Resumen Se evaluó el tiempo de desarrollo, tablas de vida y capacidad de consumo de Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) sobre el áfido del maíz Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), vector del virus del enanismo de la cebada (BYDV). El tiempo de vida del huevo de C. sexmaculata fue de 3,8±0,28 días, mientras que el tiempo de vida de la larva y pupa fue de 9,2±0,38 y 5,02±0,38 días respectivamente. La tasa de mortalidad específica (q ) permaneció baja en los cuatro instares larvales y pupa, pero durante el estado de huevo la q se incrementó. El instar IV (77,6±2,96 áfidos consumidos) seguido por el instar III (31,1±2,22 áfidos consumidos) ejercieron una mayor depredación. Las ninfas de R. padi son más consumidas en comparación con los adultos. Los resultados obtenidos establecen que por vez primera el tiempo de desarrollo de C. sexmaculata alimentado con R. padi fue de 18,02±0,55 días bajo condiciones controladas.

Abstract Was evaluated the development time, life tables and predation capacity of Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) on the corn aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), vector of the barley dwarf virus (BYDV). The life time of C. sexmaculata egg was 3.8±0.28 days, while the larva and pupa life time were 9.2±0.38 and 5.02±0.38 days respectively. The specific mortality rate (q ) remained low in the four larval instars and pupa, but during the egg stage its q increased. The instar IV (77.6±2.96 consumed aphids) followed by the instar III (31.1±2.22 consumed aphids) are exerting greater predation. The nymphs of R. padi are the more consumed compared to the adults. The results obtained establish for the first time the development time of C. sexmaculata fed with R. padi was 18,02±0,55 days under controlled conditions.

ABSTRACT Plants undergoing insect infestation release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) into their environment, which are then used by natural enemies for their benefit. The pest Aleurothrixus floccosus, which affects citrus orchards in northern Chile, specifically at Pica Oasis, poses a year-round threat. Recently, the introduction of the exotic ladybird Clitostethus arcuatus has been noted as a predator of A. floccosus. This study delved into how HIPVs emitted from tangelo (Citrus reticulata × C. ×paradisi Macfad.) and lime (C. ×aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) infested-shoots impact the behavioral responses of C. arcuatus. The volatile compounds were collected using the headspace technique, revealing notable qualitative changes after herbivory. In two-choice bioassays, the HIPVs elicited an attractive response in C. arcuatus compared to A. floccosus. At concentrations of 10 and 100 µg mL-1, the predators displayed a distinct preference for methyl salicylate (MeSA). These findings underscore that C. arcuatus exploits the HIPVs emitted from citrus infested-shoots, fostering tritrophic interactions. Exploring the impact of whitefly attacks on other fruit trees, emerges as a significant avenue for future investigation.

Resumen Los márgenes de las rutas que contienen vegetación natural brindan condiciones biológicas estables y promueven la biodiversidad. Estas áreas son importantes para mejorar los servicios ecosistémicos en los paisajes agrícolas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron i) evaluar la diversidad de insectos como visitantes florales (excluyendo apiformes), y la riqueza de especies de plantas en los márgenes de las rutas, ii) determinar los Grupos Funcionales de insectos registrados como visitantes florales en los márgenes de rutas, y iii) analizar el rol ecológico de los insectos presentes en ocho márgenes de rutas ubicados en la región centro-este de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. El estudio se realizó a lo largo de cuatro rutas provinciales (N°. 6, 10, 62 y 64) y la ruta nacional N°. 19; de noviembre de 2013 a septiembre de 2015. Se registraron un total de 1614 insectos, Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Allograpta exotica (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae) y Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), fueron las especies más abundantes. Las familias Brassicaceae, Apiaceae y Asteraceae recibieron el mayor número de visitas de insectos. Se registraron un total de 225 interacciones planta-insecto. Se discute la importancia de los márgenes de ruta con vegetación natural para proporcionar alimento y refugio a insectos polinizadores, depredadores, parasitoides, herbívoros y descomponedores.

Abstract The roadside margins that contain natural vegetation provides biological stable conditions and promote biodiversity. These areas are important to enhance ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. The aims of this study were i) to assess the diversity of insects as floral visitors (excluding apiformes), and plant species richness in roadside margins, ii) to determine the Functional Groups of insects recorded as floral visitors of roadside margins, and iii) to analyze the ecological role of insects presents in eight roadside margins located in the central-eastern region of the Santa Fe province. The study was conducted along four provincial roads (No. 6, 10, 62, and 64) and the national road No. 19, on November 2013 to September 2015. A total of 1614 insects were recorded. Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Allograpta exotica (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), were the most abundant species. The families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, and Asteraceae received the highest number of insect visits. A total of 225 plant-insect interactions were recorded. The importance of roadside margin with natural vegetation to provide food and shelters for pollinators, predators, parasitoids, herbivores, and decomposers insects is discussed.

Abstract The state of Morelos in Mexico has been an important site for the collection and study of several groups of insects, including coccinellids; however, this group had not received enough attention, and for this reason there is not an updated list of species that includes the species recorded and those that are sheltered in national and state entomological collections. The objective of this research was to contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of the ladybugs from the state of Morelos for which the specimens of Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807 deposited in three insect collections in the state of Morelos and three national ones, were reviewed. The entomological material was identified using dichotomic keys and information from scientific articles, which is why in some species it was necessary to extract the genitalia of the males. A bibliographic review was carried out to include the species recorded in isolated form. The list includes a total of 100 species, of which 19 are new records for the state. The validity of the record of the species Azya luteipes Mulsant, 1850, Paraneda pallidula guticollis Mulsant, 1850, Hyperaspis bicruciata Mulsant, 1850, H. sexverrucata (Fabricius, 1801), Scymnus (Pullus) apicalis Mulsant, 1850 and S. (Pullus) auritulus Mulsant, 1850 is questioned due to their current distribution.

Resumen El estado de Morelos, México ha sido un sitio importante para la colecta y estudio de diversos grupos de insectos, entre ellos los coccinélidos; sin embargo, este grupo no había recibido suficiente atención y por esta razón no existe un listado actualizado de especies que incluya a las especies registradas y a las que están resguardadas en colecciones de insectos nacionales y estatales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue contribuir al conocimiento taxonómico de las catarinas de Morelos, para lo cual se revisaron los ejemplares de Coccinellidae Latreille, 1807, depositados en tres colecciones de insectos del estado de Morelos y tres nacionales. El material entomológico fue identificado mediante claves dicotómicas e información de artículos científicos, por lo que en algunas especies fue necesaria la extracción de los genitales masculinos. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para incluir las especies registradas de manera aislada. El listado incluye un total de 100 especies, de las cuales 19 son nuevos registros para el estado. La validez del registro de las especies Azya luteipes Mulsant, 1850, Paraneda pallidula guticollis Mulsant, 1850, Hyperaspis bicruciata Mulsant, 1850, H. sexverrucata (Fabricius, 1801), Scymnus (Pullus) apicalis Mulsant, 1850 y S. (Pullus) auritulus Mulsant, 1850 es cuestionada debido a la distribución actual de las mismas.

ABSTRACT Two new species, Pseudoazya mirabilis sp. nov. and Pseudoazya massayo sp. nov., both from Northeast Brazil, are described. Pseudoazya is distributed in other localities of Brazil. The new species of Pseudoazya Gordon, 1980 are described based on the external morphology and genitalia of the adults. The genus is distinguished from Azya Mulsant, 1850, the only other genus of Azyini, by prosternum with intercoxal process flat, not elevated, and apex of penis bifid. sp nov Brazil Gordon 198 adults Mulsant 1850 Azyini flat elevated bifid 19 185 1 18

Resumen Introducción. Las arvenses del cultivo de caña de azúcar pueden servir como reservorios de una gran cantidad de insectos benéficos útiles para el control biológico de plagas. Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre insectos benéficos y arvenses presentes en bordes de cañales. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron visitas mensuales desde abril hasta diciembre del 2018, a dos sitios, El Palmar y Turrialba, dos regiones cañeras de Costa Rica. Se seleccionaron veinte puntos de muestreo al azar en donde se aspiraron todos los insectos contenidos en una estructura cuboide de 0,25 m3. Se identificaron las especies de plantas, así como las familias y morfoespecies de insectos presentes; estos últimos se clasificaron de acuerdo con su hábito alimenticio. Luego, se realizó un análisis de co-ocurrencia entre arvenses e insectos. Resultados. Se identificaron 140 especies de arvenses pertenecientes a 41 familias, 83 especies en El Palmar y 120 en Turrialba. La diversidad y riqueza de arvenses fue mayor en Turrialba. Se identificaron 13 689 artrópodos distribuidos en 137 familias; la diversidad, riqueza y abundancia en ambos sitios fue similar. Las familias Poaceae y Cicadellidae fueron identificadas con mayor frecuencia en ambas zonas. En el análisis de co-ocurrencia la arvense Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb., presentó una asociación positiva (p<0,05) con las familias de insectos depredadores Coccinellidae, Syrphidae y Dolichopodidae. La familia de insectos parasitoides Eulophidae se asoció con ocho especies de arvenses. Conclusiones. Se determinó asociación entre especies de arvenses e insectos benéficos en el cultivo de caña de azúcar, por lo que se puede asociar su papel al mantenimiento de las poblaciones de enemigos naturales para el control de plagas.

Abstract Introduction. Weeds in sugarcane crops can serve as reservoirs of a wide variety of beneficial insects that are useful for biological pest control. Objective. To study the association between beneficial insects and weeds present in sugarcane field edges. Materials and methods. Monthly visits were conducted from April to December 2018 in two sites, El Palmar and Turrialba, two sugarcane regions in Costa Rica. Twenty random sampling points were selected where all insects within a cubic structure of 0,25 m3 were aspirated. Plant species were identified, as well as the families and morphospecies of insects present; the latter were classified based on their feeding habits. Subsequently, a co-occurrence analysis between weeds and insects was performed. Results. A total of 140 species belonging to 41 families were identified, with 83 species in El Palmar and 120 in Turrialba. Weed diversity and richness was higher in Turrialba. A total of 13 689 arthropods distributed across 137 families were identified; the diversity, richness, and abundance showed similarity between both sites. The families Poaceae and Cicadellidae were the most frequently identified in both areas. In the co-occurrence analysis, the weed Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. exhibited a positive association (p<0.05) with predator insect families such as Coccinellidae, Syrphidae, and Dolichopodidae. Additionally, the parasitoid insect family Eulophidae was associated with eight weed species. Conclusions. The study revealed an association between weed species and beneficial insects in sugarcane cultivars, suggesting their role in maintaining populations of natural enemies for pest control.

ABSTRACT The whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus is one of the main foliar pests in citrus orchards at the Pica Oasis, Tarapacá Region. In this regard, the predator Clitostethus arcuatus naturally colonizes infested orchards; however, additional releases are required, making it necessary to rear them with artificial diets. The present study evaluated the effect of three artificial diets, two meridic and one oligidic, and natural diet (A. floccosus) on the postembryonic development and longevity of C. arcuatus under laboratory conditions. The results obtained indicate that embryonic development ranged bet^een 3-4 days (3.25 ± 0.44) with a survival at 100%. Furthermore, there were no significant differences. On the other hand, the four larval stages fed with A. floccosus took a total of 15.13 days [first larval stage (L1), 2.79 ± 0.41 days; second larval stage (L2) 3.63 ± 0.10 days; third larval stage (L3) 4.46 ± 0.51 days; and fourth larval stage (L4) 4.25 ± 0.53 days]; while thepupal stage lasted 4.75 ± 0.53 days. Thus, the development from egg to adult was 23.13 days. In contrast, L1 larvae fed with: meridic diet, meridic diet + tyrosine and oligidic diet recorded a mortality of 100%, without obtaining developed adult individuals. On the other hand, C. arcuatus fed with prey recorded a longevity of 53.13 days. Therefore, the natural diet was the most suitable for the devglopment of the predator. Howe^ver, the data obtained from artificial diets could be attributed to texture and/or consistency, since it is known that C. arcuatus larvae prefer feeding on eggs and nymphs of A. floccosus, requiring further studies of composition and texture diets; subsequently, to develop augmentative biological control programs, within the context of sustainable production and food security.

RESUMEN La mosquita blanca Aleurothrixus floccosus es una de las principales plagas foliares en huertos de cítricos del Oasis de Pica, región de Tarapacá. El depredador Clitostethus arcuatus coloniza naturalmente huertos infestados, sin embargo, se requieren liberaciones adicionales, y es necesaria su crianza basada en dietas artificiales. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de tres dietas artificiales, dos merídicas y una oligídica, y una natural (A. floccosus) sobre el desarrollo postembrionario y longevidad de C. arcuatus en condiciones de laboratorio. Los resultados indican que el desarrollo embrionario varió entre 3-4 días (3,25 ± 0,44) con una supervivencia del 100%. Además, no se registraron diferencias significativas. Por otro lado, los cuatro estadios larvales alimentados con A. floccosus demoraron en total 15,13 días [primer estadio larval (L1), 2,79 ± 0,41 días; segundo estadio larval (L2) 3,63 ± 0,10 días; tercer estadio larval (L3) 4,46 ± 0,51 días; y cuarto estadio (L4) 4,25 ± 0,53 días]. El estado de pupa duró 4,75 ± 0,53 días. Así, el desarrollo desde huevo hasta adulto fue de 23,13 días. En contraste, las larvas L1 alimentadas con dieta merídica, dieta merídica + tirosina y dieta oligídica registraron una mortalidad del 100%, sin obtener individuos adultos desarrollados. Por el contrario, C. arcuatus alimentados con presas mostraron una longevidad de 53,13 días. Según estos resultados, la dieta natural fue la más adecuada para el desarrollo del depredador. Sin embargo, los datos obtenidos de las dietas artificiales podrían atribuirse a la textura o consistencia, ya que las larvas de C. arcuatus prefieren depredar huevos y ninfas de A. floccosus. Por lo tanto, se necesitan estudios adicionales de composición y textura de dietas, para luego desarrollar programas de control biológico aumentativo, dentro del contexto de producción sostenible y seguridad alimentaria.

ABSTRACT Frankliniella occidentalis is a pest persistent that attacks the Mexican lemon fruit. Given this, the effect of biorational insecticides on thrips pest management and the impact on natural enemies for the cultivation of Mexican lemon in Michoacán, Mexico, was evaluated, in a completely randomized design, with twelve treatments and ten repetitions; the experimental unit was a tree. The variance data homogeneity test, ANOVA, and Tukey’s comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05) were applied. In the data collection, a previous sampling was done as the starting point of the study and comparison. After treatments, samples were taken at 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35, and 41 days later. The study variables were: 1) the number of Frankliniella occidentalis thrips; 2) The number of Olla v-nigrum lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae); 3) The number of lacewings Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae); 4) The number of phytoseiids [predatory mites] Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Garlic extract + chamomile and rue extract reduced the thrips population by 58.47; 9.30; 71.43; 40.20; 50.17; 90.37 and 99.67 % at 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35, and 41 days after application, respectively. Tolfenpyrad reached its greatest effect by reducing the coccinellid population by 100 % at 3, 6, 12, 26, and 41 days after application. Garlic oil proved to be a good option for thrips control by reducing its population by an average of 60 % and increasing phytoseiid mites by 800 %.

RESUMEN Frankinella occidentalis es una plaga muy persistente que ataca al limón mexicano. Ante ello, se evaluó el efecto de insecticidas biorracionales para el manejo de trips plaga y el impacto sobre los enemigos naturales para el cultivo de limón mexicano en Michoacán, México, en un diseño completamente al azar, con doce tratamientos y diez repeticiones; la unidad experimental fue un árbol. Se aplicó la prueba de homogeneidad de datos de las varianzas, ANOVA y comparación de medias de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). En la recolección de datos, se hizo un muestreo previo como punto de inicio del estudio y comparación. Posterior a los tratamientos, se realizaron muestreos a los 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35 y 41 días después. Las variables de estudio fueron: 1) Número de trips Frankinella occidentalis; 2) Número de catarinas Olla v-nigrum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae); 3) Número de crisopas Chrysoperla rufilabris (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae); 4) Número de fitoseidos [ácaros depredadores] Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). El Extracto de ajo + extracto de manzanilla y ruda redujo la población de trips en un 58,47; 9,30; 71,43; 40,20; 50,17; 90,37 y 99,67 % a los 3, 6, 12, 20, 26, 35 y 41 días después de la aplicación respectivamente. El Tolfenpyrad alcanzó su mayor efecto de al disminuir en un 100 % la población de coccinélidos a los 3, 6, 12, 26 y 41 días después de la aplicación. El Aceite de ajo mostró ser una buena opción para el control de trips al disminuir la su población en un promedio de 60 %, e incrementó en un 800 % los ácaros fitoseidos.

ABSTRACT Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) and Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Meneville) are voracious generalist predators, and important aphid control agents. In an environment containing a complex of species, the occurrence of intraguild interactions can interfere in the predator behavior and consumption. The aim of this work was to know the number of nymphs of Rhodobium porosum (Sanderson) and Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus) consumed by larvae of C. externa and H. convergens, and the interaction between these predators when confined together. First, second and third instar nymphs of R. porosum and M. rosae were provided in Petri dishes containing rose leaflets and second instar larvae of the predators. Intraguild interaction was studied in Petri dishes containing first instar nymphs of both aphid species and a second instar larva of C. externa plus one of H. convergens. A third treatment consisted of dishes containing a second instar larva of both predators maintained in the absence of prey. The evaluations took place throughout the entire instar of the predators. C. externa consumed a greater number of R. porosum nymphs and H. convergens a greater number of M. rosae nymphs. For both species of prey, the highest consumption was verified on the last day of evaluation. There was a positive interaction when the predator’s larvae were confined in the presence of aphid nymphs, with no mortality observed for any of them. In the absence of prey, there was 70% mortality of H. convergens larvae due to intraguild predation. Hagen (Hagen GuérinMeneville Guérin Meneville (Guérin-Meneville agents Sanderson (Sanderson Linnaeus (Linnaeus C H together First R M prey evaluation s them 70 predation 7

RESUMEN El presente estudio identifica e ilustra la riqueza de especies de Coccinellidae asociados a cultivos de cítricos en el centro-sur de Tamaulipas, México. La colecta de especímenes se realizó de marzo a octubre de 2020 en intervalos semanales, usando red entomológica, trampas amarillas y revisando manualmente las ramas de los árboles de menor tamaño. Se recolectaron 169 especímenes adultos de la familia Coccinellidae representados en dos subfamilias, 13 géneros y 20 especies. De las 20 especies, 14 ya estaban reportadas y seis son primeros registros para Tamaulipas. Se concluye que el aumento en el número de especies recolectadas en esta región se debe al mayor esfuerzo en el muestreo realizado.

ABSTRACT The present study identifies and illustrates the species richness of Coccinellidae associated with citrus crops in south-central Tamaulipas, Mexico. The collection of specimens was carried out from March to October 2020, at weekly intervals, using entomological netting, yellow traps and manually checking the branches of the smaller trees. A total of 169 adult specimens of the Coccinellidae family represented in two subfamilies, 13 genera and 20 species were collected. Of the 20 species, 14 were already reported and six are first records 2 for Tamaulipas. It is concluded that the increase in the number of species collected in this region is due to the more significant effort in the sampling carried out.

Resumo A joaninha asiática Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) é um agente de controle biológico que pode afetar negativamente outras espécies de coccinelídeos. Parâmetros da tabela de vida foram usados para avaliar o potencial de crescimento populacional e os efeitos da competição interespecífica entre o coccinelídeo exótico H. axyridis e os coccinelídeos nativos Hippodamia convergens e Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) em condições de laboratório a 25 °C, usando Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) como presa. Também foram avaliados os efeitos dos fatores abióticos temperatura e umidade do ar sobre esses coccinelídeos por meio de levantamento em uma cultura de sorgo sob condições médias de 18,1 °C e 53,5%, respectivamente. A fecundidade foi maior em C. sanguinea (1021,0 ovos por fêmea) e H. axyridis (1029,2 ovos por fêmea) do que em H. convergens (484,5 ovos por fêmea). A maioria dos parâmetros da tabela de vida não apresentou diferenças significativas. As taxas intrínsicas de aumento (rm) de C. sanguinea, H. axyridis e H. convergens foram 0,195, 0,198 e 0,194 d–1, respectivamente. Com base nos parâmetros da tabela de vida obtidos neste estudo, as três espécies de Coccinellidae mostraram uma capacidade semelhante de controlar uma população de S. graminum.

Abstract The Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a biological control agent that also may adversely impact other coccinellid species. Life table parameters were used to assess the population growth potential and the effects of interspecific competition between the invasive lady beetle H. axyridis and the native coccinellids Hippodamia convergens and Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory conditions at 25 °C, using Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as prey. The effects of the abiotic factors air temperature and humidity on these coccinellids by conducting a survey in a sorghum crop under average conditions of 18.1 °C and 53.5%, respectively, were also assessed. Fecundity was higher in C. sanguinea (1021.0 eggs per female) and H. axyridis (1029.2 eggs per female) than in H. convergens (484.5 eggs per female). The majority of the life table parameters showed no significant differences. The instantaneous rates of population increase (rm) of C. sanguinea, H. axyridis, and H. convergens were 0.195, 0.198, and 0.194 d–1, respectively. Based on the life table parameters obtained in this study, all three species of Coccinellidae showed a similar capacity to control a S. graminum population.

ABSTRACT Rose crops are attacked by many pests, including mealybugs. Although Planoccocus citri is not registered as a main pest of roses in Brazil, it is an increasing problem on roses inside greenhouses. Chrysoperla externa and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri are options against P. citri and other pests on roses, however using two predators in biological control programs may face problems like intraguild predation. This work aimed to assess the consumption of 1st instar nymphs and adult females of P. citri by adults of C. montrouzieri and 3rd instar larvae of C. externa, as well as the interaction between these predators when confined together. The following treatments were performed with ten replications in a completely randomized design: 1 - C. externa + 200 nymphs of P. citri; 2 - C. externa + 10 adults of P. citri; 3 - C. montrouzieri + 500 nymphs of P. citri; 4 - C. montrouzieri + 15 adults of P. citri. Each replication was set on rose leaflets inside a Petri dish (9cm Ø). Intraguild interaction was assessed by releasing both predators inside dishes containing 700 nymphs of P. citri. Before the releases, predators stayed 24 hours without food. We evaluated the prey consumption and intraguild predation for three hours. C. externa consumed significantly less (85,4±2,99) nymphs than did C. montrouzieri (387,0±3,02). There was no difference in adult mealybugs consumed, with an average of 1,85±0,19. No intraguild predation was observed, and an increase of 11,8% in consumption was observed when predators were released together compared to the scenario of no competition. Brazil greenhouses P st C rd design 20 50 9cm cm Ø. Ø . Ø) 70 releases food 85,4±2,99 854299 85 99 (85,4±2,99 387,0±3,02. 3870302 387,0±3,02 387 0 02 (387,0±3,02) 185019 19 1,85±0,19 118 11 8 11,8 competition 5 7 85,4±2,9 85429 9 (85,4±2,9 387030 387,0±3,0 38 (387,0±3,02 18501 1,85±0,1 11, 85,4±2, 8542 (85,4±2, 38703 387,0±3, (387,0±3,0 1850 1,85±0, 85,4±2 854 (85,4±2 3870 387,0±3 (387,0±3, 185 1,85±0 85,4± (85,4± 387,0± (387,0±3 18 1,85± 85,4 (85,4 387,0 (387,0± 1,85 85, (85, 387, (387,0 1,8 (85 (387, 1, (8 (387 ( (38 (3

ABSTRACT Based on the importance of using low-risk compounds to protect beneficial agents, the present study evaluated the acute toxicity of lethal and sublethal concentrations of the insecticides thiacloprid, pyriproxyfen, and chlorantraniliprole on adults of Aphelinus mali (Haldeman), the main parasitoid of the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann). Similarly, acetamiprid, buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole were evaluated on adults of the parasitoid Acerophagus flavidulus (Brethés) and also on larvae and adults of the predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, both species important natural enemies of the obscure mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret). Natural enemies were exposed to insecticide residues of minimum recommended rate (1x) and between one to four concentrations (0.5x, 0.25x, 0.1x and 0.05x) of the minimum recommended rate on apple leaves. Our results indicate that thiacloprid was moderately harmful to A. mali at 1x, and acetamiprid was harmful to A. flavidulus causing 100% mortality from 0.1x to 1x concentrations. Buprofezin, pyriproxyfen and chlorantraniliprole were harmless or slightly harmful for both parasitoids. Cyantraniliprole was slightly harmful from 0.25x to 1x for A. flavidulus. For C. montrouzieri, acetamiprid was harmless or slightly harmful for larvae and adults on the concentrations evaluated. Buprofezin, pyriproxyfen and chlorantraniliprole were harmless for larvae and adults of C. montrouzieri. Cyantraniliprole was slightly harmful on larvae and moderately harmful on adults of C. montrouzieri at 1x. Our data suggest that buprofezin, pyriproxyfen and chlorantraniliprole could be compatible with the natural enemies evaluated, while thiacloprid and acetamiprid were less compatible with parasitoids than with the predator. Finally, cyantraniliprole seems to be less compatible than chlorantraniliprole at 1x with the natural enemies evaluated.

Abstract A review of the Neotropical Coccinellidae in the Prague Museum, also including to a lesser extent material from other collections, has led to the description of 14 new species from Brazil, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela, two new combinations and 16 first records for countries. The new species described are Cyrea napoensis, Dilatitibialis manaus (Brachiacanthini), Neaporia chucanti, Prodilis saopaulo, P. pastaza and P. qedi (Cephaloscymnini), Siola karpish (Chnoodini), Calloeneis veraguas (Cryptognathini), Diomus chiriqui, D. panamensis and D. sekerkai (Diomini), Toxotoma venezuelae and T. aguascalientes (Epilachnini) and Nexophallobase panamensis (Stilochotidini) nov. spp. The new combinations are Sidonis vianai (for Neorhizobius vianai González, 2013) and Neda areolata (for Neocalvia areolata Gorham, 1982) comb. nov. First country records are Azya exuta Gordon for Ecuador, Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) for French Guiana, Harpasus zonatus (Mulsant) for Paraguay, Chnoodes separata Mader for Paraguay, Coelaria erythrogaster Mulsant for Surinam, Sidonis vianai (González) for Brazil, Coleomegilla occulta González for Bolivia, Neda callispilota (Guerín-Méneville) for Uruguay, Epilachna bistrisignata (Mader) for Peru, Epilachna dives Erichson for Bolivia, Hyperaspis pseudodonzeli Gordon & Canepari for Ecuador and French Guiana, Menoscelis saginata Mulsant for Bolivia, Zagloba beaumonti Casey for Bolivia and Venezuela and Scymnus hamatus Gordon for Panama.

Resumen La revisión de los Coccinellidae neotropicales en el Museo de Praga, incluyendo también en menor medida material de otras colecciones, ha llevado a la descripción de 14 nuevas especies de Brasil, Ecuador, Panamá, Perú y Venezuela, dos nuevas combinaciones y 16 primeros registros para países. Las nuevas especies descritas son Cyrea napoensis, Dilatitibialis manaus (Brachiacanthi- ni), Neaporia chucanti, Prodilis saopaulo, P. pastaza y P. qedi (Cephaloscymnini), Siola karpish (Chnoo- dini), Calloeneis veraguas (Cryptognathini), Diomus chiriqui, D. panamensis y D. sekerkai (Diomini), Toxotoma venezuelae y T. aguascalientes (Epilachnini) y Nexophallus panamensis (Stilochotidini) spp. nov. Las nuevas combinaciones son Sidonis vianai (para Neorhizobius vianai González, 2013) y Neda areolata (para Neocalvia areolata Gorham, 1982) comb. nov. Los primeros registros de países son Azya exuta Gordon para Ecuador, Chilocorus nigrita (Fabricius) para la Guayana Francesa, Harpasus zona- tus (Mulsant) para Paraguay, Chnoodes separata Mader para Paraguay, Coelaria erythrogaster Mulsant para Surinam, Sidonis vianai (González) para Brasil, Coleomegilla occulta González para Bolivia, Neda callispilota (Guerín-Méneville) para Uruguay, Epilachna bistrisignata (Mader) para Perú, Epilachna di ves Erichson para Bolivia, Hyperaspis pseudodonzeli Gordon & Canepari para Ecuador y Guayana Francesa, Menoscelis saginata Mulsant para Bolivia, Zagloba beaumonti Casey para Bolivia y Venezue la y Scymnus hamatus Gordon para Panamá.

Abstract In this work, we presented a review of the specimens of mycophagous Coccinellini from various provinces of the Cusco Department, south east of Peru. This group currently has nine species in the country, within the genera Oxytella Weise 1902, and Psyllobora Chevrolat 1836. In the material examined the occurrence of five of them is reported: Oxytella longula Weise, Psyllobora marshalli Crotch, P. abancayana Almeida, P. constantini González, Perla & Almeida, and P. hybrida (Mulsant); in addition to three other species, not yet identified, within the genus Psyllobora. For each species a diagnosis, photographs and photomicrographs of habit and genital structures, and information on their distribution in Cusco are presented.

Resumen Se presenta una revisión de los ejemplares de Coccinellini micofagos procedentes de varias provincias del departamento del Cusco, en el sur oriente de Perú. Este grupo presenta actualmente nueve especies en el país, dentro de los géneros Oxytella Weise 1902, y Psyllobora Chevrolat 1836. En el material examinado se reporta la ocurrencia de cinco de ellas: Oxytella longula Weise, Psyllobora marshalli Crotch, abancayana Almeida, P. constantini González, Perla & Almeida, y P. hybrida (Mulsant); además de otras tres especies, aún no identificadas, dentro del género Psyllobora. Para cada especie se presenta una diagnosis, fotografías y microfotografías de habito y estructuras genitales, e información sobre su distribución en Cusco.