Abstract Introduction: The mangrove is one of the most important ecosystems on the planet, due to the ecological role it plays on coastlines, it provides development, protection, and feeding areas for various species. Objective: To determine the diversity and annual fluctuation of the cerambycid community, as well as the vertical distribution of species richness associated with the edge and interior of a mangrove in Tabasco, Mexico. Methods: The sampling was carried out from August 2016 to July 2017. The capture of insects was performed with interception traps baited with ethanol 70 % at 1.5, 6, and 12 m height, on the edge and interior of the mangrove. Results: A total of 382 specimens were collected, belonging to three subfamilies, 25 genera, and 36 species; Laminae was the subfamily most diverse with 24 species, followed by Cerambycinae with 11 species. At the edge of the mangrove 31 species were captured, and 21 in the interior. The 1D index determined that the edge was 2.51 more diverse than the interior, with a similarity of 61 %, sharing 16 species. The fluctuation of the communities on the edge and interior presented remarkable differences during the sampling year. On the edge, the greatest species richness was recorded at 6 m height and in the interior at 1.5 m and 6 m. Conclusions: Studies related to the vertical distribution of this group of insects, together with the increase in collection time and using complementary techniques, could give better results to inventory a larger number of species in the ecosystems.

Resumen Introducción: El manglar es uno de los ecosistemas más importantes del planeta, debido al papel ecológico que desempeña en las costas, ya que es el hábitat, o bien el área de refugio y alimentación para diversas especies. Objetivo: Determinar la diversidad y fluctuación anual de la comunidad de cerambícidos, así como la distribución vertical de la riqueza de especies asociadas al borde e interior de un manglar en Tabasco, México. Métodos: El muestreo se realizó de agosto 2016 a julio 2017. La captura de insectos se realizó con trampas de intercepción cebadas con alcohol etílico al 70 % a 1.5, 6 y 12 m de altura, en el borde e interior del manglar. Resultados: Se recolectaron un total de 382 especímenes de tres subfamilias, pertenecientes a 36 especies de 25 géneros; Laminae fue la subfamilia más diversa con 24 especies, seguida de Cerambycinae con 11. En el borde del manglar se capturaron 31 especies y en el interior 21. El índice 1D, determinó que el borde fue 2.51 más diverso que el interior, con una similitud del 61 %, al compartir 16 especies. La fluctuación de las comunidades en el borde e interior presentó notables diferencias durante el año de muestreo. En el borde, la mayor riqueza de especie se registró a los 6 m de altura y en el interior a 1.5 m y 6 m. Conclusión: Los estudios relacionados con la distribución vertical de este grupo de insectos, aunado al incremento del tiempo de recolecta y utilizando técnicas complementarias, podrían dar mejores resultados para inventariar el mayor número de especies en los ecosistemas.

Resumen Los escarabajos de ambrosía de la subfamilia Platypodinae están asociados simbióti camente con hongos que les proporcionan alimento y benefician su establecimiento y crecimiento. En el presente trabajo, los principales géneros de interés de Platypodinae son Euplatypus, Megaplatypus y Platypus, y los simbiontes más relevantes son especies de Fusarium, Graphium y Raffaelea. El objetivo del trabajo es ofrecer una síntesis actualizada de la información sobre esas especies de interés, para la comunidad científica, las ONG e insti tuciones financiadoras. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de todos los estudios científicos desde 1900 hasta 2024 con datos sobre coocurrencia o relaciones entre los Platypodinae antes mencionados y hongos, recogiéndose los registros de especies de insectos y hongos, planta hospedante y localización geográfica. Se realizó un análisis bibliométrico para carac terizar el estado global, las tendencias generales y las áreas de investigación con mayor inci dencia sobre hongos asociados a estos escarabajos de ambrosía. El ochenta por ciento de las publicaciones recuperadas exploran la asociación de Platypus spp. con diferentes hongos. Raffaelea fue el género fúngico con mayor número de registros, con distribución mundial. Cinco países, de cuatro continentes, lideran actualmente la investigación de estas asocia ciones. Sin embargo, un mayor conocimiento de estas interacciones ayudaría en la toma de decisiones sobre la gestión de estas plagas.

Abstract Ambrosia beetles of the subfamily Platypodinae are symbiotically associated with fungi, which provide them with food and benefit their establishment and growth. In the present study, our interest centers on the principal genera of Platypodinae: Euplatypus, Megaplatypus and Platypus, the most relevant symbionts being species of Fusarium, Graphium and Raffaelea. The objective of this work is to update the description of fungal associations on those species of interest to the scientific community, ONGs and funding institutions. An exhaustive search was performed to cover all scientific studies from 1900 to 2024 on the co-occurrence or relationship between members of the above-mentioned Platypodinae and fungi. Records of insect and fungal species, host plants and geographic locations were collected. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to characterize the overall status, general trends and current research hotspots of fungi associated with these ambrosia beetles. Eighty percent of the publications retrieved explored the association of Platypus spp. with different fungi. Raffaelea was the fungal genus showing the highest number of records and worldwide distribution. Five countries from four continents currently lead research on these associations. However, greater insights into these interactions would improve decision-making on managing these pests.

Abstract Introduction: The use of arthropods in ecological studies in the tropical dry forest (TDF) of Colombia focused mainly on spiders, butterflies, ants, and dung beetles; therefore, it is necessary to understand the seasonal dynamics of the other groups such as Geadephaga in this ecosystem. Objective: To evaluate the spatio-temporal variations and the effect of environmental conditions on the diversity of the Geadephaga communities in two TDF fragments in the Colombian Caribbean. Methods: This study was conducted during four sampling events between February and June 2018, each lasting four days, and four nights. Four sampling stations were selected in each locality (Reserva Campesina La Montaña = RCM and Reserva La Flecha = RLF), separated 350 m one from another, with square plots of 50 × 50 m. A light trap was installed in the center of each square, while pitfall traps were installed in the four vertices, and manual capture, beating sheets and leaf litter sieve were carried out. Results: A total of 348 Carabidae and 114 of Cicindelidae were captured. In both fragments, the richness and abundance presented the lowest values in dry season, while the highest values were observed during the rainy season. Tetracha affinis (Dejean, 1825) was the most abundant species in RCM during rainy season. Conclusions: The richness variation and abundance of Geadephaga corresponds to a seasonal pattern at both locations. A high dissimilarity between the communities of Geadephaga from the two fragments was found, despite having similar environmental conditions.

Resumen Introducción: El uso de artrópodos en estudios ecológicos en el bosque seco tropical (Bs-T) de Colombia se centra mayormente en arañas, mariposas, hormigas y escarabajos coprófagos; por lo tanto, es necesario comprender como es la dinámica estacional de otros grupos como Geadephaga en este ecosistema. Objetivo: Evaluar la variación espacio-temporal y el efecto de las condiciones ambientales sobre la diversidad de las comunidades de Geadephaga en dos fragmentos de Bs-T en el Caribe colombiano. Métodos: El estudio se llevó a cabo en cuatro eventos de muestreo entre febrero y junio de 2018; cada uno con una duración de cuatro días y cuatro noches. En cada localidad (Reserva Campesina La Montaña = RCM y Reserva La Flecha = RLF), se marcaron cuatro estaciones distanciadas 350 m, con parcelas de 50×50 m. En el centro de cada parcela se instaló una trampa de luz, mientras que en los cuatro vértices se instalaron trampas de caída, y se realizó captura manual, cernido de hojarasca y perturbación de follaje. Resultados: Se capturó un total de 348 ejemplares de Carabidae y 114 de Cicindelidae. La riqueza y la abundancia presentaron los valores más bajos durante el período seco, mientras que los mayores valores se observaron durante el período de lluvias, en ambos fragmentos. Tetracha affinis (Dejean, 1825) fue la especie más abundante en la RCM durante el período lluvioso. Conclusiones: La variación de la riqueza y abundancia de Geadephaga responde a un patrón estacional en ambos fragmentos. Se encontró una amplia disimilitud entre las comunidades de Geadephaga de ambos fragmentos, pese a tener condiciones ambientales parecidas.

Abstract Introduction. The coffee plant is an item of great importance worldwide, as it has a direct impact on the economy of the countries. In Nicaragua, it represents 25 % of exports. The coffee plant production agroecosystem is made up of components that are found above and below the soil surface. Objective. To estimate the populations of soil macrofauna in productive coffee plantation agroecosystems and their relationship with soil fertility and management practices. Materials and methods. The research was carried out from May to August 2023 in fourteen coffee plantation production systems in the Tepec-Xomolth La Patasta nature reserve. Soil monoliths measuring 25 × 25 × 20 cm were extracted, and three transects were established in each system, separated by 50 m. Specimens collected were identified at the family level. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, generalized linear models, hypothesis tests, and diversity indices. Results. Significant statistical differences (p<0.5) were found for rural communities and practices. Soil fertility varied according to the altitude of the farms, with abundant macrofauna in the Nueva Esperanza community (20,672 individuals) and shade management (23,632 individuals). Fifteen orders and 38 families were identified, with the insect class and the trophic group of predators predominating. Diversity was high and stable, a result of the management practices employed by the producers. Conclusions. Taxonomic richness and abundance of macrofauna were similar in the evaluated systems, specifically in the orders Haplotaxida, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Isopoda, where detritivores, omnivores and predators stand out. The study revealed that crop management directly affects soil diversity, indicating that the soils are minimally disturbed and there is ecological balance.

Resumen Introducción. El cafeto es un rubro de gran importancia a nivel mundial, al tener un impacto directo en la economía de los países. En Nicaragua representa el 25 % de las exportaciones. El agroecosistema de producción de cafeto está conformado por componentes que se encuentran por encima y debajo de la superficie del suelo. Objetivo. Estimar las poblaciones de macrofauna edáfica en agroecosistemas productivos de cafeto y su relación con la fertilidad del suelo y las prácticas de manejo. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó de mayo a agosto de 2023, en catorce sistemas productivos de cafeto, en la reserva natural Tepec-Xomolth La Patasta. Se realizaron monolitos de 25 × 25 × 20 cm extraídos del suelo; en cada sistema se trazaron tres transectos, separados a 50 m; los especímenes colectados se identificaron hasta nivel de familia. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva, modelos lineales generalizados, pruebas de hipótesis e índices de diversidad. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas (p < 0,5) para las comunidades rurales y las prácticas de manejo. La fertilidad del suelo varió de acuerdo con la altitud de las fincas. La macrofauna fue abundante en la comunidad Nueva Esperanza (20 672 individuos) y en el manejo de sombra (23 632 individuos). Se encontraron quince órdenes y 38 familias. Predominaron la clase Insecta y el grupo trófico de depredadores. La diversidad es alta y estable, resultado del manejo que realiza el productor. Conclusiones. La riqueza taxonómica y la abundancia de la macrofauna fueron similares en los sistemas evaluados, en específico los órdenes Haplotaxida, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera e Isopoda, donde sobresalen los detritívoros, omnívoros y depredadores. Se evidenció que el manejo del cultivo tiene un efecto directo en la diversidad edáfica; esto indica que los suelos son poco perturbados y existe un equilibrio ecológico.

ABSTRACT The cowpea is a legume with a high nutritional value and represents one of the most important self-consumption items in the country. However, under storage conditions its main problem are bruchids, which decrease the nutritional value and fertility of the seeds. Bruchids spread more frequently unintentionally throughout the world, this is due their adaptability. In the first months of 2023, damage was observed to stored cowpea grains of the species Vigna unguiculata, presenting round holes, decreasing the nutritional value and fertility of the seeds. The inspection of grains recorded the presence of a beetle, which was identified as Decellebruchus atrolineatus, Family Chrysomelidae, Subfamily Bruchinae.

RESUMEN El poroto es una leguminosa comestible con un alto valor nutritivo y representa uno de los rubros de autoconsumo más importantes en el país. Sin embargo, en condiciones de almacenamiento su principal problema son los brúquinos, quienes disminuyen el valor nutricional y la fertilidad de las semillas. Por la adaptación que poseen, los brúquinos, se diseminan con mayor frecuencia de manera involuntaria. En los primeros meses del año 2023, fueron observados daños en granos almacenados de poroto de la especie Vigna unguiculata, presentando orificios redondeados. La inspección de dichos granos registró la presencia de un coleóptero, que fue identificado como Decellebruchus atrolineatus, Familia Chrysomelidae, Subfamilia Bruchinae.

Resumen Plagiotelum Solier, 1849 es un género de Carabidae conformado por dos especies conocidas, una de Tasmania (Australia) y otra que se encuentra en el sur de Argentina y Chile, ambas distribuidas en ambientes boscosos. Nuevas exploraciones y recolectas han permitido establecer que en América del Sur hay más especies presentes. Basados en caracteres de la morfología externa y forma del edeago se reconocen tres especies americanas válidas: Plagiotelum irinum (Blanchard, 1842), Plagiotelum irideum (Motschulsky, 1864) y Plagiotelum gentiliorum sp. nov. Se resuelven problemas nomenclaturales, además de proveer una redescripción del género y de las especies sudamericanas conocidas, incluyendo la descripción de un nuevo taxón; también se entrega una clave para la identificación de las especies de Plagiotelum e ilustraciones de los adultos y de algunas estructuras morfológicas diagnósticas. Se discute la posición sistemática del género Plagiotelum excluyéndolo de la tribu Ctenodactylini e incorporándolo en una nueva subtribu, Plagiotelina nov. subtribu, dentro de la tribu Lebiini.

Abstract Plagiotelum Solier, 1849 is a genus of Carabidae composed with two species, one from Tasmania (Australia) and another found in southern Argentina and Chile, both distributed in forest environments. New explorations and collections have allowed us to establish that more species are present in South America. Based on characters of the external morphology and shape of the aedeagus, three American species are recognized: Plagiotelum irinum (Blanchard, 1842), Plagiotelum irideum (Motschulsky, 1864) and Plagiotelum gentiliorum sp. nov. Nomenclatural problems are resolved, in addition to providing a redescription of the genus and the known South American species, including the description of a new taxon; a key for the identification of the species and illustrations of the adults and some diagnostic morphological structures are provided. The systematic position of the genus Plagiotelum is discussed, excluding it from the tribe Pterodactylanes and including it in a new subtribe, Plagiotelina nov. subtribe, within the Lebiini tribe.

Resumen Se evaluó el tiempo de desarrollo, tablas de vida y capacidad de consumo de Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) sobre el áfido del maíz Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), vector del virus del enanismo de la cebada (BYDV). El tiempo de vida del huevo de C. sexmaculata fue de 3,8±0,28 días, mientras que el tiempo de vida de la larva y pupa fue de 9,2±0,38 y 5,02±0,38 días respectivamente. La tasa de mortalidad específica (q ) permaneció baja en los cuatro instares larvales y pupa, pero durante el estado de huevo la q se incrementó. El instar IV (77,6±2,96 áfidos consumidos) seguido por el instar III (31,1±2,22 áfidos consumidos) ejercieron una mayor depredación. Las ninfas de R. padi son más consumidas en comparación con los adultos. Los resultados obtenidos establecen que por vez primera el tiempo de desarrollo de C. sexmaculata alimentado con R. padi fue de 18,02±0,55 días bajo condiciones controladas.

Abstract Was evaluated the development time, life tables and predation capacity of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) on the corn aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), vector of the barley dwarf virus (BYDV). The life time of C. sexmaculata egg was 3.8±0.28 days, while the larva and pupa life time were 9.2±0.38 and 5.02±0.38 days respectively. The specific mortality rate (q ) remained low in the four larval instars and pupa, but during the egg stage its q increased. The instar IV (77.6±2.96 consumed aphids) followed by the instar III (31.1±2.22 consumed aphids) are exerting greater predation. The nymphs of R. padi are the more consumed compared to the adults. The results obtained establish for the first time the development time of C. sexmaculata fed with R. padi was 18,02±0,55 days under controlled conditions.

Resumen Se describe Kawesqar gen. nov. y Kawesqar artigasi sp. nov. para la fauna de crisomélidos del extremo austral de Sudamérica. Se entregan imágenes y caracteres diagnóstico para los taxa.

Abstract Kawesqar gen. nov. and Kawesqar artigasi sp. nov. are described from southern South America. Images and diagnostic characters are provided for both taxa.

Resumen En los últimos años se ha registrado una mortandad inusual de cactus columnares de la Reserva de la Biósfera Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Puebla, México. Estas especies de cactáceas presentaron orificios a una altura intermedia. Subsecuentemente comenzaron a secarse y en casos extremos se doblaron y cayeron. Con el fin de detectar la causa del problema se realizaron recorridos en los meses de enero y febrero de 2024 y fueron encontradas larvas y adultos de picudos en poblaciones de Neobuxbaumia mezcalaensis de la reserva como primer registro. Los ejemplares hallados presentaron características generales concordantes con la especie Cactophagus (Cactophagus) spinolae. Se concluye que el picudo que ocasiona daños en poblaciones naturales de cactus es una plaga emergente que requiere atención.

Abstract In recent years, an unusual mortality of columnar cacti has been recorded in the Tehuacán- Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, Puebla, Mexico. These species of cacti had holes at an intermediate height. They subsequently began to dry out and in extreme cases folded and fell. In order to detect the cause of the problem, surveys were carried out in the months of January and February 2024 and weevil larvae and adults were found in population of Neobuxbaumia mezcalaensis in the reserve as the first record. The specimens found presented general characteristics consistent with Cactophagus (Cactophagus) spinolae. It is concluded that the weevil that cause damage to natural populations of cacti is an emerging pest that requires attention.

Resumo Os testes de toxicidade são essenciais para prevenir a poluição química do meio ambiente. Tribolium castaneum pode ser usado como modelo alternativo para triagem preliminar de toxicidade, foram avaliados oito compostos químicos com toxicidade conhecida. Por exemplo, o cloreto de mercúrio II é considerado tóxico em concentrações superiores a 0,1 mg/L na água potável, o fenol pode ser perigoso em exposições a concentrações superiores a 5 mg/L na água potável, no caso do tolueno, a exposição a concentrações superiores a 200 ppm (partes por milhão) no ar pode ser prejudicial para a saúde, a hidrazina pode ser perigosa em concentrações superiores a 1 mg/L na água potável e a cafeína pode causar efeitos adversos como nervosismo, insônia, taquicardia e tremores em exposições a doses superiores a 500 - 600 mg em adultos. Neste caso, os insetos adultos foram alimentados com uma dieta de aveia suplementada com cada um deles separadamente tóxico. Foram avaliados o número de insetos descendentes, tamanho, peso e observação de anormalidades. Dos oito produtos químicos avaliados, apenas cinco tiveram um efeito visível no desenvolvimento do inseto, o BPA e o cloreto de mercúrio (II) induziram anormalidades nos estágios larval e pupal, enquanto o fenol, o tolueno e o metronidazol, apenas no estágio pupal. Foram observadas principais anomalias: necrose nos apêndices das larvas, nas pupas, papilas para diferenciação sexual são escleróticas ou ausentes, e anormalidade na formação da cabeça, membros, asas e apêndices. O cloreto de mercúrio (II) foi o mais tóxico devido ao crescimento, desenvolvimento e reprodução afetados do inseto.

Abstract Toxicity testing is essential for preventing chemical pollution of the environment. Tribolium castaneum can be used as an alternative model for preliminary toxicity screening, eight chemical compounds having known toxicity were evaluated. For example, mercury (II) chloride is considered toxic at concentrations higher than 0.1 mg/L in drinking water, phenol exposure to concentrations greater than 5 mg/L in drinking water can be dangerous, in the case of toluene exposure to concentrations greater than 200 ppm (parts per million) in the air can be harmful to health, hydrazine can be dangerous at concentrations higher than 1 mg/L in drinking water, and caffeine can cause adverse effects such as nervousness, insomnia, tachycardia, and tremors from exposure to doses higher than 500 - 600 mg in adults. In this case, adult insects were fed a diet of oatmeal supplemented with each separately toxic. The number of offspring insects, size, weight, and observation of abnormalities was evaluated. The eight chemicals assessed compounds only Ave had a visible effect on insect development, BPA and mercury (II) chloride induced abnormalities in the larval and pupal stages, while the phenol, toluene, and metronidazole, in the pupal stage only. Major anomalies were observed necrosis in larvae appendices, in pupae, papillae for sex differentiation are sclerotic or absent, and abnormality in the formation of head, limbs, wings, and appendages. Mercury (II) chloride was the most toxic due to the affected growth, development and reproduction of the insect.

Resumen Las pruebas de toxicidad son esenciales para prevenir la contaminación química del medio ambiente. Tribolium castaneum se puede utilizar como modelo alternativo para la detección preliminar de toxicidad; se evaluaron ocho compuestos químicos con toxicidad conocida. Por ejemplo, el cloruro de mercurio II se considera tóxico a concentraciones superiores a 0,1 mg/L en agua potable, el fenol a concentraciones superiores a 5 mg/L en agua potable puede ser peligroso, para el caso del tolueno la exposición a concentraciones superiores a 200 ppm (partes por millón) en el aire puede ser perjudicial para la salud, la hidrazina puede ser peligrosa a concentraciones superiores a 1 mg/L en agua potable, y la cafeína puede causar efectos adversos como nerviosismo, insomnio, taquicardia y temblores por exposición a dosis superiores a 500 - 600 mg en adultos. Los insectos adultos fueron alimentados con una dieta de avena complementada con cada tóxico por separado. Se evaluaron el número de crías, tamaño, peso y anormalidades morfológicas. De los ocho compuestos químicos evaluados, sólo cinco tuvieron un efecto visible sobre el desarrollo de los insectos: el BPA (bisfenol A) y el cloruro de mercurio (II) indujeron anomalías en los estadios larvarios y pupales, mientras que el fenol, el tolueno y el metronidazol sólo en el estadio pupal. Se observaron anomalías importantes: necrosis en los apéndices de las larvas, en las pupas, papilas para la diferenciación de sexos escleróticas o ausentes y anomalias en la formación de la cabeza, extremidades, alas y apéndices. El cloruro de mercurio (II) fue el más tóxico debido a que afectó el crecimiento, desarrollo y reproducción del insecto.

Resumen Los márgenes de las rutas que contienen vegetación natural brindan condiciones biológicas estables y promueven la biodiversidad. Estas áreas son importantes para mejorar los servicios ecosistémicos en los paisajes agrícolas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron i) evaluar la diversidad de insectos como visitantes florales (excluyendo apiformes), y la riqueza de especies de plantas en los márgenes de las rutas, ii) determinar los Grupos Funcionales de insectos registrados como visitantes florales en los márgenes de rutas, y iii) analizar el rol ecológico de los insectos presentes en ocho márgenes de rutas ubicados en la región centro-este de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. El estudio se realizó a lo largo de cuatro rutas provinciales (N°. 6, 10, 62 y 64) y la ruta nacional N°. 19; de noviembre de 2013 a septiembre de 2015. Se registraron un total de 1614 insectos, Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Allograpta exotica (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae) y Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), fueron las especies más abundantes. Las familias Brassicaceae, Apiaceae y Asteraceae recibieron el mayor número de visitas de insectos. Se registraron un total de 225 interacciones planta-insecto. Se discute la importancia de los márgenes de ruta con vegetación natural para proporcionar alimento y refugio a insectos polinizadores, depredadores, parasitoides, herbívoros y descomponedores.

Abstract The roadside margins that contain natural vegetation provides biological stable conditions and promote biodiversity. These areas are important to enhance ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. The aims of this study were i) to assess the diversity of insects as floral visitors (excluding apiformes), and plant species richness in roadside margins, ii) to determine the Functional Groups of insects recorded as floral visitors of roadside margins, and iii) to analyze the ecological role of insects presents in eight roadside margins located in the central-eastern region of the Santa Fe province. The study was conducted along four provincial roads (No. 6, 10, 62, and 64) and the national road No. 19, on November 2013 to September 2015. A total of 1614 insects were recorded. Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Allograpta exotica (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), were the most abundant species. The families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, and Asteraceae received the highest number of insect visits. A total of 225 plant-insect interactions were recorded. The importance of roadside margin with natural vegetation to provide food and shelters for pollinators, predators, parasitoids, herbivores, and decomposers insects is discussed.

ABSTRACT Plants undergoing insect infestation release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) into their environment, which are then used by natural enemies for their benefit. The pest Aleurothrixus floccosus, which affects citrus orchards in northern Chile, specifically at Pica Oasis, poses a year-round threat. Recently, the introduction of the exotic ladybird Clitostethus arcuatus has been noted as a predator of A. floccosus. This study delved into how HIPVs emitted from tangelo (Citrus reticulata × C. ×paradisi Macfad.) and lime (C. ×aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) infested-shoots impact the behavioral responses of C. arcuatus. The volatile compounds were collected using the headspace technique, revealing notable qualitative changes after herbivory. In two-choice bioassays, the HIPVs elicited an attractive response in C. arcuatus compared to A. floccosus. At concentrations of 10 and 100 µg mL-1, the predators displayed a distinct preference for methyl salicylate (MeSA). These findings underscore that C. arcuatus exploits the HIPVs emitted from citrus infested-shoots, fostering tritrophic interactions. Exploring the impact of whitefly attacks on other fruit trees, emerges as a significant avenue for future investigation.

ABSTRACT Bird droppings are an unusual food resource for coprophagous insects and used mostly by opportunistic decomposers. Among them, dung beetles feed mainly on dung, although the species differ in their trophic plasticity. Here we report a record of a dung beetle, Canthidium cf. gracilipes, reaching and manipulating the dropping of a passeriform bird, Dendrocincla fuliginosa (Dendrocolaptidae). The behavior was observed in an urban forest fragment located in the Amazonian city of Manaus, Brazil. Two hours after the bird defecated, the dung beetle reached the dropping and started manipulating them with its fore- and hindlegs. It did not eat the dung, though. For a clear understanding of the relationships between bird droppings and Amazonian dung beetles, it will be important to perform standardized experiments with a wide variety of native dung and carrion types. decomposers plasticity cf gracilipes Dendrocolaptidae. Dendrocolaptidae . (Dendrocolaptidae) Manaus Brazil defecated fore hindlegs though types (Dendrocolaptidae

RESUMO Excrementos de aves correspondem a um recurso alimentar pouco comum para insetos coprófagos, sendo utilizados geralmente por decompositores oportunistas. Entre eles, os rola bostas se alimentam principalmente de fezes, entretanto a plasticidade alimentar varia entre as espécies. Neste estudo nós reportamos um registro do rola bosta Canthidium cf. gracilipes se aproximando de e manipulando os excrementos de uma ave passeriformes, Dendrocincla fuliginosa (Dendrocolaptidae). O comportamento foi observado em um fragmento localizado na cidade amazônica de Manaus, Brasil. Duas horas depois de que a ave defecou, o rola bosta se aproximou das fezes e começou a manipulá-las com as patas anteriores e posteriores. Entretanto, não se observou consumo do excremento. Para uma compreensão mais clara das relações entre os excrementos de aves e os rola bostas amazônicos, é importante a realização de experimentos padronizados com uma ampla variedade de fezes e carcaças nativas. coprófagos oportunistas eles espécies cf passeriformes Dendrocolaptidae. Dendrocolaptidae . (Dendrocolaptidae) Manaus Brasil defecou manipulálas manipulá las posteriores Entretanto excremento amazônicos nativas (Dendrocolaptidae

ABSTRACT Taxonomic data about Brazilian hydraenids are currently available open access at the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna (Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil - CTFB) website, an online database with taxonomic information on the animal species occurring in Brazil. Based on taxonomic contributions published until September 2023, a total of 34 valid Hydraenidae species have been recorded from Brazil, 27 (79%) of which are endemic. Foreign authors have dominated the description of Brazilian Hydraenidae species (eight out of 10), and Dr. P.D. Perkins from the United States has authored the highest number of species described from Brazil (20). While the primary type specimens of species described from Brazil are predominantly deposited in non-Brazilian institutions (65%), the collection of Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, has the most Hydraenidae type species (11) in the country. So far, Hydraenidae have been recorded in 19 Brazilian states. The two states with the highest hydraenid biodiversity are Minas Gerais and Bahia, with 12 and seven species, respectively. Species distribution by Brazilian biomes reveals that the Atlantic Forest is the most diverse, with 24 species (21 endemic), followed by the Amazon rainforest, with nine species (five endemic). In this study we also analyzed the potential distribution of the four Hydraenidae genera occurring in Brazil using ecological niche modeling. Our results indicate that Hydraena Kugelann, 1794 and Ochthebius Leach, 1815 have a wide potential distribution, covering a large part of the country. Otherwise, Adelphydraena Perkins, 1989 would be restricted to the Amazon and Parhydraenida J. Balfour-Browne, 1975 to the mountains of the Brazilian Shield. The knowledge on the Brazilian hydraenid fauna is still very poor: There are significant knowledge gaps, and many areas have been under-sampled. This deficiency should be addressed in future studies. Catálogo CTFB website 2023 3 2 79% 79 (79% endemic eight 10, 10 , 10) Dr PD P D P.D 20. 20 . (20) nonBrazilian non 65%, 65 65% (65%) Zoologia Paulo 11 (11 country far 1 Bahia respectively diverse 21 (2 endemic, endemic) rainforest five modeling Kugelann 179 Leach 181 Otherwise 198 J BalfourBrowne, BalfourBrowne Balfour Browne, Browne Balfour-Browne 197 Shield poor gaps undersampled. undersampled under sampled. sampled under-sampled studies 202 7 (79 (20 6 (65% (1 ( 17 18 (7 (65 (6

ABSTRACT The earliest fossil member of Bothrideridae, Alveoderes yamamotoi Li & Cai gen. et sp. nov., is reported from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Alveoderes gen. nov. appears to be most similar to extant Deretaphrus in the 3-segmented antennal club and pronotal morphology, but is also distinctive among the whole Bothrideridae in having a large cavity (possible glandular opening) at each anterior pronotal angle. Our discovery of a definitive bothriderid beetle from the late Mesozoic highlights the antiquity of the family. A key to the extant and extinct genera of Deretaphrini is added. gen sp nov midCretaceous mid Cretaceous Myanmar 3segmented segmented 3 morphology possible opening angle family added