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Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activity of new hybrid structures based on benzimidazole and thiadiazole
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Bostancı, Hayrani Eren

; Çevik, Ulviye Acar Işık, Ayşen Maryam, Zahra İnce, Ufuk Özkay, Yusuf Kaplancıklı, Zafer Asım

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2025, Volumen 61 elocation e23939

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Hybrid structures containing multiple pharmacophore units with known activity have attracted attention due to their promising outcomes. In this study, several new hybrid structures containing benzimidazole and thiadiazole units were synthesized. The newly synthesized compounds were structurally analyzed using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS, and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial, in vitro anti-cancer, and antioxidant activities of all compounds were investigated. In vitro antimicrobial activities of the compounds were determined against Gram-positive (S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. faecalis ATCC 29212), Gram-negative (E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853) bacteria and fungi (C. albicans ATCC 10231) by using broth microdilution method. The compound 5g bearing 4-methoxyphenyl derivative showed the best activity with 32 μg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The MTT test was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the produced compounds on the MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and L-929 (fibroblast) cell lines. FRAP method was used to determine the antioxidant properties of synthesized compounds. The Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power of the compounds 5a, 5b, and 5c showed more antioxidant properties than vitamin E. The compound 5g stands out in the series in that it is not toxic on the healthy cell line and has promising antimicrobial activity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902025e23939

Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and comparators against gram-negative bacilli: Results from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART - Brazil), 2018‒2021
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Bittencourt, Amanda Azevedo

; Faustino, Vinicius Lima

; Batista, Paula de Mendonça

; Leonel, Lays Paulino

; Paula, Marina Della Negra de Polis, Thales José

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2025, Volumen 29 elocation 104497

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Increased spread of antimicrobial resistance by Gram-Negative Bacilli (GNB) poses a global challenge, with exacerbated burden post-pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and its comparators against the frequently identified GNB isolated from patients admitted to Brazilian medical sites between the year 2018‒2019 and 2020‒2021. The impact of pandemic on antimicrobial resistance and presence of β-lactamase genes were also evaluated. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of ß-lactamase encoding genes using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were carried out from GNB isolated mostly from intra-abdominal, respiratory, and urinary tract infections and interpreted following BrCAST/EUCAST guidelines. A total of 3994 GNB isolates were evaluated which mostly included E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. Ceftolozane/tazobactam remained highly active against E. coli isolates during both 2018‒2019 (96.0 %) and 2020‒2021 (98.5 %). Among K. pneumoniae, ceftolozane/tazobactam (47.6 % and 43.0 % susceptible during 2018‒2019 and 2020‒2021, respectively) showed poor activity due to blaKPC-2. Colistin and ceftolozane/tazobactam were the most active β-lactam agents tested against P. aeruginosa in 2018‒2019 (99.3 % and 88.8 %) and 2020‒2021 (100 % and 92.8 %), including ceftazidime and meropenem resistant isolates. β-lactamase encoding gene characterization was carried out and both carbapenemases and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producers were found in E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates. Ceftolozane/tazobactam documented remarkable in vitro activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa isolates in Brazil, both pre- and post-pandemic periods and could constitute an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, and respiratory tract infections.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2024.104497

Caracterización fenotípica y genotípica de carbapenemasas producidas por patógenos bacterianos gramnegativos aislados en hospitales de Paraguay (2022)
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Melgarejo Touchet, Nancy Lorena

; Martínez Mora, Mario Fabián

; Brítez, Cristina M

; Dunjo, Pamela

; Kawabata, Aníbal

; Laconich, Marcela

; Irala, Juan Domingo

; Gómez Duarte, Gloria Elizabeth

; Cuevas Gorostiaga, Ana María

; González, Marta

; López, Evelyn

; Abreu, Karina

; Blasco Gavilán, Raquel

; Portillo de Naleiro, Rosa Estela

; Viera, Carolina

; Jara Amarilla, Karen Antonella

; Velázquez Sánchez, Dolly

; Pereira Martínez, Jazmín Clarissa

; Ramírez, Sara

; Rojas, Viviana

; Lesme, Rocío Alejandra

; Abente, Sonia

; Goertzen, Stefan

; Busignani, Sofia

Revista del Nacional (Itauguá)

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2025, Volumen 17 elocation e1700106

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: the dissemination of Gram-negative bacteria resistant to carbapenems represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality, being a growing threat to public health and of great concern worldwide. Although resistance to carbapenems can be due to several mechanisms, the most relevant, clinically and epidemiologically, is enzyme production. The goals of this study were to phenotypically and genotypically characterize carbapenemases produced by clinically important Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) isolated in hospitals in Paraguay in 2022 and evaluate the susceptibility to colistin. Methodology: retrospective study, carried out on 1226 GNB strains sent to the Central Laboratory during 2022 for phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Identification studies were performed out by conventional methods, susceptibility to colistin by microdilution in broth, and molecular studies for the confirmation of resistance genes. Results: in total, of 1226 GNB isolates, 629 (51 %) were confirmed as non-carbohydrate-fermenting GNB (89 % Acinetobacter spp.) and 597 (49 %) as carbohydrate-fermenting GNB (74 % Klebsiella pneumoniae). Carbapenemases OXA-23 (94.9 %), NDM (3.1 %), OXA-23+NDM (1.8 %) and OXA-23+NDM+OXA-58 (0.2 %) were confirmed in Acinetobacter baumannii; in K. pneumoniae: NDM (84.5 %), KPC (11.7 %), KPC+NDM (3.7 %) and NDM+OXA-48like (0.2 %); and in P. aeruginosa the prevalent was NDM (50.9 %). Colistin-associated resistance was found mainly in K. pneumoniae (24%). Conclusions: in our country the circulation of carbapenemase-producing bacteria is endemic. The co-production of these enzymes is confirmed. NDM is prevalent in Enterobacterales and P. aeruginosa, and OXA-23 in A. baumannii. The high resistance associated with colistin in K. pneumoniae makes it imperative to have new, more effective antimicrobials for the treatment of infections.

RESUMEN Introducción: la diseminación de bacterias gramnegativas resistentes a carbapenémicos representa una causa importante de morbi-mortalidad, siendo una amenaza creciente para la salud pública y de gran preocupación en el mundo. Aunque la resistencia a carbapenémicos puede ser debida a varios mecanismos, el más relevante, clínica y epidemiológicamente, es por producción de enzimas. Objetivos: caracterizar fenotípica y genotípicamente carbapenemasas producidas por bacilos gramnegativos de importancia clínica aislados en hospitales de Paraguay en el año 2022 y evaluar la susceptibilidad a colistina. Metodología: estudio multicéntrico, retrospectivo, realizado en 1226 cepas remitidas al Laboratorio Central durante el año 2022 para su caracterización fenotípica y genotípica. Fueron realizados estudios de identificación (métodos convencionales), susceptibilidad a colistina (microdilución en caldo), y de confirmación de genes de resistencia (moleculares). Resultados: de las 1226 cepas estudiadas, 629 (51 %) correspondieron a no fermentadores (89 % Acinetobacter spp.) y 597 (49 %) a fermentadores (74 % Klebsiella pneumoniae). Las carbapenemasas confirmadas en A. baumannii fueron: OXA-23(94,9 %), NDM (3,1 %), OXA-23 + NDM (1,8 %) y OXA-23+NDM+OXA-58 (0,2 %); en K. pneumoniae: NDM (84,5 %), KPC (11,7 %), KPC+NDM (3,7 %) y NDM+OXA-48like (0,2 %); y en P. aeruginosa la prevalente fue NDM (50,9 %). La resistencia asociada a colistina, fue encontrada principalmente en K. pneumoniae (24 %). Conclusión: en nuestro país es endémica la circulación de bacterias productoras de carbapenemasa. La coproducción de estas enzimas está confirmada. NDM es la prevalente en Enterobacterales y P. aeruginosa y OXA-23 en A. baumannii. La alta resistencia asociada a colistina en K. pneumoniae hace imperiosa la necesidad de contar con nuevos antimicrobianos más efectivos para el tratamiento de las infecciones.

https://doi.org/10.18004/rdn2025.e1700106

Chemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Pavonia glazioviana Gurke (Malvaceae)
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Oliveira, Micaelly S.

; Chaves, Otemberg S. Teles, Yanna C. F. Fernandes, Diégina A. Silva, Camila Macaúbas Queiroz, Wallace A. M. Lima, Jéssica B. Mazzotti, Maristela R. R. M. Lima, Edeltrudes O. Fernandes, Givanildo L. Conceição, Adilva S. Souza, Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de

Química Nova

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2025, Volumen 48 Nº 1 elocation e-20250011

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Species from Pavonia genus (Malvaceae) are traditionally used as antioxidant, n anti inflammatory and antimicrobial remedies. Previous studies have revealed their diversity of specialized metabolites widely used in the development of new medicines. This is the first study on Pavonia glazioviana Gurke, a Brazilian species known as “Malva da Chapada”. The research led to identify fifteen compounds: 132 (S) hydroxy pheophytin a; and 132(S) hydroxy 173 ethoxyphaeophorbide, n decanol, cycloart 23Z ene 3β,25 diol, cycloart 24S 25 ene 3β,24 diol, sitosterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, stigmasterol 3 O β D glucopyranoside, quercetin, acacetin, kaempferol, tiliroside, 5 hydroxy 3,7,8,4’ tetramethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone, 5,7 dihydroxy 4’ methoxyflavone, 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3,8 dimethoxyflavone and 5,7,4’ trihydroxy 3 methoxyflavone. The major flavonoids were tested for their antimicrobial activity, and the compound 5,7 dihydroxy 3,8,4’ trimethoxyflavone showed strong activity against Escherichia coli (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida albicans (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida tropicalis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Candida parapsilosis (MIC = 512 μg mL1), Aspergillus flavus (MIC = 512 μg mL1) and A. fumigantus (MIC = 512 μg mL1). The total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and radical scavenging potential were determined showing its great production of phenolics and flavonoids, along with interesting radical scavenging potential (DPPH EC50 = 6.36 ± 0.029 mg mL 1). Our findings contributed to characterize P. glazioviana as a source of methoxylated flavonoids with antimicrobial potential.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20250011

FIRST REPORT ON THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF TWO OLEORESINS AS WELL AS THEIR MAIN CONSTITUENTS
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Elkolli, Meriem Elkolli, Hayet Benguerba, Yacine

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society

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Ago 2024, Volumen 69 Nº 1 Paginas 6042 - 6053

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in silico antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of two oleoresins; Myrrh and Pine resin used in the Algerian traditional pharmacopoeia. The antibacterial effect of oleoresins was evaluated by the agar diffusion test against three bacterial strains; E. coli (ATCC 25922), S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and P. aeuroginosa (ATCC 27853). The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH method and the protein inhibition denaturation test was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory efficacy. Resins main compounds were docked in silico against the bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase using the Autodock Tools 1.5.7 software. This study was carried out to determine their modes of binding with the active residues of this molecular target enzyme of antimicrobial agents. Molinspiration Cheminformatics and SwissADME online tools were used to predict physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters while OSIRIS Property Explorer online tools were used to predict toxicity risks. The results show that the Myrrh was effective against E. coli and S. aureus (17 mm) and that the Pine resin was similarly effective against E. coli (11 mm) and S. aureus (10 mm), but P. aeruginosa was completely resistant. The antioxidant test showed that both oleoresins had considerable ability to reduce the DPPH, with good IC50 of 0.49 ± 0.13 and 0.53 ± 0.06 mg/ml, respectively, compared to the BHT (0.89 ± 0.45 mg/ml). Both oleoresins had a remarkable anti-denaturation effects. The data of in silico studies revealed that all phytocompounds fit into the active pocket of the target enzyme and the binding energies ranged between −10.06 (Dehydroabietic acid) and −4.3 kcal/mol (D-glucuronic acid). The toxic and pharmacokinetic characteristics are, mostly, satisfying except for some compounds which have shown toxic effects, in particular Limonene, 4-allylanisole and Vanillin. We conclude that the extracts and their primary phytocompounds can enhance the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory existing drugs without side effects.

https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-97072024000106042

Biosíntesis de nanopartículas de plata con actividad antimicrobiana por Pseudomonas aeruginosa ambiental
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Jiménez Mejía, Rafael

; Ramírez Herrera, Ángel Daniel

; Orozco Ceja, Jesús Alejandro

; González Domínguez, Martha I.

Mundo nano. Revista interdisciplinaria en nanociencias y nanotecnología

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Jun 2024, Volumen 17 Nº 32 elocation e00084

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: Las nanopartículas de plata (NPs-Ag) son de gran interés debido a las aplicaciones potenciales en diferentes áreas. En busca de metodologías que no presenten riesgos a la salud y sean amigables con el ambiente, la biosíntesis de nanopartículas ha sido una opción viable. Se sabe que diversas biomoléculas presentes en los microrganismos pueden tener las funciones de agente oxidante, reductor y estabilizador, favoreciendo la formación de nanopartículas. En el presente trabajo se tuvo como objetivo la biosíntesis, caracterización y evaluación de la actividad antibacteriana de NPs-Ag. La biosíntesis se realizó a partir de sobrenadante de un cultivo de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, las nanopartículas se caracterizaron mediante espectroscopía UV-VIS, microscopía electrónica de barrido y difracción de rayos X, y la actividad antibacteriana se evaluó con ensayos de dilución en caldo Mueller Hinton, se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y concentración mínima bactericida (CMB) sobre bacterias Gram positivas y negativas. Se encontró que la mejor síntesis fue con una mezcla de 20% de sobrenadante conteniendo 3 mM de AgNO3, observando nanoestructuras con morfologías mixtas. Presentaron actividad contra bacterias Gram positivas y negativas con CMI de 1 a 2 µg/ml y CMB de 2 a 4 µg/ml. En conclusión, el sobrenadante de cultivos de P. aeruginosa es una alternativa viable para la síntesis de NPs-Ag con actividad antibacteriana.

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (NPs-Ag) are of great interest due to the potential applications in different areas. In order to find methodologies that not represent human health risk and also an ecofriendly one, biosynthesis of these nanoparticles has been a viable option. It is known that diverse biomolecules present in microorganisms can function as an oxidative, reductor and/or stabilizer agents, thanks to that silver nanoparticles synthesis could be favored. In this work the main objectives were the biosynthesis, characterization, and evaluation of antibacterial activity of NPs-Ag. Biosynthesis was made using the culture supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The NPs-Ag were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X‑ray diffraction and the antimicrobial effect was evaluated by dilution assays in Muller Hinton broth and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A mixture containing 20% of supernatant and 3 mM AgNO3 was the best way to obtain silver nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with mixed morphology were observed. The NPs-Ag showed antibacterial activity over Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with MIC of 1 to 2 µg/ml and MBC of 2 to 4 µg/ml. In conclusion, culture supernatant of P. aeruginosa is a viable pathway for the synthesis of NPs-Ag with antibacterial activity.

https://doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485691e.2024.32.69721

Post-partum osteomyelitis pubis
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d’Almeida, Mariana Gouvêa Carmo, Helena Cunha e Pereira, João Pedro Gomes, Inês Neves Leite, Cristina

Acta Obstétrica e Ginecológica Portuguesa

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Jun 2024, Volumen 18 Nº 2 Paginas 170 - 174

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A osteomielite da sínfise púbica é uma condição rara que pode ocorrer após partos vaginais. Existem alguns casos descritos, maioritariamente associados a partos eutócicos1-11. O microrganismo mais frequentemente associado a esta patologia é o Staphylococcus Aureus, mas P. aeruginosa e infeções polimicrobianas que incluam flora fecal também são causas comuns3,12. Apesar de o trauma pélvico ser um fator de risco importante, neste trabalho apresentamos um caso de osteomielite puerperal após um parto eutócico sem complicações.

Abstract Osteomyelitis pubis is a rare condition that can occur after vaginal delivery. There are few cases reported, mostly associated with normal vaginal deliveries1-11. Most common pathogen is Staphylococcus Aureus, but P. aeruginosa and polymicrobial infections evolving faecal flora are also common3,12. Although pelvic trauma has been associated with this rare condition, we present a case of osteomyelitis pubis related to uncomplicated vaginal delivery.

https://doi.org/10.69729/aogp.v18i2a11

Carvacrol-loaded invasomes biocidal effect against multidrug resistant isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and housefly
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Yehia, Marwa Gamal, Amr Abo El-Ela, Fatma I. Abdel-Baki, Abdel-Azeem S Ibrahium, Samar M Shokier, Khaled AM Al-Quraishy, Saleh Hassan, Ahmed O Abdelgelil, Noha H Aboelhadid, Shawky M

Austral journal of veterinary sciences

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Ene 2024, Volumen 56 Nº 1 Paginas 25 - 33

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The current study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol-loaded invasomes (CLI) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae and its mechanical vector, the housefly.CLI were prepared and characterized in the laboratory. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella entericasubsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovarTyphimurium, and Klebsiella oxytoca were among the MDR enterobacteriaceae stains investigated. These strains were first isolated and identified from naturally infected chickens. The antibacterial activity of CLI against the MDR isolates was evaluated using the diffusion method.In addition, the insecticidal activity of CLI against housefly larvae and pupae was tested.The MDR index of all evaluated isolates was greater than 20%, indicating that they were all multidrug-resistant. CLI decreased the growth of all isolates except S. Typhimurium and P. aeruginosa at a dose of 0.0125%; however, pure carvacrol inhibited the growth of only Klebsiella oxytoca. Furthermore, both CLI and pure carvacrol inhibited Klebsiella oxytoca growth at different concentrations.CLI inhibited E. coli and S. enteritidis at lower concentrations than pure carvacrol, even at a doubled concentration.Carvacrol and CLI caused significant larval mortality even at low concentrations, with LC50 reached at concentartions of 2.54 and 2.19 µl/ml, respectively. Furthermore, at a low concentration of 3.125 µl/ml, both elicited a high percentage inhibition rate (PIR) in pupae. In conclusion, CLI demonstrated substantial antibacterial action, particularly against MDR isolates, as well as pesticide activity against houseflies.

https://doi.org/10.4206/ajvs.561.04

Screening of antimicrobial activity of Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil. leaf extracts against carbapenemase-producing bacteria
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ONETTO, ANDREA LILIANA

; NOVOSAK, MARINA GISEL

; WINNIK, DANIANA LILIANA

; CORTESE, ILIANA JULIETA

; STOCKMANNS, PATRICIA ELIZABETH

; OVIEDO, PATRICIA NOEMÍ

; LACZESKI, MARGARITA ESTER

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2024, Volumen 96 Nº 3 elocation e20221129

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract I. paraguariensis St. Hil. is a south American species of agronomic interest with studies supporting its medicinal properties. As the investigation of active ingredients with antimicrobial effect from medicinal plants is a suitable approach to the current antibacterial resistance problem, the aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activity of yerba mate ethanolic extracts against carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria (reference strains and clinical isolates). Extracts showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC® BAA-2342™ (KPC producing), Providencia rettgeri (NDM producing), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MBL producing) and P. aeruginosa (VIM producing) at the concentrations tested. The Minimal-Inhibitory-Concentration and Minimal-Bactericidal-Concentration values ranged between 1 and 32 mg.ml-1 for the reference strains, and between 0.125 and 1 mg.ml-1 for the clinical isolates. The MBC/MIC index characterized the extracts as bactericidal. The combinations of commercial antibiotics and extracts showed a synergistic action on the reference strains studied. The lethal concentration 50 obtained using the Artemia salina toxicity assay were higher than 1 mg.ml-1 for all the extracts, indicating a low toxicity. The in vitro activity and low toxicity suggest that ethanolic I. paraguariensis leaf extracts constitute an outstanding source for new antibacterial compounds, and further studies should be carried out to understand their mechanism of action.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420221129

10.

Degradation of Biofilm Formed by Opportunistic Pathogens using Amylase Extracted from Bacillus tequilensis
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Wakui, Kenta

; Rosyidah, A’liyatur

; Maensiri, Duangkamol

; Taweeyanyongkul, Kamolnan

; Nantapong, Nawarat

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volumen 67 elocation e24220200

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Biofilm degradation with amylase is one of the effective ways for controlling bacterial biofilm. Although amylase can be obtained from several sources, microbial amylase is preferred. Information of the new source of amylase and its activity is therefore fundamental for new applications and enzyme technology advancement. In this study, amylase was extracted from bacteria isolated from soil in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Two different soil isolates AMPB10 and AMPB31 were selected for the purification of amylase; they were identified as Bacillus tequilensis and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The efficiencies of purified amylase in degradation of biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus TISTR 1466, Staphylococcus epidermidis TISTR 518, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTRA 781 biofilms were measured. The amylase from AMPB10 and AMPB31 degraded 70.9% and 66.1% of S. aureus biofilm, 59.6% and 64.1% of S. epidermidis biofilm, and 57.8% and 60.1% of P. aeruginosa biofilm, respectively. Amylase produced from AMPB10 had greater biofilm degrading activity on S. aureus than AMPB31, while amylase from AMPB31 was more effective against P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis at high concentration. However, AMPB10 amylase showed stronger degrading activity on P. aeruginosa at intermediate concentration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating a successful use of B. tequilensis amylase to degrade the bacterial biofilm.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024220200

11.

Inhibitory Effect of Five Naturally Occurring Compounds on the Expression of Genes Associated with the QS System and some Virulence Factors in P. aeruginosa
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Velasco, Wendy Johana

; Pabón, Ludy Cristina

; Gómez, Vanessa

; Hernández-Rodríguez, Patricia

; Patiño-Ladino, Oscar Javier

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2024, Volumen 67 elocation e24230553

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen with a pathogenicity that is an important factor in public health and is the result of the functioning of the Quorum Sensing (QS) system. Currently, compounds of natural origin have shown promising biological effects on certain pathogens in recent years. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible inhibitory effect of five naturally occurring molecules on some genes associated with two pathways of the QS system, as well as on elastase protease and pyocyanin production in two resistant strains of P. aeruginosa. For this purpose, RT-qPCR assays were performed to know the expression of some QS-associated genes (lasR, rhlR, lasI, aprA and lasB) and spectrophotometric assays to evaluate the production of elastase, protease and pyocyanin in the presence or absence of the molecules. It was found that sesamin and ferulic acid were the molecules with the highest inhibitory effect, higher than 40 %, on most of the genes evaluated (lasR, rhlR, aprA and lasB) in the two P. aeruginosa strains BAA-47 and 27853. Likewise, ferulic acid was the most active compound on two of the three virulence factors evaluated even though in general the effect of the molecules was not greater than 50 %. Therefore, these compounds are considered to have a possible multitarget effect by inhibiting the expression of genes associated with the two main systems of P. aeruginosa.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024230553

12.

Dairy wastewater treatment employing microencapsulated Pseudomonas aeruginosa on low acyl gellan gum
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Cuello, Rafael Emilio González

; Alcázar, Lena Beatriz Morón

; Castellanos, Heliana Milena

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2024, Volumen 19 elocation e2974

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a capacidade da Pseudomonas aeruginosa, microencapsulada em goma de gelana, para descontaminar águas residuais de laticínios e explorar o potencial reuso das microcápsulas. A P. aeruginosa foi microencapsulada usando a técnica interna de gelificação iônica, empregando goma de gelana de baixo acil como material de parede. As formas livres e microencapsuladas de P. aeruginosa foram inoculadas em 150 mL de água residual estéril e incubadas em um frasco agitado (150 rpm) a 30°C. Posteriormente, o modelo de Baranyi foi utilizado para calcular os parâmetros de crescimento da P. aeruginosa. Ao mesmo tempo, foram determinadas a Demanda Bioquímica de Oxigênio (DBO) e a Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o processo de microencapsulação reduziu a taxa de crescimento do microorganismo encapsulado. No entanto, as bactérias microencapsuladas alcançaram porcentagens de redução de DQO e DBO de 61,54% e 64,05%, respectivamente. Da mesma forma, ao reutilizar as microcápsulas, foram alcançadas porcentagens de remoção superiores a 57,00%. Essas descobertas podem ter implicações significativas para a indústria em termos de redução da contaminação do efluente causada por quantidades substanciais de poluentes.

Abstract This study assessed the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, microencapsulated in gellan gum, to decontaminate dairy wastewater and explored the potential reuse of microcapsules. P. aeruginosa was microencapsulated using the internal ionic gelation technique, employing low-acyl gellan gum as the wall material. The free and microencapsulated P. aeruginosa were inoculated into 150 mL of sterile wastewater and incubated in a shaking flask (150 rpm) at 30°C. Subsequently, the Baranyi Model was employed to calculate the growth parameters of P. aeruginosa. Concurrently, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were determined. The obtained results indicated that the microencapsulation process reduced the growth rate of the encapsulated microorganism. However, the microencapsulated bacteria achieved COD and BOD reduction percentages of 61.54% and 64.05%, respectively. Similarly, when reusing the microcapsules, removal percentages exceeding 57.00% were achieved. These findings could have significant implications for the industry in terms of reducing effluent contamination caused by substantial amounts of pollutants.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2974

13.

Comparative in vitro activity of Delafloxacin and other antimicrobials against isolates from patients with acute bacterial skin, skin-structure infection and osteomyelitis
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Ribeiro, Ághata Cardoso da Silva

; Santos, Fernanda Fernandes

; Valiatti, Tiago Barcelos

; Lenzi, Michael Henrique

; Santos, Ingrid Nayara Marcelino Neves, Raíssa Fidelis Baêta Moses, Ikechukwu Benjamin Meneses, Jaqueline Pilon de Sessa, Renata Gebara de Grande Di Salles, Mauro José Gales, Ana Cristina

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2024, Volumen 28 Nº 6 elocation 103867

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro activity of delafloxacin with other fluoro-quinolones against bacterial pathogens recovered from inpatients with osteomyelitis, Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin-Structure Infections (ABSSSI). In total, 100 bacterial isolates (58 % Gram-negative and 42 % Gram-positive) recovered from inpatients between January and April 2021, were reidentified at species level by MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the broth microdilution method and the detection of bio-film formation was assessed through the microtiter plate assay. The screening for mecA was carried out by PCR, while mutations in the Quinolone Resistance Determining Regions (QRDR), specifically gyrA and parC, were analyzed using PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Results showed that delafloxacin exhibited greater in vitro potency (at least 64-times) than the other tested fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin) when evaluating Staphylococcus aureus (MIC50 ≤0.008 mg/L) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MIC50 0.06 mg/L). Furthermore, delafloxacin (MIC50 0.25 mg/L) was at least 4 times more potent than other tested fluoroquinolones (MIC50 1 mg/L) against P. aeruginosa. No difference in delafloxacin activity (MIC50 0.03 mg/L) was observed against Enterobacter cloacae when compared with ciprofloxacin (MIC50 0.03 mg/L). Despite presenting low activity against K. pneumoniae isolates (22.2 %), delafloxacin exhibited twice the activity compared to both levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Delafloxacin also exhibited a strong activity (71.4 %–85.7 %.) against biofilm producing bacterial pathogens tested in this study. Interestingly, 82.14 % of the staphylococci tested in this study harbored mecA gene. In addition, the gyrA and parC genes in fluoroquinolone-resistant Gram-negative isolates displayed different mutations (substitutions and deletions). Herein, we showed that delafloxacin was the most active fluoroquinolone against staphylococci (including MRSA) and P. aeruginosa when compared to other fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2024.103867

14.

Identification and molecular characterization of potential probiotic subspecies of Bacillus tequilensis isolated from the gut of Masheer fish, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing
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Bibi, A.

; Ali, F.

; Ghanzanfar, S.

; Almajwal, A.

; Razak, S.

; Afsar, T.

; Ahmed, S.

; Shakeela, Q.

; Ahmad, S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2024, Volumen 84 elocation e281903

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, tem havido um interesse crescente no uso de probióticos como uma alternativa aos antibióticos. Pesquisadores conduziram estudos para investigar cepas bacterianas quanto ao seu potencial probiótico. Como outros animais, os peixes também têm várias cepas bacterianas em seus intestinos que possuem propriedades probióticas, embora isso seja limitado a espécies de Bacillus. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e caracterizar espécies probióticas de Bacillus do intestino de peixe Masheer (Tor Puititora). Quatro isolados bacterianos puros foram selecionados como potenciais cepas probióticas com base em critérios de seleção, incluindo taxa de sobrevivência em ácido e sal biliar. Os isolados exibiram atividade antimicrobiana significativa contra bactérias patogênicas, incluindo Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC9027) e Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538). MF2 e MF3 demonstraram zonas claras, incluindo atividade antimicrobiana contra todos os três patógenos indicadores. MF1 e MF4 exibiram atividade antimicrobiana contra E. coli (ATCC8739) e P. aeruginosa (ATCC9027). Além disso, as sequências do gene 16S rRNA de todos os isolados exibiram uma associação próxima com Bacillus tequilensis (KCTC13622), com similaridade de nucleotídeos de 98,63%, 98,25%, 98,80% e 98,35%, respectivamente. Nossos resultados demonstram que esses isolados bacterianos mostram-se promissores como uma alternativa aos antibióticos no sistema alimentar da pesca. Neste estudo, todos os isolados identificados no intestino dos peixes eram subespécies de B. tequilensis.

Abstract Over the past few decades, there has been increasing interest in using probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics. Researchers have conducted studies to investigate bacterial strains for their probiotic potential. Like other animals, fish also have several bacterial strains in their gut that possess probiotic properties, although this is limited to Bacillus species. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterize probiotic Bacillus species from the gut of Masheer fish (Tor Puititora). Four pure bacterial isolates were selected as potential probiotic strains based on selection criteria, including survival rate in acid and bile salt. The isolates exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC9027), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538). MF2 and MF3 demonstrated clear zones, including antimicrobial activity against all three indicator pathogens. MF1 and MF4 exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli (ATCC8739) and P. aeruginosa (ATCC9027). Furthermore, the 16S rRNA gene sequences of all isolates exhibited a close association with Bacillus tequilensis (KCTC13622), with nucleotide similarity of 98.63%, 98.25%, 98.80%, and 98.35%, respectively. Our results demonstrate that these bacterial isolates show promise as an alternative to antibiotics in the fisheries food system. In this study, all isolates identified in the fish gut were subspecies of B. tequilensis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.281903

15.

Development of nano-antimicrobial material based on bacterial cellulose, silver nanoparticles, and ClavaninA
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Oliveira, Glícia Maria

; Silva-Junior, Alberto Galdino

; Franco, Octávio Luiz

; Aguiar, José Lamartine de Andrade

; Pinto, Flávia Cristina Morone

; Lima-Neto, Reginaldo Gonçalves de

; Oliveira, Maria Danielly Lima de

; Andrade, César Augusto Souza de

Polímeros

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2024, Volumen 34 Nº 3 elocation e20240030

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study presents a novel approach to obtaining nano-antimicrobial hybrid material by integrating electrospun nanofibers based on cellulosic biopolymer (BP) associated with antimicrobial agents, specifically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Clavanin A (ClavA), an antimicrobial peptide obtained from the marine tunicate Styela clava. The electrospinning technique produced the blended polyvinyl alcohol:BP nanofibers. Chemical crosslinking was performed to ensure the stability of the nanofibers. The nanofibers had an average diameter of 568 nm for PVA nanofibers and 648 nm for PVA nanofibers functionalized with silver nanoparticles. The nanohybrid material demonstrates significant inhibition zones against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria. P. aeruginosa exhibits a substantial inhibition zone of 15 mm. Thus, the nanohybrid material was effective against this challenging pathogen. Combining electrospun nanofibers, bacterial cellulose hydrogel, and antimicrobial agents establishes a solution that could combat microbial threats in wound care.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.20240029

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