ABSTRACT Over the past decade, the business of producing juice from grapes (Vitis labrusca L. and hybrids) has been expanding in response to increasing consumption encouraged by campaigns promoting the benefits grape juice can have on health. This study aimed to determine the effect of the production cycle, vine training system, and rootstock on the yield and physical and physical-chemical characteristics of ‘BRS Magna’ grapes grown in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco in the northeastern region of Brazil. The study was conducted in Petrolina, Pernambuco, over eight production cycles (2017 to 2020). The grapevines were trained in three vine training trellis systems: espalier, lyre, and pergola; and grafted onto two rootstocks: IAC 572 and IAC 766. The production cycle, training system, and rootstocks affected the yield components, vigor, and physical characteristics of the BRS Magna grapes. The combination of the pergola training system and rootstock IAC 766 stood out from the others, providing mean yields estimated at 26 t ha –1 per production cycle. The soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS TA –1 ratio were affected neither by the training system nor the rootstock, and higher values for SS and lower values for TA were obtained in the first, second, fourth and eighth production cycles. Thus, the pergola training system and rootstock IAC 766 are recommended for promoting yield gains in the ‘BRS Magna’ grape in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco.

Resumo Porta enxertos são amplamente utilizados na viticucultura mundial e podem influenciar os componentes de produção e a qualidade das uvas, sucos e vinhos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a influência do porta enxerto no desempenho produtivo, características físicas e físico químicas de uvas para suco ‘BRS Magna’ cultivada no Vale do Submédio São Francisco. O estudo foi realizado durante seis ciclos de produção no período de 2015 à 2019, no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro da Embrapa Semiárido em Petrolina, PE. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: produtividade estimada; número de cachos por planta; massa fresca de ramos e folhas; massa do cacho; comprimento e largura do cacho; massa da baga; teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SS), acidez titulável (AT) e relação SS/AT. Efeitos significativos do porta enxerto foram observados em todas as variáveis com exceção do teor de SS. O porta enxerto IAC 572 promoveu aumentos de até 61% na produtividade de videiras ‘BRS Magna’, com respostas significativas nos demais componentes de produção. A dispersão gráfica em relação aos três primeiros componentes principais permitiu a separação dos porta enxertos em função dos ciclos de produção. Os valores médios para teor de SS e AT caracterizam esta cultivar no Vale do Submédio São Francisco, com alto conteúdo de sólidos solúveis e baixa acidez resultado em elevada relação SS/AT, com potencial para elaboração de sucos de elevada qualidade independente do porta enxerto utilizado.

Abstract Rootstocks are widely used in viticulture worldwide and can affect the yield components and quality of grapes and their juices and wines. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on the yield performance and physical and physical-chemical traits of ‘BRS Magna’ juice grapes grown in the Submédio do Vale do São Francisco. The study was performed over six production cycles in the period from 2015 to 2019 in the Bebedouro experimental field of Embrapa Semiárido in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The treatments consisted of seven grapevine rootstocks: IAC 572, IAC 766, IAC 313, Paulsen 1103, SO4, Harmony, and Freedom. The following variables were evaluated: estimated yield, number of grape bunches per plant, branch and leaf fresh matter, bunch weight, bunch length and width, berry weight, total soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS to TA ratio (SS:TA). Significant effects of the rootstock were observed in all the variables except for SS. The rootstock ‘IAC 572’ led to increases of up to 61% in the yield of ‘BRS Magna’ grapevines, or 32.78 ton.ha-1, with significant responses in the other yield components. Results of the scatterplot in relation to the first three principal components allowed separation of the rootstocks in accordance with production cycles. The mean values for SS and TA characterize this cultivar in the Vale do Submédio São Francisco, with high soluble solids content and low acidity resulting in high SS:TA, as having potential for preparation of high quality juices, regardless of the rootstock used.