and 4 (29%) presented with complex pulmonary aspergilloma. Hemoptysis was the most common symptom, and tuberculosis was the most prevalent preexisting lung disease. Two patients (14%) underwent surgery on more than one occasion. There were no intraoperative deaths. Half of the patients developed postoperative complications, prolonged air leak and empyema being the most common.

Um homem, de 45 anos, com infecções pulmonares de repetição havia quatro anos apresentou-se com tosse, secreção amarelada, escarros hemópticos e dor torácica não pleural. A tomografia revelou nódulo calcificado ocluindo brônquio lobar inferior direito. Realizada bilobectomia inferior e média, o exame histopatológico revelou condroma endobrônquico, bem circunscrito. O condroma pulmonar é um tumor raro, em geral associado à tríade de Carney (condroma, leiomiossarcoma gástrico e paraganglioma extra-adrenal), sendo o menos freqüente dos três componentes. No presente caso, os outros dois componentes não foram observados. Podem, entretanto, se manifestar tardiamente, sendo, assim, necessário seguimento clínico em longo prazo do paciente.

A 45-year-old man presented with recurrent pulmonary infection for four years, cough, bloody sputum, yellowish excretion and nonpleuritic chest pain. Tomography of the chest revealed a calcified nodule occluding the right lower lobe bronchus. A right lower and middle lobectomy was performed, and the histopathological examination of the bronchi revealed chondroma, a rare pulmonary tumor usually associated with the Carney triad (pulmonary chondroma, gastric leiomyosarcoma and extra-adrenal paraganglioma), being the less common of the three components. In the present case, the other two components of the triad were not observed. Since these components may appear years later, long-term follow-up care is necessary.

OBJETIVO: demonstrar se ocorre crescimento pulmonar compensatório (CPC) representado pelos conteúdos de proteínas, DNA e RNA no rato adulto jovem, subnutrido, submetido à trilobectomia pulmonar. MÉTODOS: Utilizamos 137 ratos "Wistar", machos, distribuídos por sorteio, em 9 grupos, submetidos a três tratamentos (controle, toracotomia, trilobectomia), sacrificados em três momentos (7, 30 e 90 dias). Na trilobectomia foram extirpados os lobos médio, acessório e caudal direitos. Variáveis estudadas: conteúdos pulmonares de proteínas, DNA e RNA. RESULTADOS: No lobo cranial e pulmão esquerdo o conteúdo protéico foi maior nos trilobectomizados. Ocorreu CPC insuficiente para suprir a perda desta variável, sendo menor nos pulmões dos trilobectomizados. O incremento nos conteúdos de DNA do lobo cranial e pulmão esquerdo dos trilobectomizados foram suficientes para compensar a perda desta variável, resultando num conteúdo de DNA dos pulmões semelhante aos controle. O conteúdo de RNA, nos trilobectomizados, foi maior no lobo cranial e pulmão esquerdo, com maior eficiência no primeiro, insuficiente para que se aproximassem aos obtidos nos demais grupos, ficando menores. CONCLUSÃO: Nos trilobectomizados ocorreu CPC, provavelmente com hiperplasia celular e pouca hipertrofia, devido a grande compensação do DNA e pequena do RNA. Esta foi a grande diferença quando comparamos este resultado ao obtido com animais nutridos, que apresentavam hipertrofia pronunciada.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate compensatory lung growth (CLG) by lung contents of proteins, DNA, and RNA in undernourished young adult rats, submitted to pulmonary trilobectomy. METHODS: We used 137 male Wistar rats, randomly distributed into 9 groups; they were submitted to three treatments (control, thoracotomy, and trilobectomy), and sacrificed at three different times (7, 30, and 90 days). In trilobectomy we removed the right median, accessory, and caudal lobes. We studied lung proteins, DNA, and RNA contents. RESULTS: In the cranial lobe and left lung, protein content was higher in trilobectomized rats however there was insufficient CLG to make up for the loss. The increase of DNA in the cranial lobe and left lung of trilobectomized rats was sufficient to compensate for this loss, resulting in a similar content to controls. RNA content in trilobectomized rats, was higher in the cranial lobe and left lung, more efficient in the cranial lobe, but less than in the other groups. CONCLUSION: CLG occurred in trilobectomized rats, probably with cell hyperplasia and little hypertrophy, due to the large DNA compensation and small RNA compensation. This was markedly different to well-nourished animals, who had pronounced hypertrophy.

OBJETIVO:Avaliar o comportamento bioquímico do CPC após trilobectomia no rato adulto jovem subnutrido. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 137 ratos "Wistar", machos, subnutridos pela oferta de 33% da ingestão diária normal na fase de adaptação e durante o experimento, distribuídos por sorteio, em 9 grupos experimentais, submetidos a três tratamentos (Controle, Toracotomia, Trilobectomia) e sacrificados em três momentos (7, 30 e 90 dias). Na Trilobectomia foram extirpados os lobos médio, acessório e caudal direitos, que representavam 55% do tecido pulmonar. Estudou-se os seguintes atributos e variáveis: massa corpórea e pulmonar, relação entre massa pulmonar e corpórea e conteúdos protéicos pulmonares. RESULTADOS: No lobo cranial e no pulmão esquerdo, tanto a massa quanto os conteúdos protéicos, nos trilobectomizados, foram maiores em todos os momentos do estudo quando comparados aos demais, sendo este aumento suficiente para compensar a perda dos três lobos. Os conteúdos protéicos do lobo cranial e do pulmão esquerdo, nos trilobectomizados, tiveram o mesmo comportamento da massa pulmonar, mas este aumento não foi suficiente para compensar a perda dos três lobos. CONCLUSÕES: Nos ratos adultos subnutridos trilobectomizados ocorre CPC. A recuperação da massa pulmonar é total, mas o conteúdo protéico pulmonar apesar de aumentar, não chega aos valores dos ratos não trilobectomizados.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biochemical behavior of compensatory lung growth after trilobectomy in undernourished rats. METHODS: Undernutrition was achieved by offering 33% normal daily diet to 137 adult male Wistar rats over an acclimatization period and throughout the experiment. Rats were randomly distributed into nine (3 Control, 3 Thoracotomy, and 3 Trilobectomy) groups. Analysis was 7, 30, and 90 days after surgery (Trilobectomy is middle, accessory and caudal lobectomies). Body mass, lung mass, and lung tissue protein content were studied. RESULTS: Cranial lobe and left lung mass both larger in trilobectomized rats throughout the study compared to the other groups. Comparing combined lung mass, we noted that there was sufficient compensatory growth to be on a par with controls. Cranial lobe and left lung protein content in trilobectomized rats both displayed the same behavior as lung mass throughout the study, but the compensatory growth in the remaining two lobes was not sufficient to make up for trilobectomy losses. CONCLUSION: In adult undernourished rats, there was compensatory lung growth after trilobectomy, there was also lung mass recovery at the beginning of the study compared to other groups. Throughout the study, cranial lobe and left lung protein content were higher in trilobectomized rats than other groups.

We report a case of a ten year old boy with an inflammatory pseudotumor in the right upper lobe. Surgical excision was undertaken. Inflammatory pseudotumors of the lung often occur in children. We recommend complete resection for diagnosis and cure. This tumor can mimic malignant neoplastic lesions and can recur after surgical treatment.