Schiff bases are diverse organic compounds with an azomethine structure (–C=N–), holding potential in both chemistry and biology. They serve as catalysts, stabilizers, and exhibit various biological activities. The molecular structure of Schiff bases influences their biological properties, including antimicrobial effects. Redox-active compounds with more negative potentials tend to be more effective against microbes. In one of our recent studies, we explored the antimicrobial properties of two Schiff bases derivatives, SB-1 ((E)-4-amino-3-((3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino) and SB-2 ((E)-2-((4-nitrobenzilidene)amino)aniline). SB-1 showed antibacterial activity against certain Gram-positive bacteria, while SB-2 did not. The difference in their cyclic voltametric profiles, especially SB-1’s more negative reduction potential, prompted us to carry out further characterizations, including scan-rate studies, solvent analysis, and computational calculations. We found that SB-1, which presents a stable intramolecular hydrogen bond, undergoes irreversible oxidation, likely at the –NH2 group, and a quasi-reversible reduction via an intramolecular reductive coupling of the (–C=N–) azomethine group, supported by orbital theoretical calculations. This research sheds light on the potential applications of Schiff bases in antimicrobial contexts, guided by their redox properties and structure. –C=N–, CN –C=N– , C N biology catalysts stabilizers activities effects Redoxactive Redox active microbes studies derivatives SB1 SB 1 SB- E4amino33,5ditertbutyl2hydroxybenzylideneamino E4amino335ditertbutyl2hydroxybenzylideneamino Eaminoditertbutylhydroxybenzylideneamino E 4 amino 3 3,5 di tert butyl 2 hydroxybenzylidene 5 ((E)-4-amino-3-((3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino SB2 E24nitrobenzilideneaminoaniline. E24nitrobenzilideneaminoaniline Enitrobenzilideneaminoaniline nitrobenzilidene aniline . ((E)-2-((4-nitrobenzilidene)amino)aniline) Grampositive Gram positive bacteria not profiles SB1s SBs s characterizations scanrate scan rate analysis calculations SB1, 1, bond oxidation NH2 NH –NH group quasireversible quasi reversible (–C=N– contexts –C=N E4amino33 5ditertbutyl2hydroxybenzylideneamino ditertbutyl hydroxybenzylideneamino 35 3, nitrobenzilideneaminoaniline ((E)-2-((4-nitrobenzilidene)amino)aniline (–C=N Eamino E4amino3 ditertbutylhydroxybenzylideneamino E4amino

Resumo Objetivos: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi reunir estudos que utilizam o extrato de própolis para o controlo da atividade antimicrobiana e avaliar sua atividade in vitro contra os principais periodontopatógenos. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo, Lilacs, Science Direct, Cochrane, SCOPUS, Web of Science e na literatura cinzenta (Google Scholar and OpenGrey), complementada por uma busca manual, e foram incluídos artigos que atenderam aos critérios: estudos in vitro que avaliaram a ação da própolis contra pelo menos um periodontopatógeno. Resultados: A busca na base de dados resultou em 1473 artigos. Após análise dos títulos e resumos, 179 artigos estavam duplicados, 18 artigos foram selecionados para triagem do texto completo e cinco deles foram excluídos. A busca manual resultou em um artigo. Esta revisão sistemática compreendeu 13 artigos. A Porphyromonas gingivalis apareceu em todos os estudos e a própolis apresentou efeito antibacteriano demonstrando a partir da concentração inibitória mínima. Conclusões: O extrato de própolis apresenta atividade antimicrobiana efetiva sobre as bactérias patogénicas periodontais, podendo ser uma opção terapêutica viável para a modulação da periodontite. Mais estudos são importantes para analisar os efeitos citotóxicos de diferentes concentrações nos fibroblastos gengivais.

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to gather studies that use propolis extract to control antimicrobial activity and evaluate its activity in vitro against major periodontopathogens. Methods: A search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo, Lilacs, Science Direct, Cochrane, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and gray literature (Google Scholar and OpenGrey) databases was performed, complemented by a manual search. Articles meeting the following criteria were included: in-vitro studies that evaluated the action of propolis against at least one periodontopathogen. Results: The database search resulted in 1473 articles. After analysis of the titles and abstracts, 179 articles were duplicated, and 18 were selected for full-text screening, of which five were excluded. The manual search resulted in one article. This systematic review comprised 13 articles. Porphyromonas gingivalis appeared in all studies, and propolis showed na antibacterial effect, demonstrating the minimum inhibitory concentration. Conclusions: The propolis extract shows an effective antimicrobial activity on the periodontal pathogenic bacteria and may be a viable therapeutical option for the modulation of periodontitis. More studies are important to analyze the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations on gingival fibroblasts.

ABSTRACT Introduction. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) contributes to bacterial resistance. Objective. The purpose of the present study was to measure the use and type of antimicrobials in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of the Loreto Regional Hospital (HRL). Methods. Descriptive study. We reviewed 120 medical records in ICU-HRL patients from January to June 2023. Results. Most patients used antimicrobials (74.2%), indicated for septic shock (42.7%), 1 to 3 antimicrobials (93.2%), with therapy of 1 to 3 days (45%). Of the total number of antimicrobials used, the greatest proportion were bactericides 89 (90.4%), from the cephalosporin family (33.1%) and carbapenemics (23.5%); the most commonly used drugs were ceftriaxone (26.5%) and meropenem (21.1%) by the intravenous route (90.4%). Conclusion. The highest proportion of hospitalized patients use antimicrobials of the cephalosporin and carbapenemics family.

RESUMEN Introducción. El uso inapropiado de antimicrobianos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) contribuye a la resistencia bacteriana. Objetivo. El propósito del presente estudio fue medir el uso y tipo de antimicrobianos en los pacientes hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Regional de Loreto (HRL). Métodos. Estudio de tipo descriptivo. Revisamos 120 historias clínicas en pacientes de UCI-HRL desde enero a junio 2023. Resultados. La mayoría de los pacientes usaron antimicrobianos (74,2%), indicados por shock séptico (42,7%), de 1 a 3 antimicrobianos (93,2%), con terapia de 1 a 3 días (45%). Del total de antimicrobianos usados, la mayor proporción fueron bactericidas 89 (90,4%), de la familia de cefalosporinas (33,1%) y carbapenémicos (23,5%); los fármacos más empleados fueron ceftriaxona (26,5%) y meropenem (21,1%) por vía intravenosa (90,4%). Conclusión. La mayor proporción de pacientes hospitalizados usan antimicrobianos de la familia de cefalosporinas y carbapenémicos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: at present, ozonated oils are used as a pharmaceutical method in the treatment of several diseases, among which are oral conditions with positive results after their application. Objective: to argue the importance of ozonated vegetable oils and their antimicrobial properties in the treatment of oral conditions. Methods: a bibliographic review was carried out during the months of March and April 2023. The information was collected in the REDIB, SeCiMed, Scopus, MedLine, SciELO and LILACS databases, applying Semantic Scholar, BASE as search engines. and Google Scholar. Of the 53 articles retrieved, 20 were selected for the development of the research, according to the criteria established for their selection. Development: the regenerative and antibacterial mechanism of action of ozonated oils is given by direct oxidation, in which it acts by destroying the cell wall of bacteria, as well as the internal membrane of sporulated microorganisms through the oxidation of its components. In this line of ideas, it is highlighted that the mechanism of action of ozonated oils, in general, is associated in a similar way to the action produced by conventional antimicrobials. Conclusions: it was concluded that ozonated vegetable oils have an antimicrobial action, and their use in the therapy of stomatological diseases shows favorable results.

RESUMEN Introducción: en la actualidad, los aceites ozonizados se utilizan como método farmacéutico en el tratamiento de varias enfermedades, entre las cuales figuran las afecciones bucodentales con resultados positivos tras su aplicación. Objetivo: argumentar la importancia de los aceites vegetales ozonizados y sus propiedades antimicrobianas en el tratamiento de afecciones bucodentales. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica durante los meses de marzo y abril del 2023. La recolección de la información se efectuó en las bases de datos REDIB, SeCiMed, Scopus, MedLine, SciELO y LILACS, aplicando como motores de búsqueda Semantic Scholar, BASE y Google Académico. De los 53 artículos recuperados se seleccionaron 20 para el desarrollo de la investigación, según los criterios establecidos para su selección. Desarrollo: el mecanismo de acción regenerativo y antibacteriano de los aceites ozonizados están dados por la oxidación directa, en la cual actúa destruyendo la pared celular de las bacterias, así como la membrana interna de los microrganismos esporulados mediante la oxidación de sus componentes. En esta línea de ideas se destaca que el mecanismo de acción de los aceites ozonizados, de manera general, se asocia de forma semejante a la acción producida por los antimicrobianos convencionales. Conclusiones: se logró concluir que, los aceites vegetales ozonizados tienen una acción antimicrobiana, y su empleo en la terapia de las enfermedades estomatológicas evidencia resultados favorables.

ABSTRACT: Tomato plants are a crop of great economic importance worldwide. Mexico is considered the world’s leading exporter of this vegetable, with a 24% market share. However, this crop can be affected by diseases such as bacterial freckle and bacterial cancer that can be introduced to plantations through infected seeds. Pesticides are used in agriculture for disease control and are considered a source of environmental pollution. Alternatives to the use of pesticides must therefore be sought. To this effect, electrolyzed water is a technology that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of electrolyzed water on Pseudomonas syringaepv. tomato and Clavibactermichiganensis subsp.michiganensis was evaluated on cells suspension and tomato seed germination. Electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) and electrolyzed reduced water (ERW) treatments were applied for 1, 3 and 6 minutes. In addition, seeds were infected with each of the bacterial strains separately and electrolyzed water treatments were applied. Results show that oxidizing water is more efficient as an antimicrobial agent, as it achieved 100% growth reduction of the two bacterial strains after one minute of treatment. These treatments did not affect germination percentage, since germination percentages above 90% were obtained in all treatments and the seedlings were not affected in any of the evaluated variables. ABSTRACT worldwide worlds world s vegetable 24 share However pollution sought effect study syringaepv subspmichiganensis subsp michiganensis EOW (EOW ERW (ERW 1 minutes addition agent 100 treatment percentage 90 variables 2 10 9

RESUMO: O tomate é uma colheita de grande importância econômica em todo o mundo. O México é considerado o primeiro exportador desta hortaliça no mundo, com 24% de participação. No entanto, esta cultura pode ser afetada por doenças como a mancha bacteriana e o cancro bacteriano que podem ser introduzidos nas colheitas através de sementes infectadas. Os agrotóxicos são utilizados na agricultura para controlar doenças e são considerados uma fonte de contaminação ambiental. Por esse motivo, é necessário buscar alternativas ao uso de agrotóxicos. Nesse sentido, a água eletrolisada é uma tecnologia que tem demonstrado atividade antimicrobiana. No presente estudo, a atividade antimicrobiana da água eletrolisada sobre Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomate e Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis emcélulasem suspensão e na germinação de sementes de tomate. Os tratamentos com água eletrolisada oxidante e redutora foram aplicados por 1, 3 e 6 minutos. Por outro lado, as sementes foram infectadas com cada uma das cepas bacterianas de forma independente e foram aplicados tratamentos com água eletrolisada. Os resultados mostram que a água oxidante é mais eficiente como agente antimicrobiano, pois conseguiu uma redução de 100% no crescimento das duas cepas bacterianas após um minuto de tratamento. Os tratamentos não afetaram a porcentagem de germinação, pois em todos os tratamentos obtiveram-se porcentagens de germinação acima de 90% e as plântulas não foram afetadas em nenhuma das variáveis estudadas. RESUMO mundo 24 participação entanto ambiental motivo sentido estudo pv subsp 1 minutos lado antimicrobiano 100 tratamento obtiveramse obtiveram se 90 estudadas 2 10 9

ABSTRACT: Surface contamination by pathogenic and deteriorating microorganisms is a constant concern in the food industry. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), produced using the essential oil of Lippia origanoides Kunth and ethanolic extract of Hymenaea martiana Hayne, against bacteria used in milk processing. For this, AgNPs were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated for minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations, time-kill, interference on the biofilm, and application on the surfaces of different materials. AgNPs showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 33591), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis (ATCC 10708), Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp.,andPseudomonas aeruginosa,and interfered with biofilm formation more than with consolidated biofilms. A 1hour period was sufficient to reduce the bacterial cells, whereas a Minimum Duration for Killing (MDK) of 99% was reached after approximately 30 min. AgNPs were effective against bacteria attached to stainless steel and polyethylene, but ineffective on tile surfaces. Thus, owing to the growing microbial resistance and the need to develop new products based on the concepts of green chemistry, these AgNPs are presented as a new possibility for cleaning processes in the food industry. ABSTRACT industry Therefore AgNPs, , (AgNPs) Hayne processing concentrations timekill, timekill time kill, kill time-kill materials ATCC 25923, 25923 25923) 33591, 33591 33591) 25922, 25922 25922) subsp 10708, 10708 10708) monocytogenes sppandPseudomonas spp andPseudomonas aeruginosaand aeruginosa biofilms hour cells MDK (MDK 99 3 min polyethylene Thus chemistry (AgNPs 2592 3359 1070 9 259 335 107 25 33 10 2 1

RESUMO: A contaminação de superfícies por micro-organismos patogênicos e deteriorantes é uma preocupação constante na indústria de alimentos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana de nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) produzidas utilizando óleo essencial de Lippia origanoides Kunth e extrato etanólico da Hymenaea martiana Hayne, frente a bactérias de importância na contaminação em áreas de processamento do leite. Para isso, as AgNPs foram sintetizadas e sua atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada através das concentrações inibitória e bactericida mínimas, tempo de morte, interferência sobre o biofilme, e por fim, a sua aplicação sobre superfícies de diferentes materiais. As AgNPs apresentaram atividade bacteriostática e/ou bactericida frente à Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 33591), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Choleraesuis (ATCC 10708), Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, e interferiram na formação do biofilme mais do que sobre o biofilme consolidado. O tempo de uma hora foi o suficiente para reduzir as populações bacterianas, enquanto o Minimum Duration for Killing MDK 99% foi atingido próximo a 30 minutos. As AgNPs foram eficientes contra bactérias aderidas ao inox e ao polietileno. Assim, tendo em vista a crescente resistência microbiana e o desenvolvimento de novos produtos baseados nos conceitos da química verde, essas nanopartículas de prata apresentam-se como uma nova possibilidade de uso nos processos de higienização da indústria de alimentos. RESUMO microorganismos micro organismos alimentos forma (AgNPs Hayne leite isso mínimas morte fim materiais eou ou ATCC 25923, 25923 , 25923) 33591, 33591 33591) 25922, 25922 25922) subsp 10708, 10708 10708) monocytogenes spp aeruginosa consolidado bacterianas 99 3 minutos polietileno Assim verde apresentamse apresentam se 2592 3359 1070 9 259 335 107 25 33 10 2 1

Abstract The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherent potential of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil against food-borne strains of Escherichia coli. The study was performed using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). In addition, the disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate the association of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil with synthetic antimicrobials. The Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MIC) was also performed. The results revealed that E. radiata showed antimicrobial activity against the E. coli strains tested, with MIC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL and MBC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1,024 μg/mL. As for the associations, it was observed that E. radiata oil exhibited a synergistic effect for some antibiotics, especially Ceftriaxone, with greater interference from the essential oil. Furthermore, it was effective in inhibiting the adherence of bacterial strains of E. coli, showing a more significant antibiofilm effect than the antibacterial agent 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. In summary, the essential oil of E. radiata showed antimicrobial potential against strains of E. coli of food origin, and can therefore, through in-depth studies, be used alone or in association with synthetic antimicrobials to combat infections caused by this pathogen. antiadherent anti adherent foodborne borne (MIC MBC. . (MBC) addition E tested 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associations antibiotics Ceftriaxone Furthermore 012 0 12 0.12 digluconate summary origin therefore indepth depth studies pathogen (MBC 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.1 1, 0.

Resumo O presente estudo buscou avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano e antiaderente do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata frente às cepas de veiculação alimentar de Escherichia coli. O estudo foi realizado usando a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Além disso, a técnica de difusão em disco foi usada para avaliar a associação do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata com antimicrobianos sintéticos. A Concentração Inibitória Mínima de Aderência (CIMA) também foi realizada. Os resultados revelaram que E. radiata apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra as cepas de E. coli testadas, com valores de CIM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1000 μg/mL e valores de CBM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1,024 μg/mL. Quanto às associações, observou-se que o óleo de E. radiata exibiu efeito sinérgico para alguns antibióticos, sobretudo a Ceftriaxona, apresentando maior interferência do óleo essencial. Além disso, foi eficaz na inibição a aderência das cepas bacterianas de E. coli, mostrando um efeito antibiofilme mais significativo que o agente antibacteriano digluconato de clorexidina a 0.12%. Em resumo, o óleo essencial de E. radiata apresentou potencial antimicrobiano contra cepas de E. coli de origem alimentar, podendo assim, mediante estudos aprofundados, ser utilizado isoladamente ou em associação com antimicrobianos sintéticos para combater infecções causadas por esse patógeno. (CIM CBM. . (CBM) disso CIMA (CIMA realizada E testadas 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associações observouse observou se antibióticos Ceftriaxona 012 0 12 0.12% resumo assim aprofundados patógeno (CBM 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.12 1, 0.1 0.

Owing to merging antibiotic resistance, the synthesis of novel antibacterial agents becomes increasingly important. Carbon dots (CDs) belong to a new class of carbon-based nanomaterials that have shown great potential in combating emerging and drug-resistant infections due to their unique optical properties, such as excellent biocompatibility and easy surface modification. Herein, light-treated CDs (LCDs) with enhanced antibacterial activity and low drug resistance were synthesized by using a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. LCDs can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the light-emitting diode light, which kill two pathogenic bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). In addition, in vitro experiments show that the liquid crystal displays excellent biocompatibility. Due to the visible photo-oxidative activity, LCDs can be used as photodynamic therapy agents, providing efficient bactericidal activity. This study provides a simple way to modify CDs that lead to new properties. important (CDs carbonbased carbon based drugresistant resistant properties modification Herein lighttreated light treated (LCDs onepot one pot method ROS (ROS lightemitting emitting bacteria methicillinresistant methicillin S. S (S E. E (E coli. . coli) addition photooxidative photo oxidative

This work describes the first chemical study on the metabolic profile of three geopropolis samples from Melipona fulva, M. compressipes, and M. paraensis collected in the Amazonian region. The samples were submitted to solvent extractions. The silylated hexane extracts were submitted to GC-MS analysis and tentatively identified mainly the presence of triterpenes, steroids, fatty acids, and alcohols. The chemical profile of M. fulva of and M. compressipes geopropolis are similar. However, cholesterol, triacontanol, and palmitic acid are the main compounds in M. fulva; in M. compressipes, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, and oleic acid are predominant. The chemical profile of the M. paraensis sample is entirely different once more than 60% of the extract comprises lupenone and triacontanol. The CHCl3 soluble fraction of the MeOH extract of the M. paraensis geopropolis was submitted to chromatographic techniques, and it afforded cycloartenol, 24-methylene-cycloartenol, lupeol, α- and β-amirins, and 7-O-methylaromadendrin. The MeOH extract of this sample presents antimicrobial activities against strains of Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, and S. aureus (MIC of 15.6-62.5 µg mL−1 and MBC of 62.5-1000 µg mL−1). The M. fulva and M. compressipes geopropolis were not active in this test. M region extractions GCMS GC MS triterpenes steroids acids alcohols similar However cholesterol triacontanol predominant 60 CHCl techniques cycloartenol 24methylenecycloartenol, 24methylenecycloartenol methylenecycloartenol 24 methylene 24-methylene-cycloartenol lupeol α βamirins, βamirins β amirins, amirins β-amirins 7Omethylaromadendrin. 7Omethylaromadendrin Omethylaromadendrin 7 O methylaromadendrin. methylaromadendrin 7-O-methylaromadendrin mutans S sobrinus MIC 15.662.5 156625 15.6 62.5 15 6 62 5 15.6-62. mL1 mL 1 mL− 62.51000 6251000 1000 62.5-100 mL−1. . mL−1) test 2 662 15.662. 15662 156 15. 625 62. 15.6-62 51000 62.5100 625100 100 62.5-10 66 15.662 1566 15.6-6 5100 62.510 62510 10 62.5-1 15.66 15.6- 510 62.51 6251 62.5- 51

Mangroves are highly productive ecosystems that support a diverse range of plant, animal, and microorganism species, especially fungi. This ecosystem is characterized as a transition zone between sea and land which is interesting because this environment can be considered an extreme environment due to the peculiar characteristics that it can exhibit, which is interesting for the establishment of diverse fungal species with great biotechnological potential, these habitats are relevant for the bioprospecting of interesting secondary-metabolite-producing fungi. Fungi play an essential role in maintaining this environment and also represent a rich source of structurally diverse antimicrobial compounds. This review summarizes antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral chemicals produced by soil/sediment-derived mangrove fungi from 1990 to 2022. plant animal exhibit potential secondarymetaboliteproducing secondary metabolite producing compounds antibacterial antifungal soil/sedimentderived soilsedimentderived soil/sediment derived soil sediment 199 2022 sedimentderived soilsediment 19 202 1 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of patients treated at a philanthropic hospital specialized in Orthopedics and Traumatology, located in a significant urban center, and evaluate the efficacy of initial empirical antibiotic treatment. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hand infections from September 2020 to September 2022 were included, excluding cases related to open fractures or post-surgical infections and those with incomplete medical records. The chi-square test was performed using STATISTICA ® software to correlate various variables. Results: A total of 34 patients participated, including 24 men and 10 women, with an average age of 41.9 years. Most male patients had Diabetes Mellitus, HIV, and drug addiction, and they resided in urban areas. Half of the patients did not report any apparent trauma. The most common infectious agent was Staphylococcus aureus*. Nearly 62% of patients required a change in the initial antibiotic regimen, with Penicillin being the most frequently substituted medication. Beta-lactam antibiotics and Quinolones were the most effective. Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of carefully evaluating the epidemiological profile of patients with acute hand infections and improving initial empirical treatment to ensure appropriate and effective therapy. Level of Evidence IV, Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Objective Traumatology center Methods 202 included postsurgical post surgical records chisquare chi square variables Results 3 participated 2 1 women 419 41 9 41. years Mellitus HIV addiction areas trauma aureus aureus* 62 regimen medication Betalactam Beta lactam Conclusion therapy IV CrossSectional Cross Sectional Study 20 4 6

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos em um hospital filantrópico referência em Ortopedia e Traumatologia localizado em um centro urbano importante, e avaliar a eficácia do tratamento antibiótico empírico inicial. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes com diagnóstico de infecção na mão, atendidos no período de setembro de 2020 a setembro de 2022, excluindo-se casos relacionados a fraturas expostas ou pós-cirúrgicas e aqueles com prontuários incompletos. Realizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado, utilizando o software STATISTICA ® para correlacionar diversas variáveis. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 34 pacientes, sendo 24 homens e 10 mulheres, com média de idade de 41,9 anos. A maioria era de homens, com alta incidência de diabetes mellitus, HIV e drogadição, que residiam em áreas livres. Metade não relatou trauma evidente. O agente infeccioso mais comum foi o Staphylococcus aureus. Aproximadamente 62% dos pacientes precisaram de troca do esquema inicial de antibióticos, sendo a penicilina o medicamento mais frequentemente substituído. Os antibióticos beta-lactâmicos e quinolonas foram os mais eficientes. Conclusão: Esses resultados sugerem a importância de avaliar cuidadosamente o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com infecções agudas na mão e aprimorar o tratamento empírico inicial para garantir uma terapia adequada e eficaz. Nível de Evidência IV, Estudo Observacional Transversal. Objetivo importante Métodos 202 2022 excluindose excluindo se póscirúrgicas pós cirúrgicas incompletos Realizouse Realizou quiquadrado, quiquadrado qui quadrado, quadrado qui-quadrado variáveis Resultados 3 2 1 mulheres 419 41 9 41, anos mellitus drogadição livres evidente aureus 62 substituído betalactâmicos beta lactâmicos eficientes Conclusão eficaz IV Transversal 20 4 6

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of adding quaternary ammonium methacrylates (QAMs) to experimental adhesives by assessing the degree of conversion (DC), cytotoxicity against keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity against biofilm formation. Two QAMs were added to an experimental adhesive: dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate bromododecane (DMADDM) or dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate bromohexadecane (DMAHDM) at three concentrations each: 1, 2.5, and 5 wt.%. Experimental adhesive without QAMs (control group) and commercially available Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California, USA) were used for comparisons. The adhesives were tested for DC, cytotoxicity against keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity against biofilm formation. DC, cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, and antibacterial activity were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons. Cytotoxicity against keratinocytes was evaluated using the Kruskal Wallis and Dunn’s post-hoc (α = 5%) tests. Transbond showed lower DC as compared to 5% DMAHDM, 1% DMADDM, and 5% DMADDM (p < 0.05). However, all groups presented proper DC when compared to commercial adhesives in the literature. In the evaluation of cytotoxicity against keratinocytes, Transbond induced higher viability than 2.5 wt.% groups (p < 0.05). Against fibroblasts, Transbond induced higher viability as compared to 5 wt.% groups (p < 0.05). DMAHDM at 5 wt.% reduced biofilm formation when compared to all the other groups (p < 0.05). Despite their cytotoxic effect against keratinocytes, gingival fibroblasts showed higher viability. DMAHDM at 5 wt.% decreased Streptococcus mutans viability. The incorporation of DMAHDM at 5 wt.% may be a strategy for reducing the development of white spot lesions. (QAMs , (DC) (DMADDM (DMAHDM each 1 25 2 wt control group 3M M Unitek Monrovia California USA comparisons oneway one way Tukeys Tukey s Dunns Dunn posthoc post hoc α tests p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) However literature 2. wt. lesions (DC 00 0.0 0.

Silver(I) complexes of amantadine (atdH), memantine (mtnH) and rimantadine (rtdH), named Ag-atd, Ag-mtn and Ag-rtd, respectively, were recently synthesized and described in the literature as promising antibacterial agents. In the present study, the cytotoxicity of such complexes was evaluated against cultures of primary epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT) and murine melanoma tumor cells (B16-F10), and mutagenicity was studied by the Ames test to investigate their abilities to induce gene mutations. The Ames test was performed using Salmonella Typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA97a) capable of detecting frameshift and base pair substitution gene mutations, in experiments with and without metabolic activation (microsomal fraction S9). This study revealed significant cytotoxic activity against tumor cells and selectivity of Ag-atd and Ag-rtd complexes when compared to non-tumor human keratinocyte cells. Moreover, the Ag(I) complexes did not induce a significant growth in the number of revertant colonies when comparing with the negative control, both in the experiments without and with metabolic activation, indicating absence of mutagenic activity. The results are encouraging and collaborate in the genotoxicological investigations necessary for understanding the interaction and ability of the silver complexes to induce mutations and contribute to ensure their uses as future antibacterial or antitumor agents. SilverI Silver I Silver(I atdH, atdH , (atdH) mtnH (mtnH rtdH, rtdH (rtdH) Agatd, Agatd Ag atd, atd Agmtn mtn Agrtd, Agrtd rtd, rtd respectively agents HaCaT (HaCaT B16F10, B16F10 BF B16 F10 B F (B16-F10) TA98, TA98 TA (TA98 TA100 TA10 TA97a TAa microsomal S9. S9 S . S9) nontumor non Moreover AgI Ag(I control (atdH (rtdH B16F1 B1 F1 (B16-F10 TA9 (TA9 TA1 B16F (B16-F1 (TA (B16-F

Abstract Bacterial contamination causes irreparable losses in the performance of alcoholic fermentation. Antibiotics are used to control these microorganisms, but they generate residues and cause microbial resistance. Today the only commercial product used by the mills is hops, but it is very expensive. As an alternative, the objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using extracts from plants grown in the Cerrado for antimicrobial control during an alcoholic fermentation to replace antibiotics. Hydraethanolic extracts of leaves and essential oil of the following species were tested: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Serjania erecta, Serjania marginata, Campomanesia adamantium and Syzygium cumini. Only the extract of Serjania marginata did not show any activity against the bacterium Bacillus sp. Both the essential oils as well as the hydroalcoholic extracts of S. terebinthifolius and C. adamantium and the extract of S. erecta showed antibacterial activity without harming the yeast, with potential to replace the hops. microorganisms resistance hops expensive alternative antibiotics tested Raddi cumini sp S C yeast

Resumo A contaminação bacteriana provoca perdas irreparáveis no desempenho da fermentação alcoólica. Antibióticos são utilizados para controlar esses microrganismos, mas geram resíduos e causam resistência microbiana. Hoje o único produto comercial utilizado pelas fábricas é o lúpulo, mas é muito caro. Como alternativa, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade da utilização de extratos de plantas cultivadas no Cerrado para controle antimicrobiano durante uma fermentação alcoólica em substituição a antibióticos. Foram testados extratos hidroetanólicos de folhas e óleo essencial das seguintes espécies: Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Serjania erecta, Serjania marginata, Campomanesia adamantium e Syzygium cumini. Apenas o extrato de Serjania marginata não apresentou atividade contra a bactéria Bacillus sp. Tanto os óleos essenciais como os extratos hidroetanólicos de S. terebinthifolius e C. adamantium e o extrato de S. erecta apresentaram atividade antibacteriana sem agredir a levedura, com potencial para substituir o lúpulo. microrganismos microbiana lúpulo caro alternativa antibióticos espécies Raddi cumini sp S C levedura

Abstract Natural compounds are possible alternatives for wound treatment, including Ilex paraguariensis, a plant with several pharmacological actions already reported, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and healing activities. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a technological and scientific mapping of Ilex paraguariensis used for healing and/or analgesic purposes. Technological prospection was carried out in the Questel-Orbit system, while the scientific research was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. The terms “Ilex paraguariensis”, “Yerba-mate”, “Painkiller”, “Analgesic”, “Wound”, “Healing”, and “Scar” were combined using Boolean operators “OR” and “AND”. The technological prospection resulted in 164 patents found initially. After sorting the abstracts, five patents were read entirely, of which three were selected. Such selected patents report using Ilex paraguariensis for analgesics, wound healing, personal care, and pharmaceutical applications. In addition, the scientific research showed a small number of studies aimed at using Ilex paraguariensis for healing and/or analgesic purposes. Among the 26 articles initially found, only 5 met the inclusion requirements. Scientific studies demonstrate that Ilex paraguariensis is used as an extract or drink, presenting promising results regarding analgesia, inflammation, and wound healing, using in vitro or in vivo models. Despite the potential of Ilex paraguariensis in skin wound therapy, our study demonstrates that few patents and scientific studies explore Ilex paraguariensis for this purpose. This fact may be an incentive for the development of further studies employing Ilex paraguariensis in cutaneous wound management and the pain associated with them. treatment reported antiinflammatory, antiinflammatory anti inflammatory, inflammatory anti-inflammatory antibacterial antioxidant activities Therefore andor purposes QuestelOrbit Questel Orbit system PubMed Science databases , paraguariensis” Yerbamate, Yerbamate Yerba mate “Yerba-mate” Painkiller, Painkiller “Painkiller” Analgesic, Analgesic “Analgesic” Wound, Wound “Wound” Healing, Healing “Healing” Scar “Scar OR “OR AND. AND . “AND” 16 abstracts entirely analgesics care applications addition 2 requirements drink analgesia inflammation models therapy purpose them “Yerba-mate “Painkiller “Analgesic “Wound “Healing “AND 1