ABSTRACT To correct errors in previous catalogs and update the Brazilian fauna, thirty-five species of Darwin wasps erroneously reported for Brazil are removed from the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna, belonging to the following subfamilies: Anomaloninae (2 species), Banchinae (1), Campopleginae (8), Cremastinae (2), Cryptinae (8), Phygadeuontinae (3), Pimplinae (8), Tersilochinae (2), and Tryphoninae (1). Most species were incorrectly cataloged due to an incorrect interpretation of the species list created by Costa Lima in 1962, which mentions species occurring in neighboring countries but does not confirm their presence in Brazil. Thus, the Brazilian fauna of Ichneumonidae currently corresponds to 234 genera and 1,038 species. thirtyfive thirty five Fauna subfamilies 2 ( species, , species) 1, 1 (1) 8, 8 (8) 2, (2) 3, 3 (3) 1. . 1962 Thus 23 1038 038 1,03 (1 (8 (3 196 103 03 1,0 19 10 0

Abstract Leurus Townes, 1946 is a small genus of Metopiinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), consisting of 13 described species distributed in the Neotropics and the Nearctic region. The present work aims to contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of Leurus in Brazil. A total of 109 specimens were identified and 15 literature records were analyzed. The genus geographical occurrence was evaluated according to data obtained from the literature and labels of analyzed specimens. Five species of Leurus were identified for the Brazilian fauna: L. angustignathus, L. caeruliventris, L. discus, L. gracius and L. nostrus. New municipality records of occurrence were made for L. angustignathus in the state of São Paulo, L. caeruliventris in the states of Bahia, Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Piauí and Rondônia; for, L. discus in the state of Alagoas and São Paulo, and L. gracius in the state of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. Females of L. angustignathus and L. gracius were described for the first time in the present study. The genitalia of males of L. caeruliventris, L. discus and L. gracius were described and illustrated for the first time. Townes 194 Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae, Ichneumonidae , Ichneumonidae) 1 region Brazil 10 fauna L nostrus Paulo Bahia Federal Sul Gerais Paraná Rondônia Janeiro study 19

Abstract During an inventory of Ichneumonidae wasps in the urban area of São Carlos, São Paulo, using Malaise traps, was found the first records in Brazil for Lissonota pseudeleboea Ugalde and Gauld, 2002 and Syzeuctus vedoris Ugalde and Gauld, 2002 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) and was described and illustrated a new species of Zonopimpla Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Carlos Paulo traps Gauld 200 Hymenoptera, Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera Banchinae Pimplinae. Pimplinae . Pimplinae) 20 2

Resumo Durante um inventário de vespas Ichneumonidae na área urbana de São Carlos, São Paulo, usando armadilhas Malaise, foram encontrados os primeiros registros no Brasil para Lissonota pseudeleboea Ugalde e Gauld, 2002 e Syzeuctus vedoris Ugalde e Gauld, 2002 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) e foi descrita e ilustrada uma nova espécie de Zonopimpla Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae). Carlos Paulo Malaise Gauld 200 Hymenoptera, Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera Banchinae Pimplinae. Pimplinae . Pimplinae) 20 2

Abstract Creagrura nigripes Townes, 1971 is recorded for the first time for the Brazilian Amazon, in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará and Roraima. Ptilobaptus cinctus Townes, 1971 is registered for the first time in Brazil. Additionally, diagnosis, digital images, distribution maps, as well as comments on intraspecific morphological variations in the species are provided. Townes 197 Amazon Acre Amapá Amazonas Roraima Brazil Additionally diagnosis images maps provided 19 1

Abstract The corn cropping system can influence the natural enemy identity and the number of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, 1797 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) individuals infesting the cartridge, ear and stem of this plant. The objectives were to identify the S. frugiperda natural enemies and differences in the number of individuals infesting the cartridge, ear and stem of corn plants under conventional and organic cropping systems, in Brazil after an initial collection of adult males through semiochemical traps. We also evaluated key morphometrical parameters of the larva and factors contributing with the viability of S. frugiperda. A total of 16 and 136 adult males was trapped, and 1,124 and 1,112 larvae was recovered from conventional and organic systems with 4.7 and 6.7% of them parasitized by dipteran and hymenopteran, respectively. Most of the parasitoids recovered had occurrence in both cropping systems, except Cremastinae and Ophion flavidus Brullé, 1846 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which were recorded only in organic and Campoletis sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) only in conventional corns. The number of parasitoids recovered was similar in corn plant samples between both cropping systems. A total of 152 and 31 larvae was recovered from corn ears under conventional and organic systems, respectively. Doru luteipes (Scudder, 1876) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) was recovered from all samples under conventional system. The larva length was overall similar between cropping systems. Parasitism by dipteran and hymenopteran, infection by microorganisms, larva mortality by undetermined causes, and differences in viability of S. frugiperda stages were factors contributing with the supression of this pest. The new associations and parasitoids reported represent possibilities of expanding the biological control strategies to manage S. frugiperda in corn crops. JE J E J.E Smith 179 Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Noctuidae cartridge S traps 1 13 trapped 1124 124 1,12 1112 112 1,11 47 4 7 4. 67 6 6.7 hymenopteran respectively Brullé 184 Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae, Ichneumonidae , sp corns 15 3 Scudder, Scudder (Scudder 1876 Dermaptera (Dermaptera Forficulidae microorganisms causes pest crops 17 12 1,1 111 11 6. 18 187 1,

ABSTRACT The Cerrado biome occupies 22% of Brazil's land area and has one of the highest levels of endemism of flora and fauna species of any biome. As components of the fauna, the arthropods stand out as they perform several functions within ecosystems and serve as bioindicators of environmental quality. This work aimed to evaluate the association of the arthropod fauna with tree canopies in an area surrounding a fragment of a legal reserve adjacent to a coffee plantation. The study was conducted at the Juliana farm (18°43'29"S; 47°29'55"W), located in the municipality of Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The canopy net methodology was used, in which a net bag was wrapped around the branches and shaken five times, covering the four cardinal directions in the crowns of 20 trees. The contents of the net were placed in plastic bags, sealed, identified, and taken to the laboratory. Twelve monthly collections were performed between August 2018 and July 2019, for a total of 240 samples. The collected specimens were identified in taxonomic groups using a taxonomic key. During the sampling period, 804 individuals were collected, belonging to 56 taxa of the classes Arachnida and Insecta. Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae) was the most representative tree species, with 50% of the sampled taxa found in its branches. The order Araneae and the families Asilidae and Tephritidae (Diptera) and Formicidae (Hymenoptera) were the predominant taxa in the faunistic analysis. As potential predators, Araneae and Formicidae were the most important groups and were found in all tree species sampled. The families Braconidae and Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) were the most common among the parasitoids. We conclude that the legal reserve and permanent preservation areas maintain populations of tree species that can generate a survival site for natural enemies and other canopy arthropods.

RESUMEN El Cerrado ocupa el 22% de la superficie terrestre de Brasil y tiene uno de los niveles más altos de endemismo de fauna y flora en comparación con otros biomas. Como componentes de la fauna se destacan los artrópodos, los cuales realizan varias funciones dentro de los ecosistemas y pueden servir como indicadores ambientales. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la asociación de la fauna de artrópodos con las copas de los árboles en un área de borde de un fragmento de bosque perteneciente a una reserva natural adyacente a una plantación de café. El estudio se realizó en la finca Juliana (18°43'29 "S; 47°29'55" O), ubicada en el municipio de Monte Carmelo, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Se adaptó la metodología de red de dosel para realizar la colecta de especímenes. Se envolvió una bolsa de red alrededor de las ramas de copas de 20 árboles y se agitó cinco veces, cubriendo los cuatro puntos cardinales. El contenido de la red se colocó en bolsas plásticas que luego de selladas e identificadas fueron llevadas al laboratorio. Se realizaron doce colectas mensuales entre agosto de 2018 y julio de 2019, totalizando 240 muestras. Los grupos taxonómicos a los que pertenecían los especímenes colectados fueron identificados utilizando una clave taxonómica. Se colectaron 804 individuos pertenecientes a 56 taxones de las clases Arachnida e Insecta. Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae) fue la especie arbórea más representativa, conteniendo en sus ramas el 50% de los taxones colectados. El orden Araneae y las familias Asilidae y Tephritidae (Diptera) y Formicidae (Hymenoptera) fueron los taxones predominantes en el análisis faunístico. Los depredadores potenciales Araneae y Formicidae fueron los grupos más conspicuos, encontrándose en todas las especies de árboles analizadas. Las familias Braconidae e Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) fueron las más comunes entre los parasitoides. Concluimos que la reserva natural y las áreas de preservación permanente mantienen poblaciones de especies arbóreas que pueden generar espacios de supervivencia para enemigos naturales y otros artrópodos del dosel.

ABSTRACT The rose tortrix moth, Archips rosana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a pest that causes serious crop losses in apple orchards throughout the world. In this study, the population dynamics of A. rosana and its associated parasitoids were investigated in two provinces of Western Turkey (Denizli and Usak) in 2018 and 2019. A total of 318 egg masses, 300 larvae, and 129 pupae were collected from the survey areas. Although no parasitoids were detected in egg masses, ten parasitoid species belonging to Braconidae, Chalcididae, and Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera), and Tachinidae (Diptera), were reared from the samples of larvae and pupae. Phytodietus astutus (Gravenhorst) (Ichneumonidae) was the most abundant parasitoid species, with a relative abundance of 35.1%, followed by Itoplectus maculator (Fabricius) (Ichneumonidae) represented by 27% of the recovered parasitoids. Moreover, P. astutus and Scambus inanis (Schrank) (Ichneumonidae) reared from the samples are the first records from Turkey, while Cotesia glomerata (L.) (Braconidae), Exochus sp.(Ichneumonidae), and Nemorilla maculosa (Meigen) (Tachinidae) are the first records from A. rosana. Using pheromone traps in the apple orchards, the first adult of A. rosana was caught on May 24 in Civril (Denizli) and on May 30 in Sivasli (Usak) in 2019.

RESUMEN El arrollador de frutales, Archips rosana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), es una plaga que causa graves pérdidas de cultivos en los manzanos de todo el mundo. En este estudio se investigó la dinámica poblacional de A. rosana y sus parasitoides asociados en dos provincias del oeste de Turquía (Denizli y Usak) en 2018 y 2019. Se recolectaron un total de 318 masas de huevos, 300 larvas y 129 pupas de las áreas de estudio. Aunque no se detectaron parasitoides en masas de huevos, diez especies de parasitoides pertenecientes a Braconidae, Chalcididae e Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) y Tachinidae (Diptera), se criaron a partir de las muestras de larvas y pupas. Phytodietus astutus (Gravenhorst) (Ichneumonidae) fue la especie parasitoide más abundante, con una abundancia relativa del 35,1%, seguida de Itoplectus maculator (Fabricius) (Ichneumonidae) representada por el 27% de los parasitoides recuperados. Además, P. astutus y Scambus inanis (Schrank) (Ichneumonidae) criados a partir de las muestras son los primeros registros de Turquía, mientras que Cotesia glomerata (L.) (Braconidae), Exochus sp. (Ichneumonidae) y Nemorilla maculosa (Meigen) (Tachinidae) son los primeros registros de A. rosana. Utilizando trampas de feromonas en los manzanos, el primer adulto de A. rosana fue capturado el 24 de mayo en Civril (Denizli) y el 30 de mayo en Sivasli (Usak) en 2019.

Abstract: Urban trees are a source of food resources, habitat and refuge for the biodiversity that occurs in cities. However, the taxonomic identity and status of each plant species as native and / or exotic of in an ecosystem influences its interactions with biodiversity. Wasps are one of the main insects present in terrestrial ecosystems, including urban ecosystems, as components of their biodiversity, playing an important role as biocontrol agents (predators and parasitoids) of populations of other insects associated with urban flora or as phytophagous. Seeking to deepen into the knowledge of the diversity of wasps in the city of Bogotá and their ecological interactions, in this study the diversity of wasps associated with three native and three exotic species frequently in urban parks of the city was evaluated. In total, 22 wasp families and 227 morphospecies were identified. The families Bethylidae, Chalcididae and Crabronidae are recorded for the first time in Bogotá. On the other part, the families Eulophidae, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae were the ones that contributed with the most richness and abundance in this study. Regarding their association with the evaluated plant species, a greater diversity of morphospecies associated with native tree species was found, however, there is an effect of the taxonomic identity and the factor park on the results that are discussed. It highlighting the importance of conserving the native urban flora in green spaces of Bogota’s city, in order to maintain and preserve the diversity of wasps principally with parasitoid and predator habits and thus enhance their role as natural biocontrol agents of insects that affect the health of urban trees, at the same time that ecological processes and functionality of this urban ecosystem would be stimulated.

Resumen: El arbolado urbano es fuente de recursos alimenticios, hábitat y refugio para la biodiversidad que ocurre en las ciudades. No obstante, la identidad taxonómica y el estatus de cada especie de planta como nativa y/o exótica de un ecosistema influencia sus interacciones con la biodiversidad. Las avispas son uno de los principales insectos presentes en los ecosistemas terrestres, incluyendo el urbano, como componentes de su biodiversidad, ejerciendo un rol importante como controladores biológicos (parasitoides y depredadores) de las poblaciones de otros insectos asociados a la flora urbana o como fitófagos. Buscando profundizar en el conocimiento de la diversidad de avispas en la ciudad de Bogotá y sus interacciones ecológicas, en este estudio se evaluó la diversidad de avispas asociadas a tres especies arbóreas nativas y tres exóticas frecuentes en los parques urbanos de la ciudad. En total se identificaron 22 familias de avispas y 227 morfoespecies. Las familias Bethylidae, Chalcididae y Crabronidae se registran por primera vez en Bogotá. Por su parte, las familias Eulophidae, Ichneumonidae y Braconidae fueron las que aportaron la mayor riqueza y abundancia en este estudio. Con respecto a su asociación con las especies vegetales evaluadas, se encontró una mayor diversidad de morfoespecies asociadas a las especies arbóreas nativas, sin embargo, hay un efecto de la identidad taxonómica de la especie y la variable parque sobre los resultados encontrados que se discuten. Se resalta la importancia de conservar la flora nativa en los espacios verdes de la ciudad de Bogotá, con el fin de mantener y conservar la diversidad de avispas principalmente de hábitos parasitoides y depredadores y así potencializar su rol como biocontroladores naturales de los insectos que afectan la salud del arbolado urbano, al mismo tiempo que se dinamizarían los procesos ecológicos y funcionalidad de este ecosistema urbano.

Resumen La achira o sagú (Canna indica) es una planta originaria de la cordillera de los Andes y cultivada en Colombia para la obtención de almidón a partir de sus rizomas. El almidón es utilizado en su mayoría como materia prima en la fabricación de bizcochos y otros productos autóctonos de consumo local y regional. Sin embargo, los productores de achira han mostrado reciente preocupación por la aparición de plagas que pueden ser limitantes en la productividad. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en reconocer los principales insectos asociados al cultivo. Se visitaron zonas productoras en los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Huila y Nariño. Se identificaron varios insectos nocivos del orden Lepidoptera en su estado larval, como Glyphipterix sp. (Glyphipterigidae), Spodoptera sp. (Noctuidae), Calpodes ethlius y Cobalus cannae (Hesperiidae), y el chinche Ischnodemus sp. (Hemiptera: Blissidae). También, entre otros insectos benéficos, se observó la emergencia de adultos de una avispa parasitoide de la familia Ichneumonidae a partir de larvas del microlepidóptero Glyphipterix sp., y se identificaron dos enemigos naturales de la chinche Ischnodemus sp., una avispa parasitoide de huevos (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) y el hongo entomopatógeno Beauveria bassiana. Esta información puede servir como base de próximos estudios sobre aspectos de la biología y hábitos de los principales insectos nocivos de edible canna (Canna indica), así como de potenciales agentes de control biológico con el fin de generar recomendaciones de manejo en el cultivo de la achira.

Abstract Edible canna (Canna indica) is a native crop from the Andes Cordillera and cultivated in Colombia to obtain starch from its rhizomes. Starch is used mostly as a raw material in biscuits and other local products for local and regional consumption manufacture. However, edible canna producers have shown recent concern about new pest effects that may be limiting crop productivity. This study aimed to identify the main insects associated with edible canna plants. Visits were made to production areas in departments of Cundinamarca, Huila, and Nariño. Several harmful Lepidoptera in their larval stage were identified, such asGlyphipterixsp. (Glyphipterigidae),Spodopterasp. (Noctuidae),Calpodes ethliusandCobalus cannae(Hesperiidae), andIschnodemussp. (Hemiptera: Blissidae). The emergence of adults of a parasitoid wasp of the family Ichneumonidae was observed from larvae of the microlepidopteranGlyphipterixsp. Two natural enemies ofIschnodemussp., an egg-parasitoid wasp (Chalcidoidea), and the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassianawere collected. Besides, other beneficial insects were collected. This information can serve as a basis for upcoming studies on the biology, and habits of the main insect pests of edible canna (Canna indica), as well as potential biological control agents to generate recommendations for control and management in edible canna crops.

RESUMO: Ichneumonidae são parasitoides solitários e atacam principalmente larvas e pupas de Lepidoptera, Coleoptera e Hymenoptera, que constituem importantes pragas agrícolas. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a assembleia de Ichneumonidae associada ao cultivo de guaraná (Paullinia cupana) de manejo convencional e orgânico, em Manaus (Amazonas, Brasil) por meio de análise faunística. As coletas foram realizadas na EMBRAPA, com o uso de armadilhas Malaise e Moericke, entre setembro de 2012 e fevereiro de 2013. Foram coletados 296 exemplares de Ichneumonidae, em 14 subfamílias, 41 gêneros e 63 morfoespécies. A análise faunística revelou predominância de gêneros raros e pouco frequentes (54,2% no manejo convencional e 47,1% no orgânico). Venturia Schrottky destacou-se no manejo convencional como superabundante, superfrequente e constante (46,4% dos exemplares). No manejo orgânico, Eiphosoma Cresson (15,6% dos exemplares), Venturia (15,1%), Polycyrtidea Viereck (7%), Stethantyx Townes (6%), Enicospilus Stephens e Diapetimorpha Viereck (ambos 5,5%), Polycyrtus Spinola e Podogaster Brullé (ambos 5%) foram muito abundantes, muito frequentes e constantes. As diferenças observadas refletem o tipo de manejo da cultura. No manejo orgânico, por não utilizar agroquímicos, há uma maior diversificação da paisagem. Já no manejo convencional há uma redução da riqueza e abundância, por possuir maior perturbação e uniformidade da paisagem. Este estudo evidenciou o elevado número de gêneros raros, pouco frequentes e acidentais e expôs os grupos predominantes em cada sistema de manejo.

ABSTRACT: Ichneumonidae are solitary parasitoids that mainly attack larvae and pupae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, which constitute important agricultural pests. The objective of the present paper was to characterize the assemblage of Ichneumonidae associated to the conventional and organic cultivation of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) crop in Manaus City (Amazonas State, Brazil) with faunistic analysis. The samples were collected at Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), using Malaise and Moericke traps, between September 2012 and February 2013. We collected 296 specimens of Ichneumonidae, represented by 14 subfamilies, 41 genera and 63 morphospecies. The faunistic analysis revealed the predominance of rare and less frequent genera (54.2% in conventional and 47.1% in organic crop management). Venturia Schrottky was highlighted as superabundant, super frequent and constant (46.4% of the specimens) in conventional cultivation. In organic cultivation, Eiphosoma Cresson (15.6% of the specimens), Venturia (15.1%), Polycyrtidea Viereck (7%), Stethantyx Townes (6%), Enicospilus Stephens and Diapetimorpha Viereck (both 5.5%), Polycyrtus Spinola and Podogaster Brullé (both 5%) were more abundant, more frequent and constant. The observed differences reflect the type of crop management. Considering that organic crop management do not use agrochemicals, there is a greater diversification of the landscape. On the other hand, a reduction in richness and abundance has been observed in conventional crop management, due to its greater alteration and uniformity of the landscape. This study evidences a high number of rare, less frequent and accidental genera, and reveals the predominant groups in each crop cultivation system.

Abstract The presence of natural enemies can be influenced by many factors like the type of land use. These organisms are considered of great importance due to the pest control they perform without causing disturbance to the environment. In this study, the structure of the community of the Ichneumonoidea superfamily was analyzed, in three sites of an agroecosystem with different types of land use. Sampling was carried out in the period of July 2004 to June 2005. Twenty-four yellow traps and one Malaise trap were placed per site, in three fixed transects of 35 m in length. Traps remained open for two days per month. A total of 1052 individuals, 37 subfamilies, 107 genera and 306 morphospecies were recorded. For the Braconidae family, 553 individuals belonging to 21 subfamilies, 57 genera and 172 morphospecies were collected. For the Ichneumonidae family, 499 individuals belonging to 16 subfamilies, 50 genera and 134 morphospecies were collected. The family garden site presented a higher diversity for both families. Richness estimators point out that family garden and secondary vegetation presented a higher richness, abundance and diversity of parasitoid species; where the koinobiont habits are frequently present. According to these results, it can be hypothesized that a high diversity of plant species favors beneficial factors for parasitoid survival.

Resumen La presencia de enemigos naturales puede estar influenciada por muchos factores como el tipo de uso de suelo. Estos organismos son considerados de gran importancia debido al control de plagas que realizan sin causar trastorno al ambiente. En este estudio se analiza la estructura de la comunidad de la superfamilia Ichneumonoidea, en tres sitios de un agroecosistema con diferentes usos de suelo. El muestreo se realizó en el período julio 2004-junio 2005. Se colocaron 24 trampas amarillas y una trampa Malaise por sitio, en tres transectos fijos de 35 m de longitud. Las trampas permanecieron durante dos días por mes. Se registró un total de 1052 individuos, 37 subfamilias, 107 géneros y 306 morfoespecies. Para la familia Braconidae se colectaron 553 individuos pertenecientes a 21 subfamilias, 57 géneros y 172 morfoespecies. Para la familia Ichneumonidae se colectaron 499 individuos pertenecientes a 16 subfamilias, 50 géneros y 134 morfoespecies. El sitio de huerto familiar presentó mayor diversidad para ambas familias. Los estimadores de riqueza indican que el huerto familiar y la vegetación secundaria presentaron mayor riqueza, abundancia y diversidad de especies de parasitoides, donde frecuentemente presenta el modo de vida koinobionte. De acuerdo con estos resultados, se puede sugerir que una alta diversidad de especies vegetales propicia factores benéficos para la supervivencia de los parasitoides.

Abstract: The structure of Ichneumonidae communities in a mangrove area and 2 nearby locations with different vegetation types are described. The study area is located within the limits of the Nearctic and Neotropical regions in the southern part of the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Samples were collected with a Malaise trap at each site over a one-year period. We estimated the potential species richness with the Clench model, the Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes and the possible differences among communities at different sites using Permanova multivariate analysis. The relative degrees of influence of space, time, and biogeographical distribution on the community structures of ichneumonid wasps were determined using multiple correspondence analyses. Our results showed that the mangrove area had the highest potential species richness, and that there were significant differences among the 3 ichneumonid communities. The community structures depend primarily on the biogeographical distribution of species and secondarily on the month of collection, whereas the type of vegetation contributed with lower variation. Three species obtained in this study are new records for Mexico, and 5 for Tamaulipas.

Resumen: Se describe la estructura de las comunidades de Ichneumonidae en un área de manglar y 2 localidades cercanas con diferentes tipos de vegetación. El área de estudio está ubicada en los límites de las regiones Neártica y Neotropical en sur del estado de Tamaulipas, México. Las muestras se recolectaron con una trampa Malaise en cada sitio durante 1 año. La riqueza potencial de especies se determinó con el modelo de Clench, los índices de diversidad de Simpson y Shannon-Wiener, así como las posibles diferencias entre las comunidades con el análisis multivariado de Permanova. Los grados relativos de influencia de las variables espaciales, de tiempo y de distribución biogeográfica en las estructuras comunitarias se determinaron mediante análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Los datos mostraron que el área de manglar tiene la mayor riqueza potencial de especies y que hubo diferencias significativas entre las 3 comunidades de ichneumónidos. Las estructuras comunitarias dependen de la distribución biogeográfíca de las especies y del mes de recolecta, mientras que las estructuras poco dependientes, del tipo de vegetación. Tres especies obtenidas en este estudio representan nuevos registros para México y 5 para el estado de Tamaulipas.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento de la diversidad de moscas de las frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae) y de sus enemigos naturales en el departamento de Nariño. Se colectaron 14.005 frutos correspondientes a 16 especies de plantas hospederas, pertenecientes a 10 familias botánicas (Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae, Rutaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Annonaceae, Solanaceae y Caricaceae), de las cuales todas presentaron infestación por moscas de las frutas o parasitoides, a excepción de la familia Annonaceae. Las especies de moscas de las frutas recuperadas en este estudio correspondieron a Anastrepha complejo fraterculus, Anastrepha striata, Anastrepha obliqua, Anastrepha grandis y Ceratitis capitata, especies conocidas por su polifagia y gran capacidad de adaptación. Se obtuvieron 242 individuos, pertenecientes a siete especies de parasitoides: DoryctoBracon crawfordi, DoryctoBracon zeteki, Utetes Anastrephae, Microcrasis sp., Bracon sp., Torymus sp., e Ichneumonidae sp.1. Los parasitoides se obtuvieron de nueve hospederos correspondientes a café, guayaba, níspero, hobo, feijoa, naranja, mango, durazno y guama. La mayor frecuencia de ocurrencia de parasitoides se presentó en DoryctoBracon crawfordi, con valores de 84,1, 76,7 y 40% en café, guayaba y hobo, respectivamente. Utetes Anastrephae obtuvo porcentajes de 5,7 y 60% en café y hobo. También se presentó parasitismo en moscas presentes en las familias botánicas Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae y Rutaceae.

Abstract The objective of this work was to contribute to the knowledge of the diversity of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their natural enemies in the department of Nariño. A total of 14,005 fruits from 16 host plant species were collected, belonging to ten botanical families (Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae, Rutaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Annonaceae, Solanaceae and Caricaceae), all of which showed infestation by fruit flies or parasitoids, except for the Annonaceae family.The species of fruit flies collected in this study were Anastrepha fraterculus complex, Anastrepha striata, Anastrepha obliqua, Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha grandis species known for their polyphagia and great adaptability. A total of 242 individuals belonging to seven species of parasitoids, DoryctoBracon crawfordi, DoryctoBracon zeteki, Utetes Anastrephae, Microcrasis sp., Bracon sp., Torymus sp., and Ichneumonidae sp.1 were obtained. Parasitoids were collected from nine plant hosts corresponding to coffee, guava, loquat, hobo, guava, orange, mango, peach and guama. The highest frequency of parasitoids occurrence was presented in DoryctoBracon crawfordi, with values of 84.1, 76.7 and 40% in coffee, guava and hobo respectively. Utetes Anastrephae was 5.7% in coffee and 6.0% in hobo. Parasitism was also present in Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae and Rutaceae.

Una manera de mejorar la sostenibilidad de los sistemas agrícolas es generar características similares a las de los naturales manteniendo los flujos de energía y la diversidad de hábitat, lo que garantiza la presencia de enemigos naturales y otros organismos benéficos que pueden regular las poblaciones de plagas y mantener la productividad con menores impactos ambientales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos: identificar y comparar la diversidad de las comunidades de parasitoides en arroz irrigado orgánico y en un área de reserva cercana al cultivo, comparar la eficacia de dos tipos de trampas y la variación temporal de las especies de parasitoides en los dos sitios. El estudio se llevó acabo en el Refugio de Vida Silvestre Bañado Pacheco (RVSBP) y en los campos de arroz orgánico (AO), Viamão, RS. Se realizaron colectas mensuales de mayo de 2011 a abril de 2012 con dos trampas de Malaise y cuatro Moericke. En el área RVSBP, Platygastridae, Ichneumonidae y Braconidae se presentaron con la mayor abundancia (30 %, 21 % y 11 %, respectivamente) mientras que en AO fueron Platygastridae (26 %), Braconidae (18 %) y Encyrtidae (15 %). La trampa Malaise capturó el mayor número de parasitoides (58 %). Los estimadores de riqueza Chao 1, Jack 1 y "bootstrap" apuntaron a una riqueza de 229 a 122 especies en AO y de 454 a 260 en el área RVSBP. La diversidad de parasitoides fue mayor en el RVSBP en comparación a la del AO. La abundancia de parasitoides fue mayor en los meses durante el ciclo del cultivo del arroz.

One way to improve the sustainability of agricultural systems is to generate similar characteristics to those in natural ecosystems by maintaining energy flows and habitat diversity, thereby ensuring the presence of natural enemies and other beneficial organisms that can regulate pest populations and maintain crop productivity with fewer environmental impacts. The objectives of this study were to identify and compare the diversity of parasitoid assemblages in irrigated rice crops under organic management in a nearby protected area; to compare the efficiency of two kinds of parasitoid traps; and to compare temporal variation in parasitoid species at the two sites. The study was developed in the Banhado dos Pachecos Wildlife Refuge (BPWR) and in Viamão, RS organic rice fields (OR). Specimens were collected monthly from May 2011 to April 2012. Two Malaise and four Moericke traps were used in each area. In the BPWR area, Platygastridae, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae showed the highest abundance (30 %, 21 % and 11 %, respectively), and in the OR area, the dominant taxa were Platygastridae (26 %), Braconidae (18 %) and Encyrtidae (15 %). Malaise traps captured the largest number of parasitoids (58 %). The richness estimators Chao 1, Jack 1 and Bootstrap, pointed to a richness of 229 to 122 species in the OR area and of 454 to 260 in the BPWR area. Parasitoid diversity was higher in the BPWR than in the OR. Parasitoid abundance was highest in the rice crop during months in which crops were growing at the site.

Abstract: Ichneumonids are important parasitoid wasps in the population regulation of other insects and spiders in nature. In Mexico, 1 301 species of the family Ichneumonidae have been recorded, however, in some Mexican states as Campeche, they have been under studied. The objective of this study was to establish new records of ichneumonid species captured in Escarcega, Campeche. Specimens were captured from May 6th to 20th of 2014, by using two Malaise traps, in the Wildlife Management and Conservation Unit (UMA) "Casados Ranch". The taxonomical determination took place at the Insects Museum of the Faculty of Engineering and Sciences from the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas; the identified organisms were deposited in the Insects Collection of the Autonomous University of Campeche in Escarcega. Ten subfamilies, 17 genera and 10 species were determined. Of them 7 subfamilies, 16 genera (excluding Eiphosoma) and 10 species are new records for Campeche, increasing the knowledge of the species of Ichneumonidae in that region.

Resumen: Los icneumónidos son avispas parasitoides importantes en la regulación de poblaciones de otros insectos y arañas en la naturaleza. En México se han reportado 1 301 especies de la familia Ichneumonidae, sin embargo, algunos estados del país, como Campeche, han sido poco estudiados. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer nuevos registros de especies de icneumónidos en Escárcega, Campeche. Los ejemplares fueron capturados del 6 al 20 de mayo de 2014, con dos trampas Malaise, en la Unidad de Manejo y Conservación de Vida Silvestre (UMA) "Casados Ranch". La determinación taxonómica se llevó a cabo en el Museo de Insectos de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas; los or ganismos identificados se depositaron en la Colección de Insectos de la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche en Escárcega. Se determinaron 10 subfamilias, 17 géneros y 10 especies, de los cuales 7 subfamilias, 16 géneros (excluyendo a Eiphosoma) y 10 especies son nuevos registros para Campeche, lo que acrecentó el conocimiento de las especies de Ichneumonidae en esa región.