In Africa, 40% of traffic fatalities are pedestrians - the highest proportion globally. Yet little is known about driver characteristics that are associated with unsafe driving in African countries. We aimed to explore associations between driving practices that endanger pedestrian safety and motorists' attitudes to the law (i.e. lawlessness and normlessness), controlling for sociodemographic and personality factors. We used the Response Time Method, based on Russell Fazio's attitude paradigm, to collect information about driver behaviours, attitudes, and personality traits among a sample of 440 motorists. Male gender was associated with unsafe driving, even when controlling for the effects of personality and attitudes to the law. Unsafe driving was also associated with four dimensions of motorists' personality, namely aggression, impulsivity, risk tolerance, and altruism, even when controlling for sociodemographic factors. Lawlessness (defined as a general disregard for the law) is also an important determinant of unsafe driving, even when controlling for sociodemographic and personality factors. These findings suggest that efforts to improve pedestrian safety in South Africa should focus on changing motorists' attitudes to the law. SIGNIFICANCE: This study addresses pedestrian safety in the context of South Africa. The fact that 40% of traffic fatalities are pedestrians highlights the urgent need to understand the factors contributing to unsafe driving practices. The study delves into uncharted territory by examining driver characteristics associated with unsafe driving. Through exploring associations between driving practices that endanger pedestrian safety and motorists' attitudes to the law, this article provides valuable insights that can inform targeted interventions.

Resumen Últimamente, la educación se ha visto desafiada por el contexto digital que beneficia a las plataformas virtuales que contienen creaciones de youtubers o influencers, los cuales se enfocan en entretener más que en formar integralmente al estudiante. En este sentido, este artículo considera a las paradojas como recursos didácticos que pueden ayudar al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico del estudiante durante su formación. Esta investigación es documental y se basa en la consulta de fuentes escritas y de internet. Comienza aclarando los conceptos de falacia y reducción al absurdo, pues las paradojas han sido vistas como falacias muy sutiles por algunos estudiosos como Bertrand Russell y, además, hay quienes utilizan las paradojas para realizar deducciones, como ocurre en la reducción al absurdo que se aplica en el argumento ontológico de San Anselmo de Canterbury. Enseguida, se analiza una lista de paradojas, pero con el objetivo de que puedan ser utilizadas en un aula de clase. Así, se trata sobre algunas paradojas como la paradoja de Aquiles y la Tortuga, la de Galileo, la del hotel de Hilbert, la de Tristam Shandy, la de Protágoras, etc. Este trabajo se cierra tratando de explicitar el aspecto afectivo y emocional que un estudiante experimenta cuando trata con esta clase de problemas.

Abstract Lately, education has been challenged by the digital context that benefits virtual platforms that contain creations of youtubers or influencers, which focus on entertaining rather than comprehensively educating the student. In this sense, this article considers paradoxes as didactic resources that can help the development of students’ critical thinking during their education. This research is documentary and is based on the consultation of written sources and the Internet. It begins by clarifying the concepts of fallacy and reductio ad absurdum, since paradoxes have been seen as very subtle fallacies by some scholars such as Bertrand Russell and, in addition, there are those who use paradoxes to make deductions, as occurs in the reductio ad absurdum applied in the ontological argument of St. Anselm of Canterbury. Next, a list of paradoxes is analyzed, but with the objective that they can be used in a clssroom. Thus, some paradoxes such as the paradox of Achilles and the Tortoise, Galileo’s paradox, Hilbert’s hotel paradox, Tristam Shandy’s paradox, Protagoras’ paradox, etc. are discussed. This work closes by trying to make explicit the affective and emotional aspect that a student experiences when dealing with this kind of problems.

ABSTRACT Introduction : Prediction of cardiovascular risk favors prevention of cardiovascular events. Objective : To estimate cardiovascular risk and determine the periodontal condition of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods : A cross-sectional study was carried out with 60 subjects admitted to the coronary care unit at Hospital General Docente Vladimir Ilich Lenin, with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome and, in turn, meeting with the inclusion criteria. The principles of medical ethics were taken into account, the Russell's Periodontal Index was used, and cardiovascular risk was determined according to the cardiovascular risk prediction tables approved for Cuba. The variables included in these tables were evaluated. Results : Acute myocardial infarction occurred in 58.3 % of the patients. 55.0 % were male, and 35.0 % were in the age group 55-64 years. Regarding their periodontal condition, 76.7 % presented periodontitis. According to the explored risk factors, tobacco addiction was present in 71.7 %, while arterial hypertension was present in 65.0 % of the subjects. 25.0 % of the patients with low cardiovascular risk had periodontitis. Conclusions : According to the used cardiovascular risk prediction tables, more than half of the patients with acute coronary syndrome presented low or moderate cardiovascular risk; however, most of these had periodontitis.

RESUMEN Introducción : La predicción del riesgo cardiovascular favorece la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivo : Estimar el riesgo cardiovascular y determinar la condición periodontal de pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo. Método : Se realizó un estudio transversal en 60 sujetos admitidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Coronarios del Hospital Provincial Vladimir Ilich Lenin, con diagnóstico de síndrome coronario agudo, que a su vez cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se tuvieron en cuenta los principios de ética médica, se empleó el índice Periodontal de Russell y se determinó el riesgo cardiovascular según las Tablas de Predicción de Riesgo Cardiovascular aprobadas para Cuba. Se evaluaron las variables incluidas en dichas tablas. Resultados : El infarto agudo de miocardio se presentó en el 58,3 %. El 55,0 % eran del sexo masculino, 35,0 % se encontraban en el grupo de edad de 55 a 64 años. En relación con la condición periodontal, el 76,7 % presentó periodontitis. Según los factores de riesgo explorados la adicción tabáquica estuvo presente en el 71,7 % y la hipertensión arterial en el 65,0 % de los sujetos. El 25,0 % de los pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular bajo presentaba periodontitis. Conclusiones : Según las tablas de predicción de riesgo cardiovascular empleadas, más de la mitad de los pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo presentaron riesgo cardiovascular bajo o moderado, sin embargo, la mayoría de estos presentaban periodontitis.

Abstract: Berkley’s so-called “master argument”-through which he proves his principle esse est percipi-has been submitted to mixed criticisms by various commentators. Some defend its validity from the perspective of their own interpretations, while some claim that the argument is fallacious due to several objections. This article defends the master argument against three objections raised by Russell, Pitcher and Tripton. These could be respectively characterized as “the objection of the confusion of the perceptive act with the perceived object”, “the objection of the confusion of the concept of the object with the object itself”, and “the objection of the solipsism of the present”. I present my own reading of the master argument in order to avoid misunderstandings and claim that the correct understanding of this argument requires considering the following issues: the clarification of the Berkeleyan concepts of idea and perception; the explication of the intentionality of perception, understood as its intentional direction towards intentional objects (ideas); and the distinction between two levels of intentional direction of mediated experience (of an idea through another one)-that is, a level directed towards the concept or mental representation as its immediate intentional object, and another level directed towards the represented object as its mediated intentional object.

Resumen: El llamado “argumento maestro” de Berkeley, por el cual demuestra su principio esse est percipi, ha recibido críticas mixtas por parte de los comentaristas: algunos defienden su validez desde sus propias interpretaciones y otros lo acusan de falaz con base en diversas objeciones. El presente artículo defiende al argumento maestro de tres objeciones por parte de Russell, Pitcher y Tipton, las cuales son referidas como “objeción de la confusión entre el acto perceptivo y el objeto percibido”, “objeción de la confusión entre el concepto del objeto y el objeto mismo” y “objeción del solipsismo del presente”. El autor propone su propia lectura del argumento maestro para evitar malentendidos y sostiene que dicho argumento cobra su verdadero sentido a partir de los siguientes puntos: la aclaración de los conceptos berkeleyanos de idea y percepción; la explicitación de la intencionalidad de la percepción en el sentido de su dirección intencional hacia objetos intencionales (ideas); y la distinción entre los dos niveles de dirección intencional de la percepción mediata (de una idea por medio de otra), a saber: uno dirigido al concepto o representación mental como su objeto intencional inmediato y el otro dirigido al objeto representado como su objeto intencional mediato.

Resumen El presente artículo aborda, desde el análisis feminista, dos ideas clave del estudio y posterior representación de la violencia asesina contra las mujeres: la violación y la culpabilidad de las víctimas. La mirada feminista descubre todo un ámbito de comprensión al colocarse desde la perspectiva de las víctimas y cuestionar algunas de las ideas más aceptadas y generalizadas alrededor de los asesinos de mujeres. El artículo se enmarca en los primeros hallazgos de la investigación criminológica y los análisis feministas de Jane Caputi, Susan Brownmiller, Diana Russell y Celia Amorós, así como en las investigaciones periodísticas de algunas feministas dedicadas al reportaje y estudio de los casos.

Abstract This article addresses, from a feminist analysis, two key ideas in the study and subsequent representation of murderous violence against women: rape and victim-blaming. The feminist perspective uncovers a whole new area of understanding by placing itself from the perspective of the victims and questioning some of the most accepted and generalized ideas about the murderers of women. The article is framed in the early findings of criminological research and feminist analysis of Jane Caputi, Susan Brownmiller, Diana Russell and Celia Amorós, as well as in the journalistic investigations of some feminists dedicated to the reporting and study of the cases.

RESUMEN En Nariño, las variedades de arveja voluble, debido a su alta capacidad productiva, no logran mantenerse erguidas a pesar del uso de sistemas de tutorado, lo que genera acame y pérdidas en el rendimiento y la calidad del producto. Una opción viable para mitigar el problema es el uso de genotipos volubles con el gen afila que reemplaza hojas por zarcillos, favoreciendo el agarre de las plantas sobre las cuerdas que sirven de tutores. En busca de una solución a este problema, se evaluó la adaptabilidad y estabilidad fenotípica para el rendimiento en vaina verde de 20 líneas de arveja voluble con el gen afila y los testigos de hoja normal Obonuco Andina y Sindamanoy en cinco municipios del sur del departamento de Nariño. En cada localidad se aplicó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron utilizando los modelos de Eberhart y Russell y AMMI. En el modelo de Eberhart y Russell, los ambientes más favorables fueron Puerres y Gualmatán y el ambiente más desfavorable fue Potosí. Las líneas GR15, GR10 y la variedad Sindamanoy fueron seleccionadas como de alto rendimiento, adaptables y predecibles. El análisis de varianza para el modelo AMMI indicó un alto efecto ambiental resultante de ambientes contrastantes y baja diversidad entre las líneas con el gen afila evaluadas. El índice de selección (GSIi) obtenido a partir del valor de estabilidad (ASV) y la clasificación por rendimiento, permitió la identificación y selección por orden de mérito de los genotipos Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy y GR3 como los de mayor estabilidad y rendimiento. La coincidencia en la selección entre los modelos Eberhart y Russell y AMMI fue del 33,3%.

ABSTRACT In Nariño, the climbing pea varieties, due to their high production capacity, are unable to stand upright despite the use of trellising systems, resulting in lodging and losses in yield and product quality. A viable option to mitigate the problem is the use of climbing genotypes with the afila gene that replaces leaves with tendrils, favoring the grip of the plants on the strings that serve as tutors. In search of a solution to this problem, the adaptability and phenotypic stability for green pod yield of 20 climbing pea lines with the afila gene and the normal-leaf controls Obonuco Andina and Sindamanoy were evaluated in five municipalities in the southern part of the department of Nariño. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used at each location. The data obtained were analyzed using the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models. In the Eberhart and Russell model, the most favorable environments were Puerres and Gualmatán and the most unfavorable environment was Potosí. Lines GR15, GR10 and the Sindamanoy variety were selected as high yielding, adaptable and predictable. The analysis of variance for the AMMI model indicated a high environmental effect, resulting from contrasting environments and low diversity between the lines with the afila gene evaluated. The selection index (GSIi) obtained from the stability value (ASV) and the classification by yield, allowed the identification and selection in order of merit of the genotypes Obonuco Andina, GR15, GR14, GR28, GR10, GR2, GR23, Sindamanoy and GR3 as those with the highest stability and yield. The coincidence in selection between the Eberhart and Russell and AMMI models was 33,3%.

Abstract Background and objective. Replantation rather than stump revision, is, with some exceptions, the best solution for amputations, specially in the upper limb. In order to optimize results, self-evaluation is essential. Therefore, the objective of the current study is to collect and analyze the functional outcomes (including objective and subjective variables) of replantation surgeries performed at our Department of Plastic Surgery at the University Central Hospital of Asturias (Spain) in the last decade. Methods. We evaluate the outcomes of replatations performed at our department from 2010, using a similar system of a previous case series from 2000 to 2009. Thus, objective functional outcomes include articular range of motion, prehension strength and sensitive discrimination regarding to Mayo Modified Table score for distal to wrist amputations and Chen Criteria for proximal ones. Subjective results were evaluated according to Russell Questionnaire. Results. From January 2010, 37 attempts of upper limb replantation were performed, 6 of them in 2021 (excluded from global analysis). 83.87% were distal to wrist (most of them affecting the thumb) and 48.39% work accidents. Most of the lesions were caused by cutting machinery. Global survival of the replanted fragments was 75%, with partial necrosis and stiffness as main complications. Mean result was acceptable, with some good results (most of them thumbs). We had 2 proximal cases with good results. Satisfaction among patients was bigger than in amputated ones. All of them but 1 would recommend the surgery. Conclusions. Replantation is a complex procedure that, when properly indicated, is an optimal treatment of cripple lesions of the upper limb and preferred by our patients rather than an amputation. Our results, with a decreasing number of procedures, are acceptable, better in thumb lesions. Most of the patients use their hand to almost of all daily life activities, showing satisfaction with the results.

Resumen Introducción y objetivo. Los reimplantes, salvo excepciones, son mejor solución para las amputaciones que la revisión del muñón, especialmente en miembro superior. En un contexto de optimización de resultados, es esencial la autoevaluación. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio es recoger los resultados funcionales (incluyendo variables objetivas y subjetivas) de los reimplantes realizados en nuestro Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (España) en la última década. Material y método. Evaluamos los resultados de los reimplantes realizados en nuestro servicio desde 2010 usando una sistemática similar a la empleada para una serie de casos analizada entre 2000 y 2009. Así, presentamos los resultados funcionales objetivos en rango articular, fuerza de prensión y discriminación sensitiva usando la Tabla de Mayo Modificada para amputaciones distales a muñeca y los Criterios de Chen para las proximales. Evaluamos los resultados subjetivos con el Cuestionario de Russell. Resultados. Desde enero de 2010 se realizaron 37 intentos de reimplante de miembro superior, 6 de ellos en 2021 (excluidos del análisis global). El 83.87% fueron distales a muñeca (la mayoría con afectación del 1er dedo) y el 48.39% accidentes laborales. La mayoría de las lesiones fueron por maquinaria cortante. La supervivencia global de los fragmentos reimplantados fue del 75%, con necrosis parciales y rigideces como principales complicaciones. El resultado medio fue aceptable, con algunos buenos resultados (la mayoría pulgares). Tuvimos 2 casos proximales con buenos resultados. La satisfacción de los pacientes fue mayor que en aquellos amputados. Todos menos 1 recomendarían el procedimiento. Conclusiones. Los reimplantes son procedimientos complejos que, bien indicados, suponen un tratamiento óptimo en lesiones mutilantes de miembro superior y es el preferido por nuestros pacientes frente a la amputación. Nuestros resultados, con un número decreciente de procedimientos, son aceptables, mejores en lesiones de 1er dedo. La mayoría de los pacientes usan su mano para casi todas sus actividades, mostrándose satisfechos con el resultado.

Resumen. El pasaje de la Elegía de Gray (PEG) en “On Denoting” es extremadamente obscuro y ha sido objeto de muy diversas interpretaciones. Aparentemente contiene una crítica devastadora contra la teoría de los conceptos denotativos que el propio Russell había postulado en The Principles of Mathematics (PM) (1903). En este artículo exponemos sucintamente dicha teoría semántica, examinamos detalladamente el pasaje en cuestión y exploramos algunas de las interpretaciones que pretenden desentrañar su sentido. Con ello mostramos, en primer lugar, que la crítica se dirige directamente contra la teoría de PM; en segundo lugar, que no es posible hacer unos pocos cambios homogéneos para habilitar una lectura literal del pasaje; finalmente, que, si bien algunos de los argumentos que los intérpretes han aducido para abandonar la teoría de los conceptos denotativos son sólidos, no es obvio que todos ellos se encuentren en PEG.

Abstract. The passage of “On Denoting” about Gray’s Elegy (PEG) is extremely obscure and has been the subject of many different interpretations. Apparently, it contains a devastating objection to the theory of denotative concepts that Russell himself had postulated in The Principles of Mathematics (PM) (1903). In this article we briefly expose this semantic theory, we examine in detail the passage in question, and we explore some of the interpretations that intend to unravel its meaning. With this we show, firstly, that this criticism is directed against the PM theory directly; secondly, that it is not possible to make a few homogeneous changes to enable a literal reading of the passage; finally, that although some of the arguments that the interpreters have argued to abandon the theory of denotative concepts are solid, it is not obvious that all of them are in PEG.

Abstract Thisstudy aims to understand the exile of Miguel Arraes, who was the governor of Pernambuco State during the 1964 civil--military coup d’état. In the aftermath of the coup, Arraes was arrested and left Brazil in mid-1965, seeking refuge in Algeria, which was known as the “Revolution Mecca” at that time. He remained in exile there until 1979. Meanwhile, he gathered a group of political supporters, which were mainly linked to his deposed government. Together, they developed strategies to resist the dictatorship in Brazil, such as coordinating opposition fronts, publishing complaints of international scope, and participating in the Bertrand Russell II Court. Despite being in exile, he remained under the surveillance of the dictatorial regime, particularly through the actions of the Brazilian embassy in Algiers. In order to do so, we examine memoirs of exile, whistleblowing bulletins published abroad, documents produced by the dictatorial government’s information agencies, as well as diplomatic correspondence exchanged between the Brazilian embassy and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Thus, we seek to understand how exile, although a strategy deployed to cast out those who were considered enemies, eventually became an opportunity for new strategies of resistance and insurgency to take hold.

Resumo O artigo objetiva compreender o exílio de Miguel Arraes, governador de Pernambuco no momento do golpe civil-militar de 1964. Imediatamente foi preso e, em meados de 1965, conseguiu partir para a Argélia, então conhecida como “Meca da Revolução”. Lá ficou exilado até o retorno, em 1979. Aos poucos, foi aglutinando em torno de si um pequeno grupo de apoiadores, sobretudo vinculados ao seu governo deposto, assim como passou a atuar junto ao governo argelino. Durante o exílio, Arraes agiu, conjuntamente com outros militantes, para a elaboração de estratégias de resistência à ditadura, articulando frentes de oposição, publicando denúncias de alcance internacional, participando do Tribunal Bertrand Russel II, entre outros. Mesmo exilado, Arraes foi mantido sob vigilância da ditadura, sobretudo com a ação da embaixada brasileira. Utilizamos, para tanto, memórias acerca do exílio, boletins de denúncia, a documentação produzida pelos órgãos de informação da ditadura e a correspondência diplomática trocada entre a embaixada brasileira em Argel e o Itamaraty. Buscamos compreender como o exílio, além de uma estratégia utilizada para fazer com que saíssem do país aqueles considerados inimigos, foi também um espaço de rearticulação política e criação de outras formas de resistência.

ABSTRACT The study of language, specifically semantic development, has considered the lateralisation of one hemisphere since its discovery by neurologists Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke in the 19th century. However, research conducted in the last decade, based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), found that language production and comprehension not only involve the left side of the brain but the eloquent areas may also form a large part of the brain mass. This study presents a brief historical account of the neurobiological study of the semantic processes of homo sapiens, with emphasis on the development of changes in the study of semantic processes theory from 2002 onwards. This work considers the latest research completed by the University of Berkeley (Lescroart and Gallant, 2019), which point out the lo cation of semantic maps in the brain, as well as the most recent studies on the construction of figurative meaning in relation to cultural and social processes.

RESUMEN El estudio del lenguaje, específicamente el desarrollo semántico, ha considerado la lateralización de un hemisferio, desde su descubrimiento por los neurólogos Paul Broca y Carl Wernicke en el siglo XIX. Sin embargo, los estudios de la última década, a partir de la resonancia magnética funcional (RMf), consideran que la producción y comprensión del lenguaje no solo implican el lado izquierdo del cerebro, sino que también las áreas elocuentes se encontrarían conformando gran parte de la masa cerebral. En el presente texto, se hace un breve recuento de lo acontecido en el tiempo, en relación con el estudio neurobiológico de los procesos semánticos del homo sapiens, y se pone énfasis en el desarrollo de los cambios en el estudio de la teoría de los procesos semánticos desde el 2002 hacia adelante. Se considera, en este trabajo, las últimas investigaciones alcanzadas por la universidad de Berkeley (Lescroart y Gallant, 2019) en las que se eviden cia la ubicación de los mapas semánticos en el cerebro, y las más recientes sobre la construcción de sentido figurado en relación con los procesos culturales y sociales.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery patients have symptoms such as “plugging.” Therefore, a possible good way to avoid these eating discomforts, typical of the early period after bariatric surgery, is to educate the patient. The Mindful Eating (ME) consists of paying attention to physical signs of hunger and satiety and developing awareness of emotional triggers related to food. In addition, conscious food choices reflect positively on the speed of chewing at mealtime. AIMS Due to the difficulties that patients reported during consultations to controlling their bad eating habits and the lack of tools to help the bariatric patient change eating habits, we elaborated “BariMEP: A Mindful Eating Placemat for bariatric surgery patients.” METHODS The BariMEP was written by the multidisciplinary bariatric team based on a study by Russell et al. and ME principles in order to help bariatric patients pay attention to what and how they eat at each meal. RESULTS The BariMEP has some instructions based on Mindful Eating principles: get your seat at the table; do not distract yourself; before starting to eat, try breathing sometimes; recognize the internal hunger and satiety cues; let the fork rest at each bite and chew a lot; pay attention to the smell and taste; and be as present as possible at this time with nonjudgment. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, a tool has been developed with the aim of preparing the patient for bariatric surgery. Since the BariMEP is easy to teach and cheap, we suggest that the BariMEP be included in the bariatric surgery protocol.

RESUMO RACIONAL Pacientes operados de cirurgia bariátrica apresentam sintomas como “entalo”. Portanto, uma possível maneira de evitar esses desconfortos alimentares, típicos do período inicial após a cirurgia bariátrica, é educar o paciente. O Mindful Eating (ME) consiste em avaliar aos sinais físicos de fome e saciedade e desenvolver a consciência dos gatilhos emocionais relacionados à alimentação. Além disso, as escolhas alimentares conscientes refletem positivamente na velocidade da mastigação durante as refeições. OBJETIVOS Devido às dificuldades, que os pacientes relataram durante as consultas, para controlar os maus hábitos alimentares e a falta de ferramentas para ajudar o paciente bariátrico na mudança, elaboramos o “BariMEP: um jogo americano de comer com atenção plena para pacientes de cirurgia bariátrica”. MÉTODOS O BariMEP foi escrito pela equipe multidisciplinar bariátrica com base no estudo de Russell et al. e nos princípios do Mindful Eating, para ajudar os pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica a prestar atenção ao que e como comem em cada refeição. RESULTADOS O BariMEP possui algumas instruções baseadas nos princípios do Mindful Eating: Sente-se à mesa; não se distraia; antes de começar a comer, respire algumas vezes; reconheça os sinais de fome e saciedade; deixe o garfo descansar a cada mordida e mastigue bastante; preste atenção ao aroma e sabor; esteja o mais presente possível neste momento e sem julgamentos. CONCLUSÃO Pela primeira vez, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta com o objetivo de preparar o paciente para a cirurgia bariátrica. Como o BariMEP é fácil de ensinar e barato, sugerimos que o BariMEP seja incluído no protocolo de cirurgia bariátrica.

ABSTRACT This article reports on a preliminary investigation into the language practices of three groups of deaf learners of English, all users of British Sign Language (BSL), and myself as their tutor in an adult education setting. These practices were explored through the lens of translanguaging, viewed as both a description of a linguistic process, and a theory of language, to learn more about how we draw on the totality of our resources to communicate and make meaning. The purpose of this investigation was to learn more about how BSL and English are used together in the same context and how that interplay works to our advantage. Additionally, consideration was also given to the contribution manually-coded English systems such as Sign Supported English (SSE) and Signed English (SE) make, together with the other written and sign languages, as well as gesture, enactment, pointing and other semiotic resources. Video recorded interactional data were collected from the classroom and supported by reflective notes and lesson plans. Both the video data, uploaded for analysis to ELAN, a multi-media annotation tool for creating time-aligned transcripts that supports a tier-based data model, and the written data corpus were examined using a thematic analysis. The findings revealed an illuminating picture of the interplay between languages, but also a movement beyond language as part of a broader semiotic repertoire to construct meaning in the classroom.

RESUMO Este artigo é baseado em uma investigação preliminar sobre práticas de línguas de três grupos de estudantes surdos da língua inglesa, todos usuários da Língua de Sinais Britânica (BSL) e eu como professor em um cenário de educação para adultos. Estas práticas foram exploradas através de lentes da translinguagem, vista como uma descrição do processo linguístico assim como teoria da linguagem, para aprendermos melhor a utilizar todos os nossos recursos para comunicação e criação de significado. O propósito desta investigação foi aprender um pouco mais sobre como a BSL e a Língua Inglesa são usadas conjuntamente no mesmo contexto e como esta interação nos traz vantagens. Adicionalmente, consideramos a contribuição de sistemas do Inglês manualmente codificados como Sign Supported English (SSE) e Signed English (SE), juntamente com outras línguas escritas e de sinais, assim como gestos, encenação, indicação e outros recursos semióticos. Dados interativos e gravados em vídeo foram coletados em salas de aula e respaldados por anotações reflexivas e planos de aulas. Tanto as informações em vídeo, transferidas para a ferramenta de anotações multimídia ELAN, que cria transcrições alinhadas no tempo baseado em um modelo de dados em níveis, como todo o conjunto de dados escritos, foram examinados usando uma análise temática. As descobertas revelaram um quadro esclarecedor da interação entre as línguas, mas também um movimento além da linguagem como parte de um repertório semiótico mais amplo para construir significado em sala de aula.

ABSTRACT On the basis of ethnographic research with mothers, managerial and health care services and research teams during the Zika epidemic in Brazil since 2015, mediation activities of eight women in different care domains operating during the emergency situation are presented. The article discusses the concept of mediation as multifaceted, polysemic, and transitory, shown in cases of actors who “know how to go after” benefits in connections between family domains of care that are organized by a morality of everyday relationalities, managerial and professional care service domains by a morality of preservation of the service system network, and research domain, by a morality of knowledge. The practice of mediation is seen as preserving the social networks of mediators, who make complementary connections with other domains by way of specific acts, expressing emotions of different intensities which contribute to mutual confidence and the obtention of services. Examples are drawn for four mediators from the managerial and health service care, two from research teams, and two from associations that represent the families. Final considerations emphasize the importance of the time of emergency for the creation of more intense mediation, while the transient nature of the epidemic as an event is unfavorable for continuity.

RESUMO Com base de uma pesquisa etnográfica junto a mães, prestadores e gestores de serviços assistenciais de saúde e equipes pesquisa na epidemia do Zika no Brasil a partir de 2015, este trabalho apresenta a atuação de oito mulheres na mediação e formação de redes em diferentes domínios de cuidado que cruzam o ambiente emergencial. Discute o conceito de mediação como multifacetado, polissêmico e transitório ocorrendo no “saber correr atrás” (de benefícios) de atores na conexão entre domínios familiares de cuidado que se organizam por uma moral de relacionalidade cotidiana, do domínio de serviços de atendimento e gestão com uma moral de preservação do sistema de atendimento, e do domínio de pesquisadores com uma moral de conhecimento. Argumenta que a prática de mediação usa e preserva as redes no domínio do mediador, mostrando a sua conexão complementar a outro domínio através de ações especificas, expressando emoções em diferentes intensidades que contribuem à confiabilidade mutua e consecução de serviços. Exemplifica a atuação de quatro mediadoras dos serviços de atendimento e de gestão, duas de equipes de pesquisa, e duas de associações que representam as famílias. Termina realçando a importância do tempo emergencial na criação de mediação mais intensa enquanto a transitoriedade do evento da epidemia desfavorece continuidades.

Resumen Este artículo aborda la relación entre género, generación y política en la construcción de la memoria de la dictadura militar brasileña (1964-1985). Para ello, toma como hilo conductor dos testimonios de Carmela Pezzuti (1926-2009), funcionaria pública originaria de la provincia de Minas Gerais, que comenzó a militar en la lucha armada junto a sus hijos, Angelo y Murilo, en la década de 1960. La investigación analiza diferentes momentos de inscripción de sus memorias después de las experiencias de la prisión y de la tortura: a) en la primera sesión del Tribunal Russell II, realizado en Roma, en los años 1970, durante su exilio en Italia; b) en el libro “Compañera Carmela”, de Mauricio Paiva, publicado en los años 1990. Si, en el primer caso, el protagonismo simbólico de las madres no era expresado como parte integrante de la tarea política propiamente dicha, se verifica un cambio de acento en el segundo, ya después de los debates que conjugaron feminismo y derechos humanos en la lucha por la amnistía.

Abstract This article addresses the relationship between gender, generation and politics in the construction of the memory of the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964-1985). In order to do so, it takes two testimonies from Carmela Pezzuti (1926-2009), a civil servant from Minas Gerais, who began to be a member of the armed struggle together with her sons, Angelo and Murilo, in the 1960s. The research analyses different moments of inscription of her memories after the experiences of imprisonment and torture: a) in the first session of the Russell II Tribunal, held in Rome in the 1970s, during her exile in Italy; b) in the book “Companheira Carmela”, by Mauricio Paiva, published in the 1990s. If, in the first case, the symbolic protagonism of mothers was not expressed as an integral part of the political task itself, there is a change of emphasis in the second, after the debates that combined feminism and human rights in the fight for amnesty.

Abstract Participatory methods contribute to scientific rigor by highlighting the contextual needs, especially of underrepresented populations, making them protagonists in the process of social change. This article aims to present the application of a participatory research method, called Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), in a context of social vulnerability in southern Brazil. It seeks to discuss the challenges and strengths of the method, which provides ecological validity for the development of public policies appropriate to the context, while empowering the participants. The research has been carried out since 2019 and, among the inherent challenges, has also faced the difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the application of this method in Brazil, the importance of involving participants throughout the research process has been identified, so that policies are developed to meet the needs of the community and are sustained by those most interested.

Resumen Los métodos participativos contribuyen al rigor científico al destacar las necesidades del contexto, especialmente de las poblaciones subrepresentadas, haciéndolas protagonistas del proceso de cambio social. Este artículo pretende presentar la aplicación de un método de investigación participativa, denominado Investigación Participativa Basada en la Comunidad (IBCB), en un contexto de vulnerabilidad social en el sur de Brasil. Busca discutir los desafíos y fortalezas del método, con validez ecológica para el desarrollo de políticas públicas, al tiempo que empodera a los participantes. La investigación empezó en 2019 y, entre los desafíos, también se ha enfrentado a las dificultades planteadas por la pandemia de Covid-19. A partir de la aplicación de este método en el contexto brasileño, se ha identificado la importancia de involucrar a los participantes en el proceso de investigación, para que se desarrollen políticas que respondan a las necesidades de la comunidad y sean mantenidas por los más interesados.

Resumo Métodos participativos contribuem para o rigor científico ao evidenciarem demandas do contexto, especialmente com populações sub-representadas, tornando-as protagonistas do processo de transformação social. Este estudo objetivou apresentar a aplicação de um método participativo de pesquisa, a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), em um contexto de vulnerabilização social no sul do Brasil. Busca-se discutir os desafios e as potencialidades do método, que oferece recursos de validade ecológica para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas próprias ao contexto, ao mesmo tempo em que empodera seus participantes. A pesquisa vem sendo realizada desde o ano de 2019 e, dentre os desafios inerentes, também enfrentou as dificuldades impostas pela pandemia de Covid-19. A partir da aplicação deste método em contexto brasileiro, identificou-se a relevância de se envolver os participantes ao longo do processo de pesquisa, a fim de que as ações desenvolvidas sejam desenvolvidas em coerência com as demandas trazidas pela comunidade, e mantidas por aqueles que são seus maiores interessados.